Zombie film

A zombie film is a film genre. Zombies are fictional creatures usually portrayed as reanimated corpses or virally infected human beings. They are commonly portrayed as cannibalistic in nature. While zombie films generally fall into the horror genre, some cross over into other genres, such as action, comedy, science fiction, thriller, or romance. Distinct subgenres have evolved, such as the "zombie comedy" or the "zombie apocalypse". Zombies are distinct from ghosts, ghouls, mummies, Frankenstein's monsters or vampires, so this list does not include films devoted to these types of undead.

Zombies

Overview

Zombies in media

History
Further information: Zombie § In film and television

Victor Halperin's White Zombie was released in 1932 and is often cited as the first zombie film.[1][2][3] A number of Zombie films were produced in late 1930s and in 1940s, including I Walked with a Zombie (1943).

Inspired by the zombie of Haitian folklore, the modern zombie emerged in popular culture during the latter half of the twentieth century, with George A. Romero's seminal film Night of the Living Dead (1968).[4] The film received a sequel, Dawn of the Dead (1978), which was the most commercially successful zombie film at the time. It received another sequel Day of the Dead (1985), and inspired numerous works such as Zombi 2 (1979) and Return of the Living Dead (1985). However, zombie films that followed in the 1980s and 1990s were not as commercially successful as Dawn of the Dead in the late 1970s.[5]

In the 1980s Hong Kong cinema, the Chinese jiangshi, a zombie-like creature dating back to Qing dynasty era jiangshi fiction of the 18th and 19th centuries, was featured in a wave of jiangshi films, popularised by Mr. Vampire (1985). Hong Kong jiangshi films became popular in the Far East during the mid-1980s to early 1990s. Another American zombie film was produced in 1988, The Serpent and the Rainbow (film).

A zombie revival later began in the Far East during the late 1990s, inspired by the 1996 Japanese zombie video games Resident Evil and The House of the Dead, which led to a wave of low-budget Asian zombie films, such as the Hong Kong zombie comedy film Bio Zombie (1998) and Japanese zombie-action film Versus (2000).[6] The zombie film revival later went global, as the worldwide success of zombie games such as Resident Evil and The House of the Dead inspired a new wave of Western zombie films in the early 2000s,[6] including the British film 28 Days Later (2002), the sequel 28 Weeks Later, the Resident Evil film series, a 2004 Dawn of the Dead remake, and the British parody movie Shaun of the Dead (2004).[7][8][9] The success of these films led to the zombie genre reaching a new peak of commercial success not seen since the 1970s.[5]

Zombie films created in the 2000s, like 28 Days Later, House of the Dead, the Resident Evil films, and the Dawn of the Dead remake,[10] have featured zombies that are more agile, vicious, intelligent, and stronger than the traditional zombie.[11] These new fast running zombies have origins in video games, from Resident Evil's running zombie dogs and particularly the House of the Dead game's running human zombies.[10]

In the late 2010s, zombie films began declining in the Western world.[9] In Japan, on the other hand, the low-budget Japanese zombie comedy One Cut of the Dead (2017) became a sleeper hit, making box office history by earning over a thousand times its budget.[12]

List of zombie films
Main article: List of zombie films

See also

References
  1. Roberts, Lee (August 6, 2012). "White Zombie (1932) Review". best-horror-movies.com. Archived from the original on July 30, 2012. Retrieved November 5, 2012.
  2. Haddon, Cole (May 10, 2007). "Daze of the Dead 75 years of flesh-eating fun". Orlando Weekly. Retrieved November 5, 2012.
  3. Silver 2014, pp. 28–36.
  4. Maçek III, J.C. (15 June 2012). "The Zombification Family Tree: Legacy of the Living Dead". PopMatters.
  5. Booker, M. Keith (2010). Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels [2 volumes]: [Two Volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 662. ISBN 9780313357473.
  6. Newman, Kim (2011). Nightmare Movies: Horror on Screen Since the 1960s. A&C Black. p. 559. ISBN 9781408805039.
  7. Barber, Nicholas (21 October 2014). "Why are zombies still so popular?". BBC. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  8. Hasan, Zaki (April 10, 2015). "INTERVIEW: Director Alex Garland on Ex Machina". Huffington Post. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
  9. "How '28 Days Later' Changed the Horror Genre". The Hollywood Reporter. 29 June 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  10. Levin, Josh (2007-12-19). "How did movie zombies get so fast?". Slate.com. Retrieved 2013-11-05.
  11. Levin, Josh (24 March 2004). "Dead Run". Slate. Retrieved 4 December 2008.
  12. Nguyen, Hanh (31 December 2018). "'One Cut of the Dead': A Bootleg of the Japanese Zombie Comedy Mysteriously Appeared on Amazon". IndieWire. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
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