Antonina Petrova

Antonina Petrova (Russian: Антонина Петрова; 14 March 1915 – 4 November 1941) was a Soviet partisan and medic. She was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 8 April 1942 for killing herself to avoid being captured and interrogated by the Germans after running out of ammunition.[1]

Antonina Vasilievna Petrova
Антонина Васильевна Петрова
Born14 March 1915
Streshevo, Saint Petersburg Governorate, Russian Empire
Died4 November 1941 (aged 26)
Mshinskaya, Leningrad Oblast, Russian SFSR
Nationality Soviet Union
AwardsHero of the Soviet Union
Order of Lenin

Early life

Petrova was born on 14 March 1915 in Streshevo, Petrograd to a Russian peasant family. After finishing trade school she worked as a seamstress and later at a hostel. Until the Soviet Union in mid 1941 she worked at the Komsomol as an accountant. She was known to her colleagues as a serious person who recorded the minutes of the meetings and rarely said much.[2][3]

World War II

Immediately after the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June she entered nursing courses. After completing the courses she requested to be assigned to a battalion as a nurse. The battalion she was assigned to often carried out sabotage of roads and attacked Axis army formations from the rear, well within enemy controlled territory. On her first mission they were assigned to pinpoint the location of enemy forces approaching Luga and then attack. After begging her commander to let her participate in the ambush, where they hid in bushes near a road while waiting for a car with German soldiers to approach. When the car approached, several members of the regiment attacked, and Petrova threw a grenade in front of the car so the riflemen could fire on the occupants. After returning from that mission in August she was reassigned to the 2nd Partisan Detachment under the command of Ivan and Stanislav Poleyko, who were brothers; the unit consisted of just twenty-seven people. In a group with seven other partisan detachments they planted landmines in a field and severed telephone and telegraph lines. From August to the beginning of October the detachment laid down mines on the Tolmachevo - Osmino and Luga - Lyady roads, damaged the Tolmachevo-Mshinskaya railroad tracks, and shot down four aircraft. Later in October they destroyed six bridges, including one on the vital Leningrad-Vitebsk railroad. Petrova participated in nearly all of the detachment's military operations and went on several reconnaissance missions. On one mission after learning of the arrival of an anti-partisan squadron she informed the rest of her detachment to be prepared, resulting in the survival of all members of the detachment that day.[3][4]

In late October the detachment was deployed to Mshinskaya station but the Axis found out about their deployment. On 4 November eleven of the partisans that were stationed at their camp were approached by a large detachment of Axis troops. Heavily outnumbered, most of the partisans were killed while fleeing the area, but Petrova picked up a machine gun and began firing on the enemy combatants until she was low on ammunition. After she ran out of ammunition several Axis soldiers rushed at her, but she shot herself to avoid capture. For doing so she was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 8 April 1942 by decree of the Supreme Soviet. A memorial was constructed where the partisans were killed. Petrova was honored with various memorials as well as a street, young pioneer squad, and secondary school renamed in her honor.[4][5][6]

See also

References
  1. Sakaida, Henry (2012-04-20). Heroines of the Soviet Union 1941–45. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 58. ISBN 9781780966922.
  2. Ufarkin, Nikolai. "Петрова Антонина Васильевна". www.warheroes.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-11-11. Retrieved 2018-04-27.
  3. Shadov, Ivan (1988). Герой Советского Союза II, Любовь - Яшчук. Moscow: Voenizdat. ISBN 5203005362. OCLC 312615596.
  4. Svetlov, G (1969). "Luzhanka". Heroines: Essays on Women - Heroes of the Soviet Union (in Russian). Moscow: Politizdat (II): 463.
  5. Sedelnikov, Aleksey. "Петрова Антонина Васильевна - Герой Советского Союза". lenww2.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2018-04-27.
  6. Janina, Cottam (1998). Women in War and Resistance: Selected Biographies of Soviet Women Soldiers. Newburyport, MA: Focus Publishing/R. Pullins Co. pp. 315–320. ISBN 1585101605. OCLC 228063546.
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