Holistic grading

Holistic grading, in standards-based education, is an approach to scoring essays using a simple grading structure that bases a grade on a paper's overall quality.[1] This type of grading, which is also described as nonreductionist grading,[2] contrasts with analytic grading,[3] which takes more factors into account when assigning a grade. Holistic grading can also be used to assess classroom-based work. Rather than counting errors, a paper is judged holistically and often compared to an anchor paper to evaluate if it meets a writing standard.[4]

Model

While analytic grading involves criterion-by-criterion judgments, holistic grading appraises student works as integrated entities. In holistic grading, the learner's performance is approached as one and cannot be reduced or divided into several component performances. [5] Here, teachers are required to consider specific aspects of the student's answer as well as the quality of the whole.[6]

Holistic grading operates by distinguishing satisfactory performance from one that is simply adequate or outstanding.[2]

Projects using holistic grading

Many institutions use holistic grading when evaluating student writing as part of a graduation requirement.[3] Some examples include:

References
  1. Nordquist, Richard (March 7, 2017). "What Is Holistic Grading?". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  2. Bishop, Alan; Clements, M. A. (Ken); Keitel-Kreidt, Christine; Kilpatrick, Jeremy; Laborde, Colette (2012). International Handbook of Mathematics Education. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 354–355. ISBN 978-94-010-7155-0.
  3. "Know Your Terms: Holistic, Analytic, and Single-Point Rubrics". Cult of Pedagogy. 2014-05-01. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  4. "Holistic Scoring in More Detail". writing.colostate.edu. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  5. Joughin, Gordon (2008). Assessment, Learning and Judgement in Higher Education. Cham: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-4020-8904-6.
  6. Franck, Olof (2017). Assessment in Ethics Education: A Case of National Tests in Religious Education. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. p. 72. ISBN 978-3-319-50768-2.
  7. "NCEA External Assessment: Grade Score Marking". www.nzqa.govt.nz. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  8. "How the GRE General Test is Scored (For Test Takers)". www.ets.org. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
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