Ammunition ship

An ammunition ship is an auxiliary ship specially configured to carry ammunition, usually for naval ships and aircraft. An ammunition ship's cargo handling systems, designed with extreme safety in mind, include ammunition hoists with airlocks between decks, and mechanisms for flooding entire compartments with sea water in case of emergencies. Ammunition ships most often deliver their cargo to other ships using underway replenishment, using both connected replenishment and vertical replenishment. To a lesser extent, they transport ammunition from one shore-based weapons station to another.[1]

USNS Kilauea, a typical contemporary ammunition ship

United States Navy ammunition ships

U.S. Navy ammunition ships are frequently named for volcanos.[2]

During World War II, U.S. Navy ammunition ships were converted from merchant ships or specially built on merchant ship hulls, often of Type C2. They were armed, and were manned by naval crews. Several of them were destroyed in spectacular explosions during the war, such as USS Mount Hood, which exploded in the Admiralty Islands on November 10, 1944, and the Liberty ship SS John Burke, which was hit by a single kamikaze attack near the Philippines on December 28, 1944, and which was captured on film by an amateur photographer on a nearby vessel.[3] The ship disintegrated in seconds with the loss of all hands. SS Canada Victory, SS Logan Victory and SS Hobbs Victory were hit by kamikaze aircraft at Okinawa and sank.[4]

Contemporary U.S. ammunition ships of the Kilauea class are specially designed for their mission, which also includes carrying dry and refrigerated cargo. They are unarmed and are manned by civilian crews. These ships are being replaced by the Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ships.[5]

References

1. "AE Ammunition Ships". GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-18.
2. Dictionary of American Fighting Ships (DANFS), Naval Vessel Register, Ammunition Ships. Archived June 5, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
3. Hayes, Andrew (25 April 2012). "Kamikaze Attack – USS John Burke – Complete destruction of ship and all on board!" – via YouTube.
4. US Navy, Armed Guard Service
5. "Lewis & Clark Class Auxiliary Cargo and Ammunition Ship (T-AKE)". Joint Interoperability Test Command web site. Archived from the original on 2009-05-22. Retrieved 2008-08-18.