Zina Pitcher

Zina Pitcher (April 12, 1797 in Sandy Hill, New York – April 5, 1872 in Detroit) was an American physician, politician, educator, and academic administrator. He was a president of the American Medical Association, a two-time mayor of Detroit and a member of the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan.[1]

Zina Pitcher
18th Mayor of Detroit
In office 1843–1843
Preceded by	Douglass Houghton
Succeeded by	John R. Williams
16th Mayor of Detroit
In office 1840–1841
Preceded by	De Garmo Jones
Succeeded by	Douglass Houghton
Personal details
Born	April 12, 1797 Sandy Hill, New York
Died	April 5, 1872 (aged 74) Detroit, Michigan
Alma mater	Middlebury College
Profession	Physician

Portrait of Pitcher from 1852, by Alvah Bradish

Biography

Early life

Dr. Zina Pitcher was born in Sandy Hill, New York on April 12, 1797. He was the son of Nathaniel Pitcher Sr., who died in Sandy Hill, N.Y., 1802, and Margaret Stevenson, who died in Kingsbury, N.Y., in 1819. He was the younger half-brother of Nathaniel Pitcher, a future Governor of New York. (In his 1836 will, Nathaniel mentioned an Osage orange walking stick given to him by Zina.) Another of Zina's brothers was James Pitcher, who became the first mayor of the city of Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1835. Zina attended Middlebury College in Vermont and graduated in medicine in 1822.

Career

Pitcher joined the Army in 1822 as an assistant surgeon, and was promoted to the rank of major in 1836 as a full surgeon. He was president of the Army Medical Board in 1835, and resigned from the Army at the end of 1836.[2]

Pitcher was also an excellent botanist (not uncommon for medical professionals of his day). He collected and studied plants in the Great Lakes region, and the exceedingly rare Pitcher's thistle (Cirsium pitcheri) was first collected by him from the Grand Sable Dunes during his service as an Army surgeon; subsequently it was named for him as well.[3] At times Pitcher teamed with botanist Thomas Nuttall.[4]

He moved to Detroit, and was elected mayor for two separate terms, once from 1840–1841 and again in 1843. He was also a regent of the University of Michigan from 1837 until 1852. He served as president of the American Medical Association from 1856–1857, presiding over its annual meeting in Detroit.[2]

He died in Detroit on April 5, 1872 and is buried in Elmwood Cemetery.[5]

Commemoration

• The Zina Pitcher Collegiate Professorship of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan Medical School
• Zina Pitcher Place, a street leading into the University of Michigan Medical Center
• The Great Lakes endemic plant, Pitcher's thistle, named for its discoverer.

Notes

1. Kelly, Howard A.; Burrage, Walter L. (eds.). "Pitcher, Zina" . American Medical Biographies . Baltimore: The Norman, Remington Company.
2. Wilson & Fiske 1888, p. 31
3. Bill Collins (August 2004). "Dr. Zina Pitcher — Bandages, Beaches, Botany, and Ballots". Huron Ecologic. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
4. "Nuttall, Thomas & Pitcher, Z." Index of Botanists. Harvard University Herbarium. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
5. Franck 1996, p. 42
6. IPNI.  Pitcher.

References

• Franck, Michael S. (1996), Elmwood Endures: History of a Detroit Cemetery, Detroit: Wayne State University, ISBN 0-8143-2591-2
• Wilson, James G.; Fiske, John (1888), Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography, p. 31

External links

• Zina Pitcher at Find a Grave
• Elmwood Cemetery Biography