Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia

The Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia (Malay: Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia (JBPM), Jawi: جابتن بومبا دان ڤڽلامت مليسيا), commonly known as Bomba, is a federal agency of Malaysia responsible for firefighting and technical rescue. Bomba is a Malay word derived from the Portuguese bombeiros which means 'firefighters'.

Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia
Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia
جابتن بومبا دان ڤڽلامت مليسيا
(JBPM)
Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia Coat of Arms

Flag of the Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department
Agency overview
Formed1883 (1883)
JurisdictionGovernment of Malaysia
HeadquartersFire and Rescue Department of Malaysia Headquarters, Putrajaya
Motto"Sedia Menyelamat", "Cepat Dan Mesra"
(English: "Ready To Rescue","Fast And Friendly")
Employees13,446 personnel (Feb 2013)
Minister responsible
Deputy Minister responsible
Agency executive
  • Datuk Seri Mohammad Hamdan bin Hj. Wahid., Director General of Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia
Parent departmentMinistry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local Government
Websitewww.bomba.gov.my

History

Firefighting services in Malaysia started in 1883 with the establishment of the Selangor fire and rescue volunteers' headed by H.F. Bellamy with 15 active personnel. In 1946, after World War II, the Malayan Union Fire Services (MUS) was formed and Flight Lt. W.J. Gerumandi was appointed as the Director of the Malayan Union Fire Services based in Kuala Lumpur.

As a result of the Federation of Malaya agreement, the responsibility firefighting services were handed over to the individual state governments. The services were then integrated as a federal-level department on 1 January 1976, reporting to the Ministry of Housing and Local Government. On 15 May 1981, the department was renamed as the Malaysian Fire Services Department.

On 8 January 1997, the Malaysian Ministerial Cabinet agreed to change the coat of arms, flag and name of the Malaysian Fire Services Department to the Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department. This was officially launched in a ceremony at the Genting Highlands Fire and Rescue Station in Pahang on 21 February 1997, by Prime Minister of Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad.

Insignia

Flag

The JBPM flag is divided into 2 sections; a red triangle with the department crest and a golden yellow and blue striped triangle.

Red

Red symbolises courage that is shown by firefighters in the line of duty during fire and rescue operations.

Yellow & Blue Stripes

The 15 yellow and blue stripes represent the fifteen state-level fire and rescue departments throughout Malaysia.

Yellow

The colour yellow symbolises the department's high level of commitment to the public and stakeholders in the direction of a world-class firefighting service and also their loyalty to King and country.

Blue

The colour blue reflects the importance of water which is used as the department's main medium of extinguishing fires and emphasises the safeguarding the environment while carrying out emergency operations.

Crest
Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department Coat of Arms

Crescent and Star

The Crescent and Star signifies Islam as the guiding principle of the department.

Firefighter helmet and crossed axes

The helmet and crossed axes symbolises the importance of safety to every firefighter serving in the department.

Paddy Flower

The semicircular grains of paddy symbolises the nine State Monarchy as well as the department's ability to carry out its duties in accordance with the Fire Services Act 1988.

Clove hitch

The Clove hitch represents the department's expertise in carrying out rescue work.

Red and Yellow

The colour red symbolises courage, while yellow symbolises the department's high level of commitment to the public and stakeholders in the direction of a world-class firefighting service and also their loyalty to King and country.

JBPM pledge

Section 5(1) & (2) Fire Services Act 1988 (Act 341) stipulates that the duties of the Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department firefighter are as follows:

  1. Extinguishing, fighting, preventing and controlling fires.
  2. Protect life and property in case of fire.
  3. Determining fire exits, maintenance and regulation.
  4. Carry out investigations into the cause, origin and circumstances of a fire.
  5. Perform humanitarian services, including protection of life and property during the occurrence of any disaster.

JBPM firefighters can be called upon to perform duties beyond his/her duties under subsection (1), perform any other tasks entrusted to it by law or otherwise called upon by the minister to be carried out.

Organisational Structure

Federal Level
Appointment Rank Abbreviation Name
Director General of JBPM Chief Fire Commissioner KPjB Datuk Seri Mohammad Hamdan Bin Haji Wahid
Deputy Director General of JBPM (Operations) Fire Commissioner PjB Dato' Abdul Wahab Bin Md Yassin
Deputy Director General of JBPM (Development) Deputy Fire Commissioner TPjB Dato' Haji Soiman Bin Hj.Jahid
Assistant Director General of the Fire and Rescue Operations Deputy Fire Commissioner TPjB Dato' Nor Hisham Bin Mohamad
Assistant Director General of the Fire Safety Deputy Fire Commissioner TPjB Edwin Galan Teruki
Assistant Director General of the Fire Investigation Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Ahmad Izram Bin Osman
Assistant Director General of the Air Wing Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Nazili Bin Hj. Mahmood
Assistant Director General of Planning and Research Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Dato' Yusof Bin Sidek
Assistant Director General of the Training Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Abdul Razak Bin Muda
Assistant Director General of Development Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Othman Bin Abdullah
Director of Administration Aidi Azli Bin Wahit
Director of Engineering Equipment Amran Ahmad

State Branch Director
Appointment Rank Abbreviation Name
Selangor JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Haji Norazam Bin Khamis
Kuala Lumpur JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Nordin Bin Pauzi
Johore JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Dato' Haji Yahaya Bin Haji Madis
Pahang JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Nor Hisham Bin Mohammad
Perak JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Azmi bin Osman
Kedah JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Sayani Binti Haji Saidon
Penang JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Saadon Bin Mokhtar
Sabah JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Kamarulzaman Malik Abdullah
Sarawak JBPM Director Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner PKPjB Khirudin Bin Drahman @ Hussaini
Terengganu JBPM Director Assistant Fire Commissioner PPjB Hj. Md Hilman Bin Abdul Rashid
Kelantan JBPM Director Assistant Fire Commissioner PPjB Md Salleh Bin Sarbini
Negeri Sembilan JBPM Director Assistant Fire Commissioner PPjB Hamdan bin Ali
Malacca JBPM Director Assistant Fire Commissioner PPjB Abu Obaidat Bin Hj. Mohamad
Perlis JBPM Director Senior Fire Superintendent I PgKB I Ruhisha Bin Haris
Putrajaya JBPM Director Senior Fire Superintendent I PgKB I Hafizal Bin Mohamad Razali
Labuan JBPM Director Senior Fire Superintendent I PgKB I Ismaidi Bin Hj Ismail

Fire and Rescue Academy

There are five Fire and Rescue Academy of Malaysia (FRAM) (Malay: Akademi Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia) campuses which includes:

  1. FRAM Central Region, Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor.
  2. FRAM Eastern Region, Wakaf Tapai, Marang, Terengganu.
  3. FRAM Northern Region, Tronoh, Perak.
  4. FRAM Sabah Region, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
  5. FRAM Sarawak Region, Kuching, Sarawak.

FRAM offers certificate and diploma level courses in fire and rescue.

FRAM has a Band Unit which is attached to FRAM Central Region.

Auxiliary Fire Service & Volunteer Firefighting Teams

On 4 May 2014, the Malaysian Government re-established the Auxiliary Fire Service (Malay: Pasukan Bomba Bantuan) in conjunction with the International Firefighters' Day celebrations at Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur.[1] The re-establishment was officiated by the then Deputy Prime Minister, Tan Sri Muhyidin Yassin. Historically, the Auxiliary Fire Service was first formed in 1940, After World War 2, they were absorbed into the regular fire services.

There are differences between Auxiliaries and Volunteers. Auxiliary Firefighters (Malay: Pegawai Bomba Bantuan; PBB) are formally trained at FRAM while the Volunteer Firefighters receive their training at state and district fire stations.[2] Auxiliary Firefighters are governed by the Fire Services Act 1988 and receive an allowance from the government. Volunteer Firefighters do not receive allowances from the government but are citizen volunteers serving as part of Volunteer Firefighting Teams based at Volunteer Fire Stations paid for by their local community. They are covered through insurance paid for by the Malaysian Government. Previously registered and governed by the Registrar of Societies, Volunteer Firefighters will now be registered and governed directly by the Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department after Parliament passed the Fire Services (Amendment) Act 2018 [3]

Mountain Search And Rescue

After the 5th of June 2015 Sabah earthquake which affected Ranau and Mount Kinabalu, a specialist Mountain Search and Rescue team (MOSAR) was formed out of the Kinabalu Mountain Guides of Sabah Parks on the 23rd of June 2015.[4] In a ceremony at Ranau Fire Station, 20 Kinabalu Mountain Guides were appointed as Auxiliary Firefighters and designated as the founding members of MOSAR. The ceremony was officiated by the then Minister of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local Government, Datuk Abdul Rahman Dahlan.[5]

MOSAR takes its place amongst Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department's specialist rescue units which includes the Special Tactical Operation and Rescue Team of Malaysia (STORM) and the Multi Skill Team (MUST).

Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force

Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force (Malay: Pasukan Bomba dan Penyelamat Sukarela; BOMPENS) traces their history way back since year 1883. The modern Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force was formed in 1987 and protected under Section 62 (1) (CA) Fire and Rescue Services Act 1988. Each Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force has their own Fire Stations, Firetrucks and equipment; which usually sponsored by local industry.

The primary role of the Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force is to perform Firefighting operations in their community. In case of fire emergency happen in their community, the volunteers will be first there to control if not extinguish the fire.[6] The secondary role is to be the link between JBPM and their local community. They also entrusted by JBPM to spread awareness regarding to fire safety.

The Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force will be training regularly by district fire stations so they and their equipment in good shape for fire emergency.[7] The volunteers can be easily identified by their yellow Firefighting Operations Dress.

Uniform
Regular firefighters on standby taking a group photo at fire stations in Sandakan, Sabah.
Photo by CEphoto, Uwe Aranas
Sniffing dog from K9 Unit in rescue training session.
Note the different style of camouflage uniform and helmet worn by JBPM Special Forces

Blue Working Dress

JBPM start using 'Very Dark Corn Flower Blue' for their official duty uniform since 1997.[8] Before that, JBPM personnel wear Khaki colour working uniform.

The blue bush jacket uniform is worn by all JBPM ranks during official duties while the tuck-in blue uniform version is worn during the parades.

Orange Camouflage Dress

This dress is devoted to carrying out special tasks, rescue operations and other operations that do not involve Firefighting. This dress can also be worn when doing the daily work at the fire station or the official parade in which its use is as instructed.

Red Beret

Both JBPM personnel and Auxiliary Firefighters are awarded with red beret with black lining behind the insignia once they finish their basic fire and rescue training at FRAM.

For Volunteer Fire and Rescue Force, it differs depending to the state. In Kedah, the volunteers wear maroon beret with red lining behind the JBPM insignia while in Penang, they wear red beret similar to the regular force but without the black lining. Firefighter Cadets wear dark navy blue beret instead.

Firefighting Operations Dress

This fire retardant dress is worn during Firefighting operations and exercise that involving with fire. This dress can also be worn during the official parade if instructed.

There are a few colour of the Firefighting operations dress. Orange is worn by regular firefighters, yellow is worn by volunteer firefighters and black is worn by JBPM Officers (ranking from Assistant Fire Superintendent to Chief Fire Commissioner).

Rank
# Rank Abbreviation Rank (English) Grade Epaulet
Shoulder Board Collar Badge
Penguasa Bomba (Fire Superintendent)
1 Ketua Pesuruhjaya Bomba KPjB Chief Fire Commissioner JUSA A
2 Pesuruhjaya Bomba PjB Fire Commissioner JUSA B
3 Timbalan Pesuruhjaya Bomba TPjB Deputy Fire Commissioner JUSA C
4 Penolong Kanan Pesuruhjaya Bomba PKPjB Senior Assistant Fire Commissioner KB 54
5 Penolong Pesuruhjaya Bomba PPjB Assistant Fire Commissioner KB 52
6 Penguasa Kanan Bomba I PgKB I Senior Fire Superintendent I KB 48
7 Penguasa Kanan Bomba II PgKB II Senior Fire Superintendent II KB 44
8 Penguasa Bomba PgB Fire Superintendent KB 41
Penolong Penguasa Bomba (Assistant Fire Superintendent)
9 Timbalan Penguasa Bomba TPgB Deputy Fire Superintendent KB 38
10 Penolong Kanan Penguasa Bomba PKPgB Senior Assistant Fire Superintendent KB 32
11 Penolong Penguasa Bomba PPgB Assistant Fire Superintendent KB 29
Pegawai Bomba (Fire Officer)
12 Pegawai Bomba Tinggi PBT Leading Fire Officer KB 26
13 Pegawai Bomba Kanan I PBK I Senior Fire Officer I KB 24
14 Pegawai Bomba Kanan II PBK II Senior Fire Officer II KB 22
15 Pegawai Bomba PB Fire Officer KB 19 No Insignia

List of ranks

Special Operations

Pasukan Khas Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia (English: JBPM Special Forces) is a term used by JBPM to its special trained firefighters.

To differentiate with regular firefighters, Special Force firefighters worn unit patch on the right shoulder and using different styles of camouflage and operations uniform.

MUST Team, Smoke Jumpers, PASKUB and STORM can be sent to overseas to help handling any disaster.

HAZMAT Unit Team

Formed on 29 October 1992 after Bright Sparklers Fireworks disaster incident,[9] Hazardous Material Unit Team or commonly known as "HAZMAT" is a JBPM's Special Force trusted to handle with five types of hazard which is:

  1. Handling hazardous chemical spills.
  2. Decontaminate JBPM personnel that have been exposed to hazardous materials.
  3. Handling radioactive and radiation-emitting materials.
  4. Handling fire caused by hazardous materials.
  5. Handling Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Exposure (CBRNe) during wartime.

MUST Team
MUST conducting helicopter exercises

Multi-Skill Team (MUST) is an elite airborne team of JBPM.[10] Formed on 11 September 1998, MUST is formed by combining all special trained firefighters into one team and supported by helicopters from JBPM Air Wing.[11]

MUST conduct and support operations such as:

All MUST members are train in helicopter-borne, emergency management in aircraft, jungle survival and sea-land navigation.

Elite JBPM Rescue Swimmer Unit is attached to MUST.

RIM
A visitor posing with JBPM RIM's Honda ST 1300cc during a carnival

Rapid Intervention Motorcycle Team (RIM) was formed in 1999 to tackle problems of late arriving rescue caused by traffic jammed in the big city.[12] With superbikes equip with basic Firefighting and rescue equipment, RIM team can handle small scale fire and Road and Traffic Accident (RTA) without having traffic problems.[13] During bigger scale of fire, RIM team will arrive early and assess the size and type of incident, building and materials involve and victim if any. RIM team also will help control the traffic for the fire truck movement.

Water Rescue Unit

Pasukan Penyelamat Dalam Air (PPDA); also known as Water Rescue Unit role is to deal with incidents and emergencies that occur in the water. This unit consists of qualified officers and men trained at local and overseas diving training centre. All members of the JBPM Water Rescue Unit are a certified diver from the National Association of Underwater Instructors (NAUI).[14]

PASKUB

Pasukan Khas Udara Bomba (PASKUB) (English: Bomba Special Air Services) is a command for elite Smokejumper with support of helicopters from JBPM Air Wing.

Smoke Jumpers Unit (Malay: Unit Payung Terjun Bomba) is an elite unit of JBPM and trained in parachute insertion (static line and freefall), helicopter-borne operation and jungle survival.[15] The formation of elite Smoke Jumper begins in year 2000 after JBPM send 5 firefighters to enter Basic Static Line Parachuting Course held at Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) Sempang Air Force Base, Sungai Besi as Smoke Jumper pioneer team.[16] The course is conducted by RMAF Special Operations Force, PASKAU until 2007 when JBPM established their own Static Ramp Air Course.[17] Among the task of Smoke Jumper is:

Smoke Jumper enjoys good relations with Malaysian Armed Force Special Operations Forces as they always train with RMAF PASKAU, Malaysian Army Grup Gerak Khas from PULPAK and Royal Malaysian Police VAT 69 Commando.[18]

EMRS

Emergency Medical Rescue Services (EMRS) Team was formed in 2006 with cooperation from the Malaysian Ministry of Health and Malaysian Association of Traumatology and Emergency Medicine (MASTEM). EMRS was established as a Special Force Paramedic to rescue and conduct medical care to other JBPM Special Forces members if any incident occurs to them.[19] However, EMRS can rescue and conduct medical care to civilian if there is no other ambulance or paramedic from the Malaysian Ministry of Health or State Health Department around.

Typically, EMRS team is assigned to HAZMAT and Water Rescue unit and EMRS vehicle will go out in pairs with the other JBPM Special Forces vehicle to operations. EMRS members also usually tasked as paramedics during JBPM Special Forces and Special Operations Forces Selections.[20]

Some EMRS members are trained in HAZMAT and Scuba diving.

K9 Unit

K9 Management Unit uses trained dogs to operate in the Search and Rescue (SAR) operations and investigation. K9 Unit can be attached to the regular firefighting unit or JBPM Special Forces thus all dog handlers together with their dogs are trained for a variety of situations, including the urban and the jungle operations.

Special Force Boat Team

A support team task to support JBPM Special Forces with water transportation during operations involving of lake, river and sea. The boat crews are trained in water survival and able to perform water rescue to JBPM personnel and civilians if things go south.

STORM

 


Special Tactical Operation and Rescue Team of Malaysia (STORM) unit is a part of the Malaysian Rapid Deployment Force (Malay: Pasukan Aturgerak Cepat; PAC) together with 10 Parachute Brigade (10 PARA) but with different task and role. Formed in March 2011, STORM is an award-winning[21] Search and Rescue (SAR) experts and on standby for 24/7 at JBPM Airbases and State Branch Headquarters. Storm unit mainly task with SAR operations involving:[22][23]
 


Dubbed as Komando Bomba (English: Bomba Commando or Korean: 봄바 꼬만도), to be selected as STORM members, firefighters need to pass the rigorous selection course which is on par as Basic Commando Course.[24] Eligibility requirements including Individual Physical Proficiency Test (IPPT) standards of physical fitness that is also used by the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), Singapore Police Force (SPF) and Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) before trainee can even enter the Basic Storm Course.[25] Once pass the Storm Survival Course, the graduate will receive a tactical knife same as used by RMAF PASKAU, STORM patch and permission to wear STORM Red Helmet and STORM Version Camouflage Dress.[26]



Many of STORM members are drawn from Water Rescue Unit (PPDA), EMRS, HAZMAT Unit and MUST.[27]



For big operations, STORM work together with other federal SAR Special Force; Special Malaysia Disaster Assistance and Rescue Team (SMART) which under administration of the National Security Council.[28] They are usually supported by the jungle experts, the aboriginal police unit; Senoi Praaq, Royal Malaysian Police's (RMP) VAT 69 Commando and General Operations Force, Malaysian Armed Force special operations force and Malaysian Civil Defence Force.








    
Current inventory

    

    

    
Vehicles

    











    


  • Honda ST 1300 Pan European, VFR 800 – Rapid intervention motorcycles.
    • 

  • Honda 6x6 All-Terrain Vehicle – Off-Road Rescue missions and forest firefighting.
    • 

  • Isuzu Morita Super Gyro Turntable Ladder – 4WD rescue vehicle.
    • 

  • Scania Medium Fire Rescue Tender
    • 

  • Magirus TL30 Turn table ladder.
    • 

  • Scania HAZMAT tender.
    • 

  • Scania Exhibition and Information Vehicle.
    • 

  • Scania P31D Multilift Pod Carriers (Mobile/Modular Command Post, Rescue equipments).
    • 

  • Mercedes-Benz Atego – Light fire rescue tender:
    • 

  • Mercedes-Benz Actros 1831/Amdac-Magirus – Turntable ladder.
    • 

  • Mercedes-Benz Actros 3335/Amdac-Magirus – Turntable ladder.
    • 

  • Mercedes-Benz Actros – Pumper/Heavy tanker/Water tender.
    • 

  • Volvo N1227 Numela 30m Skylift HP – Bought in the early 80's, SLEP Programme Upgrades (on 2003), gradually to be phased-out.
    • 

  • GMC C3500 – Rapid intervention fire rescue tender.
    • 

  • Ford F350 XL – Rapid intervention fire rescue tender:
    • 

  • Ford Ranger Everest 4WD Command Vehicle.
    • 

  • Mitsubishi Pajero – (Gradually being replaced with Toyota Hilux) 4WD Fire Commander Vehicle.
    • 

  • DRB-Hicom Handalan Mk 2 – 4WD General purpose 3 tonne truck with rear lift.
    • 

  • Perodua Rusa Utility Van – Gradually being phased out. Replaced with Nissan Urvan Utility Van/MPV, Jinbei Haise Utility Van/MPV.
    • 

  • Kia Pregio – Fire investigation/forensics vehicle.
    • 

  • Scania c/w Trailer – 20,000 litres water tanker.
    • 

  • Toyota Hiace – Emergency medical and rescue services EMRS ambulance.
    • 

  • Isuzu D-Max – 4WD utility vehicle.







    
Sea units

    

  • Fire hovercraft.
    • 

  • Kevlar Composite Boat-Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat RHIB.
    • 

  • Aluminium Boat Light Rescue Boat.
    • 

  • Jet Ski c/w Rescue Board.
    • 

  • Inboard Fire Boat.







    
Air units

    




  • 2 x AgustaWestland AW109 (Light utility helicopter) – Search and rescue, aerial surveillance, aerial command and control.[29] (9M-BOA & 9M-BOB) (9M-BOA crashed on 16/9/2010 at near Lanchang, Pahang.[30])
    • 


  • 2 x AgustaWestland AW139 (Medium utility helicopter) – Firefighting, disaster relief, search and rescue, aerial surveillance, aerial command and control.[31][32] (9M-BOC & 9M-BOD)
    • 

  • 2 x AgustaWestland AW189 (Medium utility helicopter) - Delivered in December 2018.[33]
    • 

  • 4 x Mil Mi-17-1V (Heavy helicopter) – Search and rescue, heavy lift for utility, disaster relief, forest aerial firefighting.[29][34] (M994-01 (Enggang), M994-02 (Pekaka), M994-03, M994-04)
    • 

  • [29]








    
    

  • 2010: "Da Bomba", a comedy TV series by TV3, about Firefighters, their spouses and the fire station's living quarters Community.
    • 

  • 2016: "Abang Bomba I Love You", a romantic TV series by ASTRO, about a young girl fallen in love with her rescuer; a firefighter.
    • 

  • 2016: "Hero", a TV series by RTM, about challenges faced by firefighters.



    


    
See also

    




    


    
References

    



  1.  "Khidmat Pegawai Bomba Bantuan dilancar". Astro Awani (in Malay). Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  2.  "6 Balai Bomba Terpilih Tukar Waktu Bekerja Kepada 12 Jam". Perak Today. 5 May 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  3.  "Semua Pasukan Bomba Sukarela akan didaftarkan di bawah JBPM". www.utusanborneo.com.my. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  4.  "Bomba Tubuh Mosar Hadapi Bencana Gunung Kinabalu - Berita Semasa". mstar.com. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  5.  "Malim gunung skuad MOSAR". HM Online (in Malay). 23 June 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  6.  "Peranan bomba sukarela terus diiktiraf". Utusan Online. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  7.  "Latihan berterusan Pasukan Bomba Sukarela". bomba.gov.my. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  8.  "Sejarah Perkhidmatan Bomba - Galeri Gambar". memori-kedah.com. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  9.  YUSOF, MOHAMAD ARIFF MOHD. "Nilai survival Mohd. Latif". Utusan Online. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  10.  "MUST pasukan elit bomba". HM Online (in Malay). 21 November 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  11.  User, Super. "Akademi Bomba Dan Penyelamat Malaysia - Must". fram.bomba.gov.my (in Malay). Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  12.  ANUAR, TERMIZI CHE. "35 tahun berkhidmat dalam bomba". Utusan Online. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  13.  "Jentera dua roda Bomba - BH Auto". BH Auto. 14 August 2013. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  14.  User, Super. "Akademi Bomba Dan Penyelamat Malaysia - Scuba". fram.bomba.gov.my (in Malay). Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  15.  "Pengalaman selamatkan mangsa terowong Selantik". www.kosmo.com.my. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  16.  YUSOF, NOOR’AINON MOHAMED. "JBPM perkasa kemahiran melalui udara". Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  17.  User, Super. "Akademi Bomba Dan Penyelamat Malaysia - Smoke Jumper". fram.bomba.gov.my (in Malay). Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  18.  "Portal Rasmi Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat MalaysiaKursus Pengukuhan Payung Terjun JBPM Bersama Pasukan VAT 69 Dan PULPAK ( Pusat Latihan Peperangan Kh". www.bomba.gov.my. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  19.  "EMRS - EMERGENCY MEDICAL RESCUE SERVICES". 9w2mdp.blogspot.my. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  20.  "Jalan Lasak". 9w2mdp.blogspot.my. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  21.  "JBPM telah menjuarai Singapore-Global Firefighters & Paramedic Challenge". Twitter. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  22.  HADZMAN, Oleh MASZUREEN. "STORM bukan hanya padam kebakaran". Utusan Online. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  23.  Suara, My (5 May 2016). "Anggota Penyelamat STORM Sarawak Digerakkan Ke Sebuyau Malam Ini". MySuara.Net. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  24.  "Apa itu S.T.O.R.M dalam Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia?". friendsofbombamalaysia.blogspot.my. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  25.  "Jom Kenali Pasukan Special Forces Pasukan Bomba Ini". www.ohmymedia.cc. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  26.  "Penguasa Bomba Putrajaya peserta terbaik kursus Storm". Utusan Online. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  27.  "Special Technical Operation and Rescue Team of Malaysia (STORM)". airmien.blogspot.my. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  28.  "SMART, STORM sertai SAR". HM Online (in Malay). 6 June 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  29.  "File Not Found". Scramble (Dutch Aviation Society). Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  30.  Ranter, Harro. "Accident Agusta A109E 9M-BOA, 16 Sep 2010". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  31.  Dominic Perry (17 February 2016). "SINGAPORE: Malaysia picks AW189 for disaster-relief role". Flightglobal. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  32.  Jeremy Parkin (17 February 2016). "Singapore – Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia orders two AW189s". Helicopter Investor. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  33.  http://www.malaysiandefence.com/bomba-takes-delivery-of-aw189s/
  34.  "Aircraft M994-03 Photo (M994-03, Mil Mi-17 Hip) - Malaysian Fire and Rescue Dept (BOMBA)". Airport-Data.com. Retrieved 26 February 2016.



    


    
    













    


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