Eastern Macedonia and Thrace

Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (Greek: Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη, romanized: Anatolikí Makedhonía ke Thráki, [anatoliˈki makeðoˈnia ke ˈθraki]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It consists of the northeastern parts of the country, comprising the eastern part of the region of Greek Macedonia along with the region of Western Thrace, and the islands of Thasos and Samothrace.

This article is about the administrative region in Greece. For other uses, see Macedonia (disambiguation) and Thrace (disambiguation).
"Eastern Macedonia (Greece)" redirects here. For other uses, see Eastern Macedonia (disambiguation).
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace

Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη
Administrative region of Greece
Coordinates: 41.2°N 25.0°E / 41.2; 25.0
Country Greece
Decentralized AdministrationMacedonia and Thrace
CapitalKomotini
Largest cityAlexandroupoli
Regional units
List
Government
 • Regional governorChristos Metios (New Democracy)
Area
 • Total14,157.76 km2 (5,466.34 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total608,182
 • Density43/km2 (110/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Macedonian, Thracian
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
ISO 3166 codeGR-A
HDI (2017)0.839[2]
very high · 11th
Websitewww.pamth.gov.gr

Geography

Administration

Administrative history
See also: Kallikratis reform

The region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace was established in the 1987 administrative reform as the Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Region (Greek: Περιφέρεια Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και Θράκης, romanized: Periféria Anatolikís Makedhonías ke Thrákis). With the 2010 Kallikratis plan, its powers and authority were redefined and extended, with the preexisting region in many respects inheriting status and weight of the five now abolished prefectures, Drama, Evros, Kavala, Rhodope and Xanthi.

In this special case, the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace also succeeds the intermediate structure of the two super-prefectures of Drama-Kavala-Xanthi and of Rhodope-Evros into which the five prefectures had been grouped since 1994.

Current status

The capital of the region is Komotini, which by population is the fourth largest city, following Alexandroupoli, Kavala and Xanthi. The region is divided into the Macedonian regional units of Drama, Kavala and Thasos and the Thracian regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope and Evros, which coincide with the territory of the former prefectures, except for Thasos, which was part of the Kavala prefecture. Unlike the former prefectures, the regional units however have very limited administrative powers.

Along with Central Macedonia, the region is supervised by the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace based at Thessaloniki.

Regional governor

The political post of the Regional governor (Περιφερειάρχης) was also created in the course of the Kallikratis reform and can be considered the successor of the former prefects. The current governor is Christos Metios, who succeeded in November 2016[3] deceased Giorgos Pavlidis[4] (Nea Dimokratia). Pavlidis was elected in the 2014 regional election, beating the incumbent first-ever regional governor and former Prefect of Rhodopi, Aris Giannakidis (PASOK), elected in the 2010 regional election.

Demographics

The region is home to Greece's main Muslim minority, made up mainly of Pomaks and Western Thrace Turks, whose presence dates to the Ottoman period. Unlike the Muslims of Greek Macedonia, Epirus, and elsewhere in northern Greece, they were exempted from the Greek-Turkish population exchange following the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne. According to the 1991 census, the Muslim minority numbered around 98,000 people or 29% of the population of Western Thrace, of which about half were Western Thrace Turks and the rest (35%) Pomaks and Muslim Romani people (15%).[5] In the 2014 European elections in Greece, 42,533 people from Eastern Macedonia and Thrace voted for the Party of Friendship, Equality and Peace, which represents what it regards as the Muslim minority in Greece. These Muslim minority populations are completely distinct from the Ottoman-era Greek Muslims, such as the Vallahades of western Greek Macedonia, who were almost entirely expatriated to Turkey as part of the population exchange.

Economy

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 7.2 billion € in 2018, accounting for 3.9% of Greek economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 14,300 € or 48% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 61% of the EU average. Eastern Macedonia and Thrace is the region in Greece with the second lowest GDP per capita and one of the poorest regions in the EU.[6]

Major municipalities

Major cities and towns

References
  1. "Demographic and social characteristics of the Resident Population of Greece according to the 2011 Population - Housing Census revision of 20/3/2014" (PDF). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 12 September 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-08.
  2. "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  3. "Νέος περιφερειάρχης Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και Θράκης o Χρήστος Μέτιος". iefimerida.gr (in Greek). 30 October 2016. Retrieved 2017-07-19.
  4. "Έφυγε από τη ζωή ο Περιφερειάρχης Γιώργος Παυλίδης - Alexpoli.gr". Alexpoli.gr (in Greek). 20 October 2016. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 2016-10-20.
  5. Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "The Muslim Minority of Greek Thrace". Retrieved 2014-06-13.
  6. "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.
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