Cistus crispus

Cistus crispus is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae , with pink to purple flowers, native to south-western Europe and western north Africa.

Cistus crispus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Malvales
Family:	Cistaceae
Genus:	Cistus
Species:	C. crispus
Binomial name
Cistus crispus L.[1]

Description

Cistus crispus grows up to 50 cm (1 ft 8 in) tall. Its grey-green leaves are wavy (undulate), oblong to elliptical in shape, usually 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) long by 4–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) wide. They have three prominent veins and are covered a mixture of short stellate hairs and longer simple hairs. The flowers are arranged in few-flowered cymes, each flower being 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) across with five purplish-red petals and five hair-covered sepals.[2]

Taxonomy

Cistus crispus was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in Species Plantarum (p. 524).[1] The specific epithet crispus means "curly" or "finely waved", referring to the leaves.[3]

It hybridizes with Cistus albidus to form the hybrid Cistus × incanus.[4]

Phylogeny

A 2011 molecular phylogenetic study placed C. crispus as the deepest branching member of the clade of purple and pink flowered Cistus species (the "purple pink clade" or PPC).[5]

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species.

Halimium spp.             PPC           Cistus crispus                     Cistus asper         Cistus chinamadensis         Cistus horrens         Cistus ocreatus         Cistus osbeckiifolius         Cistus palmensis         Cistus symphytifolius                 Cistus heterophyllus               Cistus albidus         Cistus creticus                   Halimium spp.         WWPC                 Cistus clusii         Cistus munbyi                 Cistus inflatus         Cistus ladanifer         Cistus laurifolius         Cistus libanotis         Cistus monspeliensis         Cistus parviflorus         Cistus populifolius         Cistus pouzolzii         Cistus salviifolius         Cistus sintenisii             Purple   Pink   Clade   White   Whitish Pink   Clade

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.[4][6][5][7]

Distribution

Cistus crispus is native to north Africa[6] and south-western Europe, including Portugal, Spain, France, Corsica, Italy and Sicily.[2]

References

1. "Cistus crispus", The Plant List, retrieved 2015-03-02
2. Warburg, E.F. (1968), "Cistus albidus", in Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.), Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press, p. 283, ISBN 978-0-521-06662-4
3. Coombes, Allen J. (1994), Dictionary of Plant Names, London: Hamlyn Books, ISBN 978-0-600-58187-1, p. 42
4. Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005), "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Cistus L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37: 644–660, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026, PMID 16055353
5. Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011), "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae)", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 295 (1–4): 23–54, doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7
6. Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean Cistus (Cistaceae)". PLoS ONE. 4: e6362. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006362. PMC 2719431. PMID 19668338.
7. Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 9 (2): 83–99. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001.

External links

• Page, R.G. (n.d.) [2002 onwards], "Cistus crispus L.", The Cistus & Halimium Website, archived from the original on 2015-03-09, retrieved 2015-03-09