Ennis

Ennis (Irish: Inis, meaning "island") is the county town of County Clare, Ireland. The Irish name is short for Inis Cluana Rámhfhada ("island of the long rowing meadow"). The town is on the River Fergus, north of where it enters the Shannon Estuary, 19 km (12 mi) from Shannon Airport. In 2016, Ennis had a population of 25,276,[1] making it the largest town in Clare and the 12th largest in Ireland.

This article is about the Irish county town. For other uses, see Ennis (disambiguation).

Ennis

Inis
Town
Coat of arms
Ennis
Location in Ireland
Ennis
Ennis (Europe)
Coordinates: 52.8463°N 8.9807°W / 52.8463; -8.9807
CountryIreland
ProvinceMunster
CountyCounty Clare
Dáil ÉireannClare
Elevation
3 m (10 ft)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Rank12th
 • Urban
25,276
Time zoneUTC±0 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (IST)
Eircode routing key
V95
Telephone area code+353(0)65
Irish Grid ReferenceR333780
Websitewww.visitennis.com

History
Abbey Street (circa 1910)
Map of Ennis

The name Ennis comes from the Irish word "Inis", meaning "island". This name relates to an island formed between two courses of the River Fergus on which the Franciscan Friary was built. The past of Ennis is closely associated with the O'Brien dynasty, who were descendants of Brian Boru. In the 12th century, the O'Briens, who were Kings of Thomond, left their seat of power in Limerick and built a royal residence at Clonroad on what was then an island. In 1240, King Donnchadh O'Brien ordered the construction of an extensive church which he later donated to the Franciscans. In the centuries that followed there was great activity. The Friary was expanded and students came in great flocks to study at the theological college. The Friars, who were free to move about, met the spiritual needs of the local population. It was a religious centre until the Dissolution of the Monasteries.

Ennis never had town walls and became a location for merchants from Limerick when Catholics were forbidden to reside in the walled towns by the Penal Laws, and much of its past prosperity is attributable to this influx. It became a thriving market town in the late 18th century and this expansion continued unabated throughout the 19th century, except the period after the Famine c. 1850.

In the colonial period, a number of landmark structures were constructed, including the Mill and Courthouse. The town contains a number of old military barracks, most notably the Old Military Barracks on the Kilrush road. Many locals served in the British Army in the First World War. The Clare Road and Clonroad areas contain terraced cottages built in the early 20th century to house soldiers. On Station Road, then called Jail Road, a gaol once stood.

Ennis was governed by a town council from around the 17th century onwards, before the Local Government Reform Act 2014 effectively dissolved this with the creation of the Ennis Municipal District under the authority of Clare County Council. Politically, Ennis has always been considered a Fianna Fáil stronghold. However, in the 2009 local elections, the party was reduced to just one member out of nine on Ennis Town Council. A monument to Éamon de Valera, founder of the party and former President of Ireland, stands outside Ennis Courthouse.[2]

The River Fergus runs through the middle of Ennis, and is a well-known trout and salmon fishery. At one time, small sailing boats made their way up river from the Shannon and berthed in the centre of the town at Woodquay.[3] This area of the town along with Parnell Street and Mill Road was routinely susceptible to flooding, but the flood defence system put an end to the event in Parnell Street and the Mill Road areas,[4] although in November 2009 other parts of the town experienced severe flooding.[5] A new pedestrian bridge, Harmony Row Bridge, was built over the river Fergus in June 2009.[6]

Heritage and economy
River Fergus in Ennis

Clare became a county under the rule of Elizabeth I and Ennis was chosen as its capital by the Earls of Thomond because of its central location and great influence. Ennis received a grant to hold fairs and markets in 1610 and some years later a Charter for a Corporation with a Provost, Free Burgesses, Commonalty and a Town Clerk.[7]

Ennis continued to expand in the following centuries, mainly as a market town and later as a manufacturing and distributing centre. Many commodities were conveyed by river to Clarecastle for shipment abroad.[8]

Ennis is a historically important market town. The market square is still home to market stalls on each Saturday through the year, although with the rise in the town's commercial retail sector it has shifted from agricultural produce to mainly textiles and home hardware. The market also has an organic farming element.[9]

The town centre consists of medieval narrow streets and laneways, overshadowed by structures built over the last thousand years. Of the main thoroughfares, Parnell Street has been pedestrianised, while the others, O'Connell Street, Bindon Street and Abbey Street, are one way. The Cathedral of Saint Peter and Saint Paul is on the fringe of the old town centre.

Ennis serves as a major regional hub for County Clare. Among its emergency services, it contains the Ennis Hospital, the HQ of the Clare Divisional Garda, the Clare Fire Brigade and Civil Defence. Ennis also includes many relief organisations, such as The Samaritans, Clare Care and St. Vincent De Paul. Among its civil services, it contains Clare County Council, as well as Social and Family affairs.

Ennis has been a centre for Irish Traditional Music, and since 1974 has hosted the Fleadh Nua[10] in late May each year, the second-largest traditional music festival in Ireland. There are other traditional festivals held in the town as well such as the Ennis Trad Festival held annually in November.

Transport

Situated 14 km from Shannon Airport, Ennis is served by both bus and rail links to all major cities and towns in Ireland. The main bus depot is adjacent to the town's train station and both are about one kilometre from the town centre. Ennis railway station is on the Clon Road toward the east of the town, which links to the main N18 in either direction.

Bus services are provided to Shannon Airport, Galway, Limerick, Cork, Dublin and all routes in between and run nearly every hour. Shannon Airport is 15 minutes from Ennis, providing daily flights to European and US destinations.

Twenty rail services per day are now provided to and from Limerick, from where connecting rail services are available to both Dublin Heuston and Cork. The Western Railway Corridor north of Ennis (to Athenry and Galway) reopened on 30 March 2010 with five return services daily. The next phase, to Tuam and Claremorris, originally scheduled to reopen by 2014, is subject to budget review.[11]

Ennis was formerly the starting point of the West Clare Railway, a narrow-gauge railway which ran from Ennis to Ennistymon, Milltown Malbay and onwards to the towns and villages along the West Clare coastline. Trains ran from the same railway station as still used by mainline Irish railway services. The line was CIÉ's last narrow-gauge railway and finally closed in 1961, despite investment in new diesel trains in the early/mid-1950s.

Ennis railway station connects with Galway and with Limerick where onward trains run to Dublin, Cork via Limerick Junction (for connections to Tipperary, Cahir, Clonmel, Carrick-on-Suir and Waterford) and Mallow (for connections to Killarney and Tralee). Ennis is also served by local charity Clare bus who provide a fully wheelchair accessible bus service around the Clare area.

Education
St Flannan's College, one of the oldest school buildings in Ireland

Primary Schools in Ennis include Ennis National School, established in 1897 (formerly Boys National School), Cloughleigh National School, Gaelscoil Mhichíl Cíosóg, Holy Family School, CBS and the multi-denominational Ennis Educate Together National School which opened in 1998.[12] There are several secondary level schools in Ennis, including Rice College, Ennis Community College, Coláiste Muire, St. Flannan's College, and Gaelcholaiste an Chláir. Mid-West Management Training is a FETAC approved provider of further education and training up to Level 6 of the National Framework of Qualifications. The Ennis Business college is one of Ennis's third level facilities.

Culture

Ennis is a stronghold of traditional music with many musicians in residence and regularly playing locally. The Ennis Book Club Festival, in association with Clare County Library, runs annually on the first weekend in March. It attracts readers and authors from all over Ireland and beyond. Glór Theatre is a concert and events venue in the town centre.

In 2016 and 2017 Ennis hosted the Fleadh Cheoil na hÉireann music competition. It is the first time that the town has hosted the event since 1977.

Sports and leisure

Cusack Park on Francis Street in the town centre is the main county Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) playing grounds and the home of Clare GAA. Ennis has numerous football clubs (soccer, GAA and rugby) that play in various leagues from schoolboys to senior.

The Lees Road Sports and Amenity Park, 1 km from the town centre, is set in 134 acres (54 ha) of wood and parkland. There is ample car parking and the main building includes modern changing rooms, showers and toilets. Among the facilities available are four conventional playing pitches, full size all-weather floodlit playing pitch, floodlit 400 m (1,300 ft) synthetic running track and a purpose-built cross country running track. There is a children's playground and skateboard park and marked walks and trails throughout the woodland area. Ennis Leisure Centre has a fully equipped gym with a 25m pool, saunas etc. There are a number of hotels around Ennis that have their own leisure facilities including gyms and 15m to 20m pools.

Within the town, there are six adult soccer clubs (Avenue United, Lifford FC, Ennis Town, Turnpike Rovers, Hermitage FC and Ennis Dons FC), two adult GAA clubs (Éire Óg and The Banner GAA), and one rugby club (Ennis RFC).

International relations
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Republic of Ireland

Ennis is twinned with Phoenix, Arizona.[14][15] Each summer an average of four 4th/5th year students partake in the Phoenix Youth Ambassador Program, which is facilitated by the city of Phoenix twinning committee and the Ennis Chamber of Commerce.

It is also twinned with the town of Saint-Paul-de-Fenouillet in southern France.[16] Ennis is also twinned with the town of Clare, South Australia and the city of Clare, Michigan, United States

Information Age Town

In September 1997, Ennis became Ireland's first and only Information Age Town. The town was greatly enhanced by the project's IR£15 million investment, which saw 4200 computers provided to residents, a computer lab for every school and every primary school classroom been provided with a computer. Elderly residents were given the chance to become computer users also as a result. The project also gave Ennis Ireland's first high-speed ISDN line infrastructure, which connected all the town's businesses together. Ennis was also used as a test site for VISA Cash, which allowed users to top up a Chip and PIN card with petty cash and purchase goods in local stores. Funding for the project ran out in 2000.

Tidy Town

In 2012 and 2013, Ennis won the Irish Tidy Towns Competition in the Large Urban Centre category.[17]

Notable people
  • Ennis is referred to in James Joyce's Ulysses[18]
  • Ennis is mentioned in the songs "Isobel" by British performer Dido, and "At The Ceili" by Celtic Woman

Townlands and parishes

The town of Ennis is situated in parts of the civil parishes of Doora, Drumcliff, Kilraghtis and Templemaley. Townlands are:[19]

  • Doora: Ballaghboy, Bunnow, Gaurus, and Knockanean
  • Drumcliff: Cahircalla Beg, Cahircalla More, Claureen, Cloghleagh, Clonroad Beg, Clonroad More, Drumbiggil, Drumcliff, Lifford, Loughvella, and Shanvogh
  • Kilraghtis: Rosslevan
  • Templemaley: Ballycorey, Cappahard, Dulick, Knockaderry, and Knockanoura

See also

References
  1. "Sapmap Area - Settlements - Ennis". Census 2016. CSO. 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  2. "Clare People: Eamon De Valera". Clarelibrary.ie. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  3. "Walks in Clare , Ireland Page 1". Goireland.com. Archived from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  4. "Ennis Flood Relief Scheme To Help Resolve Centuries-Old Problem Says Killeen". Prlog.org. 10 March 2008. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  5. "Hottest day of year today | IOL". Breakingnews.iol.ie. 20 November 2009. Archived from the original on 24 November 2009. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  6. "Ennis developments and built environment – Page 2 – Irish Architecture Planning Forums". Archiseek.com. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  7. "Clare Places – Ennis: Historical Background". Clarelibrary.ie. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  8. "About Ennis Town". Ennistowncouncil.ie. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  9. "Ennis County Clare". Lookaroundireland.com. Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2010.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. "Ennis Under Siege for Fleadh Nua". Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 21 March 2009.
  11. "No schedule for further rail expansion | Connacht Tribune". galwaynews.ie. 27 May 2010. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  12. "Ennis Educate Together National School". Eetns.ie. 26 March 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  13. Figure is total for Ennis UD and Ennis environs. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 March 2005. Retrieved 1 May 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) and www.histpop.org for post 1821 figures, For a discussion on the accuracy of pre-famine census returns see JJ Lee "On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses", Irish Population, Economy and Society edited by JM Goldstrom and LA Clarkson (1981) p54, in and also New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850 by Joel Mokyr and Cormac O Grada in The Economic History Review, New Series, Vol. 37, No. 4 (November 1984), pp. 473–488.
  14. "Phoenix Sister Cities". Phoenix Sister Cities. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  15. Weaver, Cynthia (20 October 2008). "Phoenix Sister Cities Celebrates 20 Years of Friendship with Ennis, Ireland". City of Phoenix, Arizona. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 28 October 2008.
  16. "Section 15 Freedom of Information Manual for Ennis Town Council (pdf format)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 26 October 2008.
  17. "Welcome to TidyTowns Ireland". Tidytowns.ie. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  18. "Joycean Pics 2007, Ennis". Atelier Aterui. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  19. "Ennis (Inis)". Clare County Library. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.