Yujeong

Samyeongdang (1544–1610), also known by his dharma name Yujeong, was a Korean Buddhist monk during the Joseon era. He is sometimes identified by his pen name, Song-un. He was born to a family of the Im clan in Miryang, Gyeongsang Province. After the deaths of his mother in 1558 and his father in 1559, he became a monk at Jikjisa on Hwangaksan in Gimcheon.

For people with the given name Yu-jeong, see Yoo-jung.
In this Korean name, the family name is Im.
Samyeong Daesa
사명대사 / 泗溟大師
Titlebhikṣu
Personal
Born1544
Joseon
Died1610
ReligionBuddhism
SchoolKorean Seon
Yujeong
Hangul
사명당
Hanja
泗溟堂 or 四溟堂
Revised RomanizationSamyeongdang
McCune–ReischauerSamŏngdang
Pen name
Hangul
송운 or 종봉
Hanja
松雲 or 鍾峯
Revised RomanizationSongun or Jongbong
McCune–ReischauerSongun or Chongbong
Birth name
Hangul
임응규
Revised RomanizationIm Eung-gyu
McCune–ReischauerIm Ŭnggyu
Courtesy name
Hangul
임이환
Hanja
離幻
Revised RomanizationIhwan
McCune–ReischauerIhwan
Dharma name
Hangul
유정
Hanja
惟政
Revised RomanizationYujeong
McCune–ReischauerYuchŏng
Posthumous name
Hangul
자통홍제존자
Hanja
慈通弘濟尊者
Revised RomanizationJatong hongjejonsa
McCune–ReischauerChat'ong hongjejonsa

Life

In 1561, he passed the seon-gwa, the specialized gwageo (civil service examinations) for Buddhist monks. He corresponded with various scholars of the time including Pak Saam, Heo Hagok, and Im Baekho. In 1575, he was recommended as head of the Seon order, but refused and instead traveled to Myohyangsan. There he was instructed by preceptor Hyujeong. He went on to pass three years at Bodeoksa on Mount Kumgang, and later traveled through Palgongsan, Cheongnyangsan, and Taebaeksan.

With the start of the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) in 1592, Yujeong joined his teacher Hyujeong's righteous army of monks. After Hyujeong retired due to his age, Yujeong took over the leadership of the army. He led the army into battles at Pyongyang and Uiryeong County in 1592, set up mountain fortresses through Gyeongsang in 1594, and joined in battle again at Ulsan and Suncheon.

In 1604, after the end of the war, he traveled to Japan on Seonjo of Joseon's orders to forge a peace accord with Tokugawa Ieyasu, and returned with 3500 Koreans who had been taken prisoner. Yujeong's diplomatic missions established a resilient foundation for a series of major Joseon missions to Japan.[1]

After his death in 1610 on Haeinsa, Yujeong was enshrined in the Pyochung Seowon in Miryang and at Suchungsa in Nyongbyon. He continues to be remembered in modern times, with numerous statues and other memorials around Korea. He has been cited together with Hyujeong as an example of a "patriotic-minded" Buddhist by the North Korean Buddhist Federation.[2] Yujeong's writings are preserved in the Samyeongjip (Korean: 사명대사집; Hanja: 四溟大師集) and Bunchungseo Nallok (Korean: 분충서난록; Hanja: 奮忠紓難錄).

See also

Notes
  1. (in Korean) "Yu Jeong", Encyclopædia Britannica Korean Edition
  2. "For the Building of an Elysium". KCCKP.net. 2005. Retrieved 2006-09-27.

References
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