Illinois's 4th congressional district

The 4th congressional district of Illinois includes part of Cook County, and has been represented by Democrat Jesús "Chuy" García since January 2019.

Illinois's 4th congressional district
Illinois's 4th congressional district since January 3, 2013
Representative
  Chuy García
D–Chicago
Area52 sq mi (130 km2)
Distribution
  • 100.0% urban
  • 0.0% rural
Population (2019)676,674
Median household
income		$59,548[1]
Ethnicity
Cook PVID+33[3][4]

In November 2017, incumbent Luis Gutiérrez announced that he would retire from Congress at the end of his current term, and not seek re-election in 2018.[5][6] Jesús "Chuy" García was elected on November 6, 2018.

It was featured by The Economist as one of the most strangely drawn and gerrymandered congressional districts in the country[7] and has been nicknamed "earmuffs" due to its shape.[8] It was created after federal courts ordered the creation of a majority-Hispanic district in the Chicago area. The Illinois General Assembly responded by packing two majority Hispanic parts of Chicago into a single district.

This district covers two strips running east–west across the city of Chicago, on the west side continuing into smaller portions of some suburban areas in Cook County, surrounding Illinois's 7th congressional district. The northern portion is largely Puerto Rican, while the southern portion is heavily Mexican-American. The two sections are only connected by a piece of Interstate 294 to the west; the highway is in the district while the surrounding areas are not. It is the smallest congressional district in area outside New York City and California.[9]

Voting
Election results from presidential races
Year Office Results
2000 President Gore 76 – 19%
2004 President Kerry 79 – 21%
2008 President Obama 81 – 18%
2012 President Obama 81 – 17%
2016 President Clinton 82 – 13%
2020 President Biden 81 – 17%

Geography

The 4th District includes the Chicago community of Brighton Park, in addition to almost all of Hermosa, Lower West Side and Gage Park; parts of Albany Park, Irving Park, Avondale, Logan Square, West Town, Humboldt Park, Belmont Cragin, Austin, McKinley Park, South Lawndale, New City, West Elsdon and Archer Heights; portions of riverfront Bridgeport; the portion of North Center southwest of Clybourn Avenue; and the northwestern tip of Lincoln Park.

Since the 2011 redistricting, the district also includes portions of Berwyn, Brookfield, Cicero, Lyons, Melrose Park, Riverside, and Elmwood Park.[10]

History
2003 - 2013

The Illinois 4th Congressional District was originally formed in 1842. It included 17 counties, which were Cook, Lake, McHenry, Boone, De Kalb, Kane, Du Page, Will, Kendall, Grundy, La Salle, Bureau, Livingston, Iroquois, McLean, Vermilion and Champaign Counties. Beyond this Ford and Kankakee Counties were part of Vermillion and Iroquois Counties respectively at this point and thus in the district's boundaries.[11]

In the redistricting following the 1990 United States Census, Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley and Governor Jim Edgar both wanted a Latino district, as Latinos were the fastest growing demographic group in the state at the time. In June 1991, Congressman Dennis Hastert, a suburban Republican, filed a federal lawsuit claiming that the existing congressional map was unconstitutional;[12] the present congressional district boundaries emerged as a result of that lawsuit. A three-judge panel of the federal district court adopted the map proposed by Hastert and other Republican members of the Illinois Congressional delegation.[13] Subsequent lawsuits challenging the redistricting as racially biased[14] did not succeed in redrawing the district boundaries. The district, as it was in 2009, was in some places less than 50 metres wide and parts covered no more than one city block.[15]


List of members representing the district
Representative Party Years Cong
ress		 Notes
District created March 4, 1843

John Wentworth		 Democratic March 4, 1843 –
March 3, 1851		 28th
29th
30th
31st		 [data unknown/missing]
Richard S. Molony Democratic March 4, 1851 –
March 3, 1853		 32nd [data unknown/missing]

James Knox		 Whig March 4, 1853 –
March 3, 1855		 33rd [data unknown/missing]
Opposition March 4, 1855 –
March 3, 1857		 34th

William Kellogg		 Republican March 4, 1857 –
March 3, 1863		 35th
36th
37th		 [data unknown/missing]

Charles M. Harris		 Democratic March 4, 1863 –
March 3, 1865		 38th [data unknown/missing]

Abner C. Harding		 Republican March 4, 1865 –
March 3, 1869		 39th
40th		 [data unknown/missing]

John B. Hawley		 Republican March 4, 1869 –
March 3, 1873		 41st
42nd		 Redistricted to the 6th district.

Stephen A. Hurlbut		 Republican March 4, 1873 –
March 3, 1877		 43rd
44th		 [data unknown/missing]
William Lathrop Republican March 4, 1877 –
March 3, 1879		 45th [data unknown/missing]
John C. Sherwin Republican March 4, 1879 –
March 3, 1883		 46th
47th		 [data unknown/missing]

George E. Adams		 Republican March 4, 1883 –
March 3, 1891		 48th
49th
50th
51st		 [data unknown/missing]

Walter C. Newberry		 Democratic March 4, 1891 –
March 3, 1893		 52nd [data unknown/missing]

Julius Goldzier		 Democratic March 4, 1893 –
March 3, 1895		 53rd [data unknown/missing]

Charles W. Woodman		 Republican March 4, 1895 –
March 3, 1897		 54th [data unknown/missing]

Daniel W. Mills		 Republican March 4, 1897 –
March 3, 1899		 55th [data unknown/missing]

Thomas Cusack		 Democratic March 4, 1899 –
March 3, 1901		 56th [data unknown/missing]

James McAndrews		 Democratic March 4, 1901 –
March 3, 1903		 57th Redistricted to the 5th district.

George P. Foster		 Democratic March 4, 1903 –
March 3, 1905		 58th Redistricted from the 3rd district.
Charles S. Wharton Republican March 4, 1905 –
March 3, 1907		 59th [data unknown/missing]

James T. McDermott		 Democratic March 4, 1907 –
July 21, 1914		 60th
61st
62nd
63rd		 Resigned.
Vacant July 21, 1914 –
March 3, 1915		 63rd

James T. McDermott		 Democratic March 4, 1915 –
March 3, 1917		 64th Re-elected to fill his own seat

Charles Martin		 Democratic March 4, 1917 –
October 28, 1917		 65th Died.
Vacant October 28, 1917 –
April 2, 1918		 65th

John W. Rainey		 Democratic April 2, 1918 –
May 4, 1923		 65th
66th
67th
68th		 Elected to finish Martin's term.
Died.
Vacant May 4, 1923 –
November 6, 1923		 68th

Thomas A. Doyle		 Democratic November 6, 1923 –
March 3, 1931		 68th
69th
70th
71st		 Elected to finish Rainey's term.
[data unknown/missing]
Harry P. Beam Democratic March 4, 1931 –
December 6, 1942		 72nd
73rd
74th
75th
76th
77th		 Resigned after being elected judge of the Municipal Court of Chicago
Vacant December 6, 1942 –
January 3, 1943		 77th

Martin Gorski		 Democratic January 3, 1943 –
January 3, 1949		 78th
79th
80th		 Redistricted to the 5th district.

James V. Buckley		 Democratic January 3, 1949 –
January 3, 1951		 81st [data unknown/missing]

William E. McVey		 Republican January 3, 1951 –
August 10, 1958		 82nd
83rd
84th
85th		 Died.
Vacant August 10, 1958 –
January 3, 1959		 85th

Ed Derwinski		 Republican January 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1983		 86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th
95th
96th
97th		 [data unknown/missing]

George M. O'Brien		 Republican January 3, 1983 –
July 17, 1986		 98th
99th		 Redistricted from the 17th district.

Died.
Vacant July 17, 1986 –
January 3, 1987		 99th

Jack Davis		 Republican January 3, 1987 –
January 3, 1989		 100th [data unknown/missing]

George E. Sangmeister		 Democratic January 3, 1989 –
January 3, 1993		 101st
102nd		 Redistricted to the 11th district.

Luis Gutiérrez		 Democratic January 3, 1993 –
January 3, 2019		 103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th
112th
113th
114th
115th		 Retired.

Jesús "Chuy" García		 Democratic January 3, 2019 –
Present		 116th
117th		 Elected in 2018.

Election results

2012


Illinois's 4th congressional district, 2012[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Luis Gutiérrez (incumbent) 133,226 83.0
Republican Héctor Concepción 27,279 17.0
Independent Ymelda Viramontes 4 0.0
Total votes 160,509 100.0
Democratic hold

2014
Illinois's 4th congressional district, 2014[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Luis Gutiérrez (incumbent) 79,666 78.1
Republican Hector Concepción 22,278 21.9
Total votes 101,944 100.0
Democratic hold

2016
Illinois's 4th congressional district, 2016 [17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Luis Gutiérrez (incumbent) 171,297 100.0
Total votes 171,297 100.0
Democratic hold

2018
Illinois's 4th congressional district, 2018[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jesús "Chuy" García 143,895 86.6
Republican Mark Lorch 22,294 13.4
Total votes 166,189 100.0
Democratic hold

2020
Illinois's 4th congressional district, 2020[19][20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Jesús "Chuy" García (incumbent) 187,219 84.05 -2.54%
Republican Jesus E. Solorio Jr. 35,518 15.95 +2.54%
Total votes 222,737 100.0
Democratic hold


See also

References
  1. https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=17&cd=04
  2. https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=17&cd=04
  3. "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  4. Barone, Michael; McCutcheon, Chuck (2013). The Almanac of American Politics 2014. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10544-4. Copyright National Journal.
  5. Pearson, Rick; Byrne, John (November 28, 2017). "U.S. Rep. Luis Gutierrez won't run again, wants to rebuild Puerto Rico". ChicagoTribune. Chicago. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  6. Korecki, Natasha (November 27, 2017). "Gutierrez won't seek reelection". Politico. Arlington, VA. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  7. The Economist (April 25, 2002). "How to rig an election".
  8. Aaron Blake (July 27, 2011). "Name that district! (Gerrymandering edition)". Washington Post. Retrieved July 28, 2011.
  9. "Congressional Districts by Land Area (National)". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original (ASCII text) on August 1, 2007. Retrieved 2006-11-11.
  10. Illinois Congressional District 4, Illinois Board of Elections
  11. Parson, Stanley B., William W. Beach and Michael J. Durbin. United States Congressional Districts and Data, 1843–1883 (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1986) p. 9
  12. Hastert v. State Bd. of Elections, 777 F.Supp. 634, 638 (N.D.Ill.1991).
  13. O'Grady, Patrick. "Illinois Redistricting History Since 1970" (PDF). Illinois General Assembly. p. 9. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
  14. James R. KING, v. State Bd. of Elections et al.. See ;
  15. John N. Friedman; Richard T. Holden. "The Rising Incumbent Reelection Rate: What'sGerrymandering Got to Do With It?". ResearchGate. The Journal of Politics. p. 5. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  16. "2012 General Election Official Vote Totals" (PDF). Illinois State Board of Elections. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 19, 2013. Retrieved March 26, 2012.
  18. "2018 General Election Official Vote Totals Book".
  19. "Election Results 2020 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections. 2020-12-04. Retrieved 2020-12-04.
  20. "Illinois 2020 Election Results". Chicago Sun-Times. November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.

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