2018 Philippine barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections

Barangay elections in the Philippines were held on May 14, 2018. The election shall elect the Punong Barangay, more commonly known as barangay captains, and members of the Sangguniang Barangay, or barangay council, in 41,948 barangays (villages) throughout the country whose terms start on June 30, 2018. Barangays are the smallest local government unit in the Philippines.

2018 Philippine barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections
May 14, 2018
671,228 of the 672,704 seats of the Barangay Chairmen and councilors, and Sangguniang Kabataan chairmen and councilors
5 in each barangay in the barangay council and Sangguniang Kabataan seats needed for a majority
Barangay Chairmen 41,948
Sangguniang Barangay 293,636
SK Chairmen 41,948
Sangguniang Kabataan 293,636
League of Barangays in the Philippines National President before election

Edmund Abesamis

 Elected League of Barangays in the Philippines National President

Faustino Dy V

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Elections for the reformed Sangguniang Kabataan (SK; youth councils) will also be held at the same time. This shall be the first SK elections since 2010.

Originally scheduled for October 2016, these elections supposedly concluded the 2016 election cycle that started in May with the election of the Philippine president, the members of Philippine Congress and provincial, city and municipal officials. It was then postponed to October 2017, then was postponed further to May 2018. There were attempts to postpone it further, but Congress ran out of time to pass a law to postpone the elections further.

Upon their election, barangay captains shall elect their cities' or municipalities' League of Barangays of the Philippines chairman, also known as the Association of Barangay Captains or ABC Chairman, who will also sit on their respective local municipal or city council. The provincial ABC chairman will also sit on the provincial board. The provincial and some city ABC chairmen shall elect among themselves the national leadership of the League. The SK chairpersons shall do the same among their ranks. The SK national president shall become a member of the National Youth Commission.

The winning officials were originally to serve until June 30, 2020, but since the 2020 elections were postponed to 2022 in 2019, their terms were also extended to January 1, 2023.[1]

Electoral system

Each barangay has an elected chief executive, the Punong Barangay, and an 8-seat legislature, the Sangguniang Barangay, of which seven are elected at-large in this election.

The youth also elect among themselves the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) chairman, who is the eighth member of the Sangguniang Barangay, and all 7 members of the Sangguniang Kabataan at-large. Both barangay and SK chairmen are elected via the first-past-the-post system, while the legislatures are elected via multiple non-transferable vote.

Preparations

Postponement

On October 18, 2016, or roughly two weeks before the elections, it was confirmed that President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law a bill postponing the October 2016 barangay elections to October 2017. In addition, the subsequent election would be on the second Monday of May 2020, and every three years thereafter. Officials who were elected in 2013 shall continue to serve until 2017.[2]

By March 2017, Duterte expressed that he wanted to postpone the barangay elections until 2020, and replace the barangay officials whose terms are expiring, with his own appointees. This allegedly due to prevent drug money from influencing the result of the elections.[3] His allies in Congress moved to enact a bill doing such.[4] Experts later said that appointing barangay officials is unconstitutional.[5]

On October 2, 2017, President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law a bill postponing again the 2017 barangay and SK election to May 2018.[6] The House of Representatives then passed a bill to postpone the election from May to October, but it was defeated in the Senate as there was no counterpart bill submitted there.[7] At the hearings at the attempt to postpone it to October 2018, League national president Edmund Abesamis, who was supporting the election's postponement defending that it wasn't self-serving, was berated by Congressman Antonio Tinio of the Alliance of Concerned Teachers who branded him as shameless. Tinio added that several barangay officials are term limited and should have been replaced by an election as early as 2016.[8]

Nominations

As there was no law postponing the elections further, the commission released the schedule for the election. Filing of candidacies will be on April 14 to 20.[7] The eligible ages for the Sangguniang Kabataan elections were changed to 18–24 years old for candidates, and 15-30 for voters. Candidates were required to submit a resumé.[9] The commission also told politicians to keep the elections non-partisan, for candidates to refrain mentioning politicians' names, and for them to lower expenses.[10]

Filing for candidacies was extended until April 21. There were concerns that the number of candidates is less than the number of positions that shall be contested. The Sangguniang Kabataan posts were a concern, with only 181,296 candidacies as opposed to 338,584 positions.[11]

May 4, 2018 will be the start of the campaign period, that will end on May 12. Election silence is on May 13, and election day is on Monday, May 14.

Candidates allegedly involved in the drug trade
Main article: Philippine Drug War

Following the pronouncements of President Rodrigo Duterte, the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) and the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) released on 30 April 2018, the list of barangay officials allegedly involved in the drug trade. PDEA Director-General Aaron Aquino and DILG Officer-in-Charge Eduardo Año stated that nearly 200 personalities are in the list. PDEA admitted that the said list that were based on existing police and military intelligence reports, lacks adequate veracity hence cases have not been filed against the said personalities in the courts. The list is considered part of the earlier extensive narco list that was partially released by President Duterte in 2016.[12]

Statistics

The Philippines has 42,044 barangays, each with 1 chairperson, 7 councilors, 1 SK chairperson and 7 SK councilors. In addition, the SK chairperson is an ex officio member of the barangay council. The newest barangays are in San Jose, Occidental Mindoro, Asipulo, Ifugao, Dumalneg, Ilocos Norte, and in Navotas, Metro Manila, where the barangays were reorganized. Furthermore, Barangay Rizal was transferred from Burdeos, Quezon to Panukulan, Quezon after a Supreme Court decision became final and executory.[13]

All 96 barangays in Marawi are not holding elections in May 2018 due to the aftermath of the Battle of Marawi. This means only 41,948 barangays shall be holding elections. The commission shall determine at a later date when to hold elections in the city.[14]

Position Total Seats per barangay Change from last election
Barangay chairperson 41,948 1 80
Barangay councilor* 293,636 7 560
SK chairperson 41,948 1 147
SK councilor 293,636 7 1,079

*Aside from the 7 regular members, the SK chairperson is also an ex officio member of the barangay council.

Results

There was no nationwide campaign, and the election was nonpartisan.

Category Total %
SK chairman candidates 85,916 100%
SK chairmen elected 41,948 48.82%
SK councilor candidates 347,887 100%
SK councilors elected 293,636 84.41%
Voter turnout for barangay elections
Registered voters for barangay elections 57,378,380 100%
Voter turnout for SK elections
Registered voters for SK elections 20,626,220 100%

Aftermath

After election day, the Commission on Elections said that there were no failure of elections for the first time, except for a case in Northern Samar.[15] The Philippine National Police said that 35 people died in the run-up to the election, with election day itself "relatively peaceful".[16] While most leading politicians voted, President Duterte notably didn't, saying he didn't want to disappoint his friends who ran against each other.[17] Several candidates in the "narcolist" still won, while others lost.[18]

Three days after the election, the commission said 100% of the positions have been proclaimed.[19] The DILG asked the commission to hold special elections in 39 barangays were no SK candidates ran. The DILG said that this the most democratic way in determining who gets the positions, as against to appointment of members to the posts.[20] Furthermore, the commission also suspended the 729 candidacies of people who were either overage to run in the SK, or did not satisfy residency requirements; if any of these won, their proclamations would be suspended.[21]

After the winners were determined, the winning barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan chairmen started to vote among themselves on who would be sitting in their respective local legislatures as their representatives. The DILG has released a schedule and guidelines for these series of indirect elections. After nominations and candidacies were made, elections at the municipal and component city level was held on July 16. The winners shall sit in their respective Sangguniang Bayan or Sangguniang Panlungsod. Meanwhile, those who won in the component city and municipal level shall vote among themselves to determine who shall sit among them in their respective Sangguniang Panlalawigan, on July 30. Chairmen from independent component and highly urbanized cities also hold their elections on this date to determine their representatives in their respective Sangguniang Panlungsod.[22]

The sitting representatives in all Sangguniang Panlalawigan, and Sangguniang Panlungsod of independent component and highly urbanized cities shall vote among themselves the officials of the national chapter of the league, including the president on August 29. In the national convention held at the Manila Hotel, Barangay Captain Faustino Dy V of San Fabian, Echague, Isabela was elected national president of the Liga ng mga Barangay unopposed. Dy is the son of Isabela Governor Faustino Dy III.[23]

For deadlocked legislatures, these elections determine on whether the sitting executive will or will not have control of the legislature.

Marawi elections

By mid-July, the commission has planned to hold the Barangay elections in Marawi in September 2018. The commission is uncertain though if the voters have returned to the city.[24] On July 31, the commission decided to hold the elections on September 22.[25]

On Election Day, a brawl and allegations of vote-buying marred the proceedings.[26] Despite this, Col. Romeo Brawner, deputy commander of Joint Task Force Ranao, said that there were no casualties during the day.[27] The commission later said that all winners were proclaimed at least by 6:00 a.m. the following morning.[28]

References
  1. "Barangay, SK elections moved to December 2022". Rappler. December 3, 2019.
  2. "Duterte signs law postponing barangay, SK elections". Rappler. October 18, 2016. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
  3. Ruth Abbey, Guta (March 27, 2017). "Palace: Duterte may amend current law to appoint barangay officials". SunStar. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
  4. Cepeda, Mara (March 27, 2017). "Barbers files bill postponing barangay elections for 3 years". Rappler. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
  5. Torres-Tupas, Tetch (March 27, 2017). "Appointing barangay execs unconstitutional — election expert". newsinfo.inquirer.net. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
  6. "Duterte resets barangay, SK elections to 2018". GMA News. October 4, 2017. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
  7. Gita, Ruth Abbey (April 11, 2018). "Filing of candidacy for barangay, SK polls to begin on April 14". SunStar.
  8. "Tensions flare as lawmakers rush to approve barangay poll postponement". Rappler. Retrieved May 21, 2018.
  9. "Barangay, SK poll period to start April 14 with new rules for youth bets". GMA News Online.
  10. Lacuata, Carmelle. "Comelec tells politicians: Keep barangay, SK elections non-partisan, inexpensive". ABS-CBN News.
  11. "Filing of candidacy for barangay, SK polls extended until Saturday". CNN Philippines. Retrieved April 22, 2018.
  12. "PDEA names hundreds of barangay officials linked to drugs". Rappler. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
  13. "12 New Barangays Established in the First Quarter of 2018 | Philippine Statistics Authority". psa.gov.ph. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  14. "Brgy, SK polls to be held May 14 in Mindanao – except in Marawi". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
  15. "No 'failure of election' so far in barangay, SK polls". Rappler. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  16. "Barangay, SK polls generally peaceful". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  17. "Duterte: Skipping barangay elections 'purely political'". Rappler. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  18. Staff, Inquirer. "Many on narcolist win barangay polls". Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  19. Leonen, Julius N. "Barangay, SK polls vote canvassing, proclamation now 100% – Comelec". Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  20. "DILG to Comelec: Hold special elections for barangays without SK candidates". Rappler. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  21. Leonen, Julius N. "Comelec suspends 729 candidates in 2018 village polls". Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  22. "DILG urges barangay captains to vote for reform-oriented Liga ng mga Barangay leaders, sets timeline for the July 30 Liga elections - News - DILG". www.dilg.gov.ph. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  23. "Binatang Barangay Kapitan sa Isabela, nahalal na national president ng Liga ng mga Barangay | Bombo Radyo Philippines". Bombo Radyo Philippines (in Tagalog). August 30, 2018. Retrieved September 13, 2018.
  24. "Comelec eyes holding village, SK polls in Marawi by September". Manila Bulletin News. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  25. "Barangay, SK elections in Marawi set on September 22". Rappler. Retrieved August 12, 2018.
  26. Arevalo, Roxanne (September 22, 2018). "Violence, vote-buying mar 2018 Marawi barangay, SK elections". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  27. "Brawner: zero casualty in Marawi's barangay polls". MindaNews. September 22, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  28. Unson, John (September 24, 2018). "'Marawi barangay, SK polls went well' | Philstar.com". philstar.com. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
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