Kreis Kolmar in Posen

The Kreis Kolmar in Posen (1818–1877 Kreis Chodziesen) was a district in the northern government region of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen, from 1818 to 1920. The district capital was Kolmar in Posen.

Location of Kreis Kolmar in Posen

History

The district of Chodziesen was formed in 1818. It became part of the German Empire in 1871. On March 6, 1877, the district and the district town of Chodziesen were renamed Kolmar in Posen. On 1 April, 1914 the city of Schneidemühl was disentangled from the district and became an independent town (Stadtkreis) within the Bromberg Region.

On December 27, 1918, the Greater Poland uprising began in the province of Posen. Except for the south of the district around the town of Budsin, the Kolmar district remained largely under German control. On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting. On June 28, 1919, with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, the German government officially ceded most of the district including the capital Kolmar to the newly founded Second Polish Republic.

On November 25, 1919, Germany and Poland concluded an agreement on the evacuation and surrender of the areas to be ceded, which was ratified on January 10, 1920. The area to be ceded was cleared and handed over to Poland between January 17 and February 4, 1920. Only a few communities in the northern part of the district remained in Germany as part of the province of Posen-West Prussia.

Demographics

According to the Prussian census of 1858, the district had a population of 49,380, of which 39,087 (79%) were Germans and 10,293 (21%) were Poles.[1]

Table of Standesämter

"Standesamt" is the German name of the local civil registration offices which were established in October 1874 soon after the German Empire was formed. Births, marriages and deaths were recorded. Previously, only the church records were used for Christians.

Standesamt Polish name
Budsin Budzyń
Kolmar Chodzież
Dziembowo Dziembowo
Margonin Margonin
Podanin Podanin
Podstolitz Podstolice
Samotschin Szamocin
Schneidemühl Piła
Usch Ujście
Zachasberg Zacharzyn

Military command

Kreis Kolmar was part of the military command (German: Bezirkskommando) at Schneidemühl, which was the garrison of the 149th Infanterie regiment (6th Westpreußisches) of the 74. Inf. Brigade. Created Mar 31, 1897. Also, since 1913, the home of the 5th Luftschiffer- Bataillon (Zeppelins).

Court system

The main court (German: Landgericht) was in Schneidemühl, with subject courts (German: Amtsgericht) in the district capital Kolmar in Posen and Margonin.

Police districts

Police districts (German: Polizeidistrikt) were administered from the towns of Budsin, Kolmar, Samotschin, Schneidemühl and Usch.

References
  1. Belzyt, Leszek (1998). Sprachliche Minderheiten im preussischen Staat: 1815 - 1914 ; die preußische Sprachenstatistik in Bearbeitung und Kommentar. Marburg: Herder-Inst. ISBN 978-3-87969-267-5.

This article is part of the project Wikipedia:WikiProject Prussian Kreise. Please refer to the project page, before making changes.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.