Hamsanandi

Hamsanandi (pronounced hamsānandi) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a hexatonic scale (shadava rāgam, which means "of 6"). It is a derived scale (janya rāgam), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes). Hamsanandi is a janya rāgam of Gamanashrama, the 53rd Melakarta rāgam. It has only the invariant panchamam missing from its parent scale, Gamanashrama, like Shree ranjani.[1]

Hamsanandi
ArohanamS R₁ G₃ M₂ D₂ N₃ Ṡ
AvarohanamṠ N₃ D₂ M₂ G₃ R₁ S
Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style Tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇā
Veṇu
Nādasvaraṃ
Goṭṭuvādyaṃ (Citra Vīṇā)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghaṭaṃ
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

Sohni raga in Hindustani classical music that belongs to the Marwa thaat resembles Hamsanandi.[1][2]

Structure and Lakshana
Hamsanandi scale with shadjam at C

Hamsanandi is a symmetric scale that does not contain panchamam. It is called a shadava-shadava rāgam,[1][2] in Carnatic music classification (as it has 6 notes in both ascending and descending scales). Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

This scale uses the notes shadjam, shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, prati madhyamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham and kakali nishadam.

Hamsanandi is an evening rāgam.[1] It has ample scope for alapana and swara prasthara (phrases of notes). This scale has been used by many composers for compositions in classical music. It has been used to score film music too. Here are some popular compositions in Hamsanandi.

Film Songs

Language:Tamil
Song Movie Composer Singer
Thesulaavudhe Then Malaraale Manaalane Mangaiyin Baakkiyam P. Adinarayana Rao Ghantasala, P. Susheela
Kaalaiyum Neeye Then Nilavu A. M. Rajah A. M. Rajah, S. Janaki
Ninaithal Podhum Aaduven Nenjirukkum Varai M. S. Viswanathan S. Janaki
Ennakoduppan Karnan Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy P. B. Sreenivas
Ezhumalai Irukka Thirumalai Deivam Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan K. B. Sundarambal
Vedham Anuvilum Salangai Oli Illayaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. P. Sailaja
Nee Paadum Paadal Enkeyo Ketta Kural S. Janaki
Putham Puthu Thalapathi K.J. Yesudas, S. Janaki
Or Poomalai Iniya Uravu Poothathu Mano, K. S. Chithra
Raaga Theebam Yetrum Payanangal Mudivathillai S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Oru Pooncholai Vaathiyaar Veettu Pillai S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
Ganakkuyilae Pooncholai S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Bhavatharini
Raathiriyil Poothirukum Thanagamagan S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Vaanam Niram Maarum Dhavani Kanavugal
Devi Devi Naan Adimai Illai Vijay Anand
Pottu Vaithu Poomudikkum Ninaithen Vandhai Deva S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha
Anbe Anbe Chinna Raja P. Unnikrishnan
Oh Vennila Senbaga Thottam Sirpy K.J. Yesudas
O Kannukkul Dhinamdhorum Oviyan P. Unnikrishnan, Swarnalatha

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Scale similarities
  • Sunadavinodini is a popular rāgam which sounds similar to Hamsanandi, which does not have the shuddha rishabham. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S G₃ M₂ D₂ N₃ Ṡ: Ṡ N₃ D₂ M₂ G₃ S

Notes
  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S Ṟ G M̄ D N Ṡ
    • Western: C D♭ E F♯ A B C
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ N D M̄ G Ṟ S
    • Western: C B A F♯ E D♭ C

References
  1. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
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