Indonesia–South Korea relations

Indonesia–South Korea relations (Korean: 한국–인도네시아 관계, romanized: Hanguk–Indonesia Gwangye) (Indonesian: Hubungan Indonesia–Korea Selatan) are the bilateral foreign relations between the two nations of Indonesia and South Korea. The two countries sharing a common vision, values and the will to contribute to the international community as middle powers.[1][2] Both countries are members of G-20 and APEC. Indonesia and South Korea officially established diplomatic relations on 17 September 1973. South Korea has an embassy in Jakarta and Indonesia has an embassy in Seoul. According to a 2014 BBC World Service Poll, 48% of Indonesians view South Korea's influence positively, with 27% expressing a negative view.[3] The Chinese Indonesian merchant Chen Yanxiang visited Korea between the 1390s and the 1410s, the first major contact between the two nations.[4]

Indonesia–South Korea relations

Indonesia
South Korea

Military Cooperation

Fast growing trade and investment enabled the two governments to agree on a strategic partnership in 2006.[2] Indonesia and South Korea have invested in multiple joint military development projects, including the KFX/IFX fighter jet.[5] South Korean firm Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME) is in final contract negotiations to supply Indonesia with three Type-209 submarines. This will be the largest ever bilateral defense deal, valued at US$1.1 billion.[6]

Residents

In 2012, there were about 38,000 Indonesian citizens living in South Korea.[7]

Economy and trade
President Yudhoyono of Indonesia with South Korean minister for foreign affairs, Yun Byung-se in Bali, June 14th, 2013.

In the past, the relations were only developed around trade and investments, such as the forestry and garment sectors. Today the cooperation has been expanded to a number of mega projects and advanced industries. With US$27 billion in bilateral trade, South Korea became the fourth biggest trading partner of Indonesia in 2012. It became the third-biggest foreign investor in Indonesia, with US$1.94 billion in investment.[2]

There are large numbers of South Korean companies that have been investing and operating in Indonesia, such as Miwon (Daesang Corporation), Lotte, Yong Ma, Hankook Tire, Samsung, LG, Kia Motors, and Hyundai. In 2011, Hankook announced a US$353 million investment into a production plant located in Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia.[8]

In 2019, trade between Indonesia and South Korea was worth $15.65 billion, and between 2015-2019 South Korean companies invested nearly $7 billion in Indonesia. In December 2020, Indonesia and South Korea signed a comprehensive economic partnership. It is equivalent to a free trade agreement, though focuses on a broader scope of economic cooperation. Under the deal, Indonesia will scrap 94.8% of tariffs on South Korean products while South Korea will scrap 95.8% of tariffs on Indonesian products.[9][10][11]

Culture

Numerous Korean bands and artists performances, such as SMTown Live World Tour III and Music Bank World Tour, have performed in Indonesia. Korean pop culture has inspired Indonesian artists such as a male I-pop group named "S4" that has trained in Korea and has had performances there.[2]

State visits

President Chun Doo Hwan visited Indonesia in July 1981, and in the next year President Soeharto visited South Korea in October 1982. In November 1988 President Roh Tae Woo visited Indonesia. President Kim Young Sam visited Indonesia in November 1994. Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid visited South Korea twice in 2000, on February and on October, and in the same year, President Kim Dae Jung visited Indonesia in November. President Megawati Soekarnoputri visited South Korea in March 2002.

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono visited South Korea during an APEC Summit in November 2005. In December 2006, President Roh Moo Hyun visited Indonesia to sign a Joint Strategic Partnership between Indonesia and South Korea. President Yudhoyono visited Korea as a state guest in March 2012 and President Lee Myung-bak visited Bali to attend the Bali Democracy Forum in November 2012.

Country comparison
Official Name Republic of Indonesia Republic of Korea
Native NameRepublik Indonesia대한민국
Daehan Minguk
Coat of Arms
Flag
National Motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika
 홍익인간 / Hongik Ingan
National Anthem Indonesia Raya 애국가 / Aegukga
Population 273,221,505 50,924,172
Area 2,098,724 km2 (810,322 sq mi) 99,392 km2 (38,375 sq mi)
Population Density 138.61/km2 (359.0/sq mi) 491/km2 (1,270/sq mi)
Time zones 3 1
Capital Jakarta  Seoul
Largest Cities Jakarta – 10,770,487
Surabaya – 3,457,409		  Seoul – 9,838,892
Busan – 3,506,103
Government Unitary presidential constitutional republic Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Established 17 August 1945 (Declared)
27 December 1949 (Recognized)		 1 March 1919 (Declared)
15 August 1945 (Liberated)
Predecessor States Colonial Period (1512–1949)
Majapahit Empire (1293–1517)
Portuguese-colonized East Indies (1512–1850)
Dutch East India Company (1602–1800)
 Dutch East Indies (1800–1949)
Japanese-occupied Dutch East Indies (1942–1945)
Indonesian Republic (1945–1949)
Post–Colonial Period (1949–present)
United States of Indonesia (1949–1950)
 Republic of Indonesia 		Colonial Period (1905–1945)
Joseon State (1392–1897)
 Korean Empire (1897–1910)
Japanese Korea (1910–1945)
 Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (1919–1948)
Post–Colonial Period (1945–present)
Military Government in Korea (1945–1948)
Republic of Korea
First Leader Achmad Sukarno Syngman Rhee
Current Leaders President: Joko Widodo President: Moon Jae-in
Vice President: Ma'ruf Amin Prime Minister: Chung Sye-kyun
Legislature People's Consultative Assembly
Speaker: Bambang Soesatyo		 National Assembly
Speaker: Moon Hee-sang
Judiciary Constitutional Court
Chief Justice: Anwar Usman
Supreme Court
Chief Justice: Muhammad Hatta Ali
 Constitutional Court
President: Yoo Nam-seok
Supreme Court
Chief Justice: Kim Myeong-soo
Military Indonesian National Armed Forces
Commander: Hadi Tjahjanto
Republic of Korea Armed Forces
Chairman: Park Han-ki
Law Enforcement Agency Indonesian National Police Korean National Police Agency
Religion 87.2% Islam
7.0% Protestantism
2.9% Roman Catholicism
1.7% Hinduism
0.7% Buddhism
0.2% Confucianism		 56.9% No affiliation
19.7% Protestantism
15.5% Buddhism
7.9% Roman Catholicism
0.2% Cheondoism
Official languages Indonesian Korean
GDP (PPP) US$3.010 trillion ($11,633 per capita) US$$1,498 trillion ($29,114 per capita)

See also

Notes
  1. Seulki Lee; Wibisono Notodirdjo; Sadika Hamid (23 May 2013). "Indonesia, S. Korea Lay Groundwork for Middle Power Partnership". en.tempo.co. Tempo.co. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  2. Veeramalla Anjaiah (March 8, 2013). "40 years of friendship: S. Korea, Indonesia embark on stronger strategic partnership". www.thejakartapost.com. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
  3. 2014 World Service Poll BBC
  4. Reid, Anthony (1992). "The Rise and Fall of Sino-Javanese Shipping". In Houben, V.J.H.; Maier, H.M.J.; Van der Molen, W. (eds.). Looking in Odd Mirrors: The Java Sea. Leiden, The Netherlands: Leiden University Department of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 177–211. ISBN 9789073084063. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  5. Indonesia teams up with S. Korea to develop fighter jet Archived 2016-12-27 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Junotane Korea - Foreign Affairs Archived 2012-07-09 at Archive.today
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-11-27. Retrieved 2013-06-10.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. Rangga D Fadillah. "Hankook announces US$353 million investment". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 2011-01-24.
  9. Post, The Jakarta. "Indonesia, South Korea sign CEPA to boost trade, investment". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2021-01-07.
  10. "S. Korea, Indonesia Sign CEPA". world.kbs.co.kr. Retrieved 2021-01-07.
  11. Reuters Staff (2020-12-18). "South Korea and Indonesia sign deal to boost trade, investment". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-01-07.
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