Yunti, Prince Xun

Yunti (10 February 1688 – 16 February 1755), born Yinzhen and also known as Yinti before 1722, formally known as Prince Xun, was a Manchu prince and military general of the Qing dynasty.

In this Manchu name, the given name is Yunti. In accordance with Manchu custom, it should be used solely or with titles but not with the clan name Aisin Gioro.
Yunti
Prince Xun of the Second Rank
Portrait of Yunti
Prince Xun of the Second Rank
Tenure1748–1755
SuccessorHongming
BornAisin Gioro Yinzhen
(愛新覺羅 胤禎)
(1688-02-10)10 February 1688
Beijing, China
Died16 February 1755(1755-02-16) (aged 67)
Beijing, China
ConsortsLady Wanyan
IssueHongchun
Hongming
Hongying
Hongkai
Princess of the Third Rank
Lady of the Second Rank
Lady of the Second Rank
Princess of the Third Rank
Princess of the Fourth Rank
Full name
Aisin Gioro Yunti
(愛新覺羅 允禵)
Posthumous name
Prince Xunqin of the Second Rank
(恂勤郡王)
HouseAisin Gioro
FatherKangxi Emperor
MotherEmpress Xiaogongren
Yunti, Prince Xun
Chinese允禵
Yinti
Chinese胤禵

Life

Kangxi era

Yunti was born "Yinzhen" (胤祯; 胤禎; Yìnzhēn) in the Aisin Gioro clan as the 14th son of the Kangxi Emperor. His mother was Empress Xiaogongren, who also bore the Yongzheng Emperor. As Yunti's birth name "Yinzhen" was similar to that of his fourth brother, Yinzhen (胤禛), it was changed to "Yinti" (胤禵).

In 1709, Yinti was granted the title of a beizi. In 1718, after Dzungar forces defeated a Qing army along the Salween River in Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor appointed Yinti as "Great General Who Pacifies the Frontier" (撫遠大將軍) to lead an army of 300,000 into Tibet to attack the Dzungars and their leader, Tsewang Rabtan. It was believed that this was a sign that the Kangxi Emperor was considering Yinti as a potential heir to his throne. In February 1720, Yinti ordered his deputies Galbi and Yanxin to set out from Xining to take Lhasa, while he remained in Xining to build up support with their Mongol allies and then escort the Seventh Dalai Lama to Lhasa. On 24 September 1720, Yinti's army captured Lhasa and returned the Dalai Lama to the Potala Palace.

Yongzheng era

On 21 December 1722, just as Yinti was planning for a conquest of the Dzungar Khanate, he received news of the Kangxi Emperor's death and was immediately summoned back to the capital, Beijing, to attend his father's funeral. His fourth brother, Yinzhen, succeeded their father and became historically known as the Yongzheng Emperor. Yinti and his brothers had to change the character Yin (胤) in their names to Yun (允) to avoid naming taboo, because the reigning emperor's personal name contained the character Yin.

In 1723, Yunti was promoted from beizi to junwang (second-rank prince). However, in the following year, he was demoted back to beizi. The Yongzheng Emperor perceived Yunti as a potential threat to his throne, so he stripped Yunti of his beizi title in 1725 and placed him under house arrest at Shouhuang Palace, in the present-day Jingshan Park.

Qianlong era

In 1735, the Yongzheng Emperor died and was succeeded by his fourth son Hongli, who became historically known as the Qianlong Emperor. The Qianlong Emperor released Yunti in the same year after his coronation. In 1737, Yunti was restored to the ranks of nobility as a fuguo gong (a lesser duke). Ten years later, in 1747, he was promoted to beile. In 1748, he was further promoted back to junwang and granted the title "Prince Xun of the Second Rank" (恂郡王).

Yunti died on 16 February 1755 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xunqin of the Second Rank (恂勤郡王). The Prince Xun peerage was inherited by his second son, Hongming (弘明; 1705–1767), who became a beile in 1735.

Family

Consorts and Issue:

  • Primary consort, of the Wanyan clan (嫡福晉 完顏氏)
    • Hongming, Prince Gongqin of the Third Rank (恭勤贝勒 弘明; 25 April 1705 – 4 February 1767), second son
    • Hongkai (弘暟; 31 December 1707 – 28 January 1759), fourth son
  • Secondary consort, of the Šušu Gioro clan (側福晉 舒舒覺羅氏)
    • Hongchun, Prince Tai of the Second Rank (泰郡王 弘春; 11 October 1703 – 3 March 1739), first son
    • Princess of the Third Rank (郡主; b. 5 December 1705), second daughter
      • Married Chenggunjab (成衮扎布) of the Harqin league in 10 February 1719
      • Married Senggunzabu (僧衮紮布) in 1719
    • Lady of the Second Rank (縣君; b. 22 June 1706), third daughter
      • Married Halu of the Namdulu clan in December 1727
    • Princess of the Third Rank (郡主; b. 8 August 1707), fifth daughter
  • Secondary consort, of the Irgen Gioro clan (側福晉 伊爾根覺羅氏)
    • First daughter (b. 20 February 1705)
    • Princess of the Second Rank (縣君; b. 17 November 1706), fourth daughter
      • Married Deshou (德绶) of the Aohan Borjigin clan
    • Hongying (弘映; 12 December 1707 – 29 August 1771), third son
  • Mistress, of the Wu clan (吳氏)
    • Sixth daughter (b. 22 February 1737)
  • Mistress, of the Irgen Gioro clan (伊爾根覺羅氏)
    • Princess of the Fourth Rank (縣主; b. 30 October 1753), seventh daughter
      • Married Erdengge of the Niohuru clan in December 1767

Ancestry
Nurhaci (1559–1626)
Hong Taiji (1592–1643)
Empress Xiaocigao (1575–1603)
Shunzhi Emperor (1638–1661)
Jaisang
Empress Xiaozhuangwen (1613–1688)
Boli (d. 1654)
Kangxi Emperor (1654–1722)
Yangzhen (d. 1621)
Tulai (1606–1658)
Empress Xiaokangzhang (1638–1663)
Lady Gioro
Yunti (1688–1755)
Ebogen
Esen
Weiwu
Empress Xiaogongren (1660–1723)
Lady Saiheli

See also

References
    • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Volumes 164, 220. China.
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