1178
Year 1178 (MCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1178 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1178 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1178 MCLXXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1931 |
| Armenian calendar | 627 ԹՎ ՈԻԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5928 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1099–1100 |
| Bengali calendar | 585 |
| Berber calendar | 2128 |
| English Regnal year | 24 Hen. 2 – 25 Hen. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1722 |
| Burmese calendar | 540 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6686–6687 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁酉年 (Fire Rooster) 3874 or 3814 — to — 戊戌年 (Earth Dog) 3875 or 3815 |
| Coptic calendar | 894–895 |
| Discordian calendar | 2344 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1170–1171 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4938–4939 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1234–1235 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1099–1100 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4278–4279 |
| Holocene calendar | 11178 |
| Igbo calendar | 178–179 |
| Iranian calendar | 556–557 |
| Islamic calendar | 573–574 |
| Japanese calendar | Jishō 2 (治承２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1085–1086 |
| Julian calendar | 1178 MCLXXVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3511 |
| Minguo calendar | 734 before ROC 民前734年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −290 |
| Seleucid era | 1489/1490 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1720–1721 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火鸡年 (female Fire-Rooster) 1304 or 923 or 151 — to — 阳土狗年 (male Earth-Dog) 1305 or 924 or 152 |
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Fresco of George III (r. 1156–1184)
Events
Europe
- June 30 – Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) is crowned King of Burgundy at Arles. He will repeat the ceremony in 1186. Returning to Germany, he begins proceedings against Henry III (the Lion), duke of Saxony, who has been charged by Saxon noblemen with breaking the king's peace.
- July 17 – Saracen pirates, from the Balearic Islands, raid the Cistercian monastery of Saint Honorat on the Lérins Islands, and the city of Toulon, killing an estimated 300 and taking captives. The surviving captives are freed from the Balearic Islands in 1185.[1]
- King George III defeats a nobles' revolt and proclaims his 18-year-old daughter Tamar (the Great) as co-ruler of Georgia.
- Orio Mastropiero is elected by the Council of Forty as doge of Venice, following the retirement of Sebastiano Ziani.
- Portuguese forces under King Afonso I (the Conqueror) capture the city of Beja from the Almohads.[2]
Art and Science
- The Leaning Tower of Pisa begins to lean, as the third level is completed (approximate date).
Religion
- Summer – Antipope Callixtus III submits to Pope Alexander III after having reigned for 10 years with support from Frederick I.
- June 18 – Five monks from Canterbury see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed.
Births
- October 27 – Zhen Dexiu, Chinese politician (d. 1235)
- December 22 – Antoku, emperor of Japan (d. 1185)
- Alam al-Din al-Hanafi, Ayyubid mathematician (d. 1251)
- Al-Faqih al-Muqaddam, Arab religious leader (d. 1232)
- Armand de Périgord, French Grand Master (d. 1244)
- Hugh I, Sardinian ruler (Judge of Arborea) (d. 1211)
- Matteo Rosso Orsini, Italian politician (d. 1246)
- Peter II (the Catholic), king of Aragon (d. 1213)
- Roland of Cremona, French theologian (d. 1259)
- Thomas I (or Tommaso), count of Savoy (d. 1233)
- Wei Liaoweng, Chinese politician and philosopher (d. 1237)
- Wuzhun Shifan, Chinese calligrapher and painter (d. 1249)
Deaths
- February 17 – Evermode of Ratzeburg, German bishop
- May 27 – Godfrey van Rhenen, bishop of Utrecht
- December 30 – Pribislav, prince of Mecklenburg
- Áedh Ua Flaithbheartaigh, king of Iar Connacht
- Ada de Warenne, Scottish noblewoman (b. 1120)
- Amadeus I, Swiss nobleman (House of Geneva)
- Anthelm of Belley, French prior and bishop (b. 1107)
- Frowin of Engelberg (the Blessed), Swiss abbot
- Fujiwara no Narichika, Japanese nobleman (b. 1138)
- Kristin Sigurdsdatter, Norwegian princess (b. 1125)
- Nashwan al-Himyari, Arab theologian and writer
- Petrus Comestor, French theologian and writer
- Philippa of Antioch, princess of Antioch (b. 1148)
- Richard the Chaplain, bishop of Cell Rigmonaid
- Walter de Bidun, English bishop and chancellor
- William of Lucca, Italian theologian and writer
References
- Unité mixte de recherche 5648--Histoire et archéologie des mondes chrétiens et musulmans médiévaux. Pays d'Islam et monde latin, Xe-XIIIe siècle: textes et documents. Lyon: Presses Universitaires de Lyon.
- Picard C. (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, p. 78.
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