World Federation of the Deaf
The World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) is an international non-governmental organization that acts as a peak body for national associations of Deaf people, with a focus on Deaf people who use sign language and their family and friends. WFD aims to promote the Human Rights of Deaf people worldwide, by working closely with the United Nations (with which it has consultative status) and various UN agencies such as the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO).[2] WFD is also a member of the International Disability Alliance (IDA).
 | |
| Formation | September 23, 1951[1] |
|---|---|
| Type | INGO[1] |
| Purpose | Human, Civil, and Linguistic rights of Deaf people. |
| Headquarters | Helsinki, Finland |
| Location |
|
| Coordinates | 60.221728°N 24.902643°E |
Region served | International |
President | Joseph Murray |
Vice President | Mr Kasper Bergmann |
| Website | wfdeaf |
The current 11 board members are all deaf. The offices are located in Helsinki, Finland.
History
The WFD was established in September 1951 in Rome, Italy, at the first World Deaf Congress, under the auspices of Ente Nazionale Sordomuti (ENS), the Italian Deaf Association.[3] The first president of WFD was Professor Vittorio Ieralla, who was also, at that time, president of the ENS. The congress was attended by representatives from 25 countries.
Dr. Cesare Magarotto was one of the founders of World Federation of the Deaf and its first General Secretary (1951-1987) along with Mr. Vittorio Ieralla who was elected as the President from 1951-1955.
Mr. Ieralla and Dr. Magarotto successfully convinced the Italian government to support their efforts to establish a WFD General Secretariat in Rome, in 1951. With continued support from the Italian government and later with the ENS, the WFD General Secretariat was able to establish informative and advocacy networks, with national federations of the Deaf around the world.[4] Decades later, the WFD General Secretariat relocated to Finland (1987), with support from the Finnish government and the Finnish national of the Deaf led by the former WFD General Secretary Dr. Liisa Kauppinen (WFD President Emeritius).
Status
WFD has B-category status with the United Nations and is represented on the following groups':[3]
- Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
- Regional Commissions
- Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
- Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)
- Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
- Economic Commission and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
- Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
- Panel of Experts on the UN Standard Rules for the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
- International Labour Organization (ILO)
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- World Bank
- Council of Europe
WFD provides expert advice on Deaf issues in its relationship with other international organizations and professional groups.
The legal seat of WFD is in Helsinki, Finland.[1]
Aims and objectives
At present, emphasis is placed on the following areas:[3]
Constituency
The WFD claims to represent 70 million deaf people worldwide, of which more than 80 percent live in developing countries. This is done mainly through membership of national deaf organisations, where such organisations exist. As of February 2009, 130 national associations are members. Associate members, international members and individual members also make up WFD’s membership base.
List of member associations (as of July 2014):[9]
| Associations | Country |
|---|---|
| Afghanistan National Association of the Deaf |  Afghanistan |
| Albanian National Association of the Deaf (ANAD) |  Albania |
| Fédération Nationale des Sourds d’Algérie (FNSA) |  Algeria |
| Confederación Argentina de Sordomudos |  Argentina |
| Armenian Deaf Society |  Armenia |
| Deaf Australia | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Australia |
| Österreichischer Gehörlosenbund |  Austria |
| Azerbaijan Deaf Public Union |  Azerbaijan |
| Bangladesh National Federation of the Deaf (BNFD) |  Bangladesh |
| Belarusian Society of the Deaf |  Belarus |
| Belgian Federation of Flemish Deaf Organisations (FEVLADO) |  Wallonia |
| Belgian Federation of Flemish Deaf Organisations (FEVLADO) |  Flanders |
| Association Nationale des Sourds du Benin |  Benin |
| Federación Boliviana de Sordos |  Bolivia |
| Association of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing |  Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Botswana Association of the Deaf (BAOD) |  Botswana |
| Federação Nacional de Educação e Integração dos Surdos (FENEIS) |  Brazil |
| Union of the Deaf in Bulgaria |  Bulgaria |
| Union Nationale des Associations des Deficients Auditifs du Burkina |  Burkina Faso |
| Association Nationale des Sourds du Burundi |  Burundi |
| Association Nationale Des Sourds du Cameroon |  Cameroon |
| Canadian Association of the Deaf (CAD) | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada |
| Chadian National Association of the Hearing Impaired (ANDAT) |  Chad |
| Asociación de Sordos de Chile (ASOCH) |  Chile |
| China Association of the Deaf |  China |
| Federación Nacional de Sordos de Colombia (FENASCOL) |  Colombia |
| Association Nationale des Sourds du Congo (ANSCO) |  Democratic Republic of Congo |
| Association Nationale des Sourds et Deficients Auditifs du Congo |  Republic of Congo |
| Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Costa Rica (ANASCOR) |  Costa Rica |
| Association Nationale des Sourds de Côte d'Ivoire (ANASOCI) |  Côte d'Ivoire |
| Croatian Association of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing |  Croatia |
| Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Cuba (ANSOC) |  Cuba |
| Cyprus Deaf Federation |  Cyprus |
| Union of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing in the Czech Republic |  Czech Republic |
| Danske Døves Landsforbund |  Denmark |
| Asociación Nacional de Sordos de la Republica Dominicana (ANSORDO) |  Dominican Republic |
| Federación Nacional de Sordos de Ecuador (FENESEC) |  Ecuador |
| Asociación Salvadoreña de Sordos (ASS) |  El Salvador |
| National Deaf Association of Eritrea |  Eritrea |
| Estonian Association of the Deaf (Eesti Kurtide Liit) |  Estonia |
| Ethiopian National Association of the Deaf (ENAD) |  Ethiopia |
| Fiji Association of the Deaf |  Fiji |
| Finnish Association of the Deaf (FAD) |  Finland |
| Fédération Nationale des Sourds de France (FNSF) |  France |
| Gambia Association of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (GADHOH) |  Gambia |
| Union of the Deaf of Georgia |  Georgia (country) |
| Deutscher Gehörlosen-Bund e.V. |  Germany |
| Ghana National Association of the Deaf |  Ghana |
| Hellenic Federation of the Deaf |  Greece |
| Asociación de Sordos de Guatemala (ASORGUA) |  Guatemala |
| Association Guinéenne des Sourds (A.G.S.) |  Republic of Guinea |
| Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Honduras |  Honduras |
| Hong Kong Association of the Deaf |  Hong Kong |
| Hungarian Association of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (SINOSZ) |  Hungary |
| Felag heyrnarlausra |  Iceland |
| All India Federation of the Deaf |  India |
| Indonesian Association for the Welfare of the Deaf (IAWD) |  Indonesia |
| Iranian National Center of the Deaf |  Iran |
| Irish Deaf Society (IDS) |  Ireland |
| Association of the Deaf in Israel |  Israel |
| Ente Nazionale Sordi (ENS) |  Italy |
| Japanese Federation of the Deaf (JFD) |  Japan |
| Kazakhstan Society of the Deaf |  Kazakhstan |
| Kenya National Association of the Deaf (KNAD) |  Kenya |
| Korean Association of the Deaf |  South Korea |
| Kuwait Club for the Deaf |  Kuwait |
| Latvian Association of the Deaf |  Latvia |
| Association de L'Oeuvre des Sourds-Muets au Liban |  Lebanon |
| National Association of the Deaf Lesotho |  Lesotho |
| Liberia National Association of the Deaf, Inc |  Liberia |
| Libyan General Federation of Deaf Societies (LGFDS) |  Libya |
| Lithuanian Deaf Association - Lietuvos kurčiųjų draugija (LKD) |  Lithuania |
| Macau Deaf Association |  Macau |
| Association of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing of Macedonija (SGNM) |  North Macedonia |
| Federation of the Deaf in Madagascar (FMM) |  Madagascar |
| Malawi National Association of the Deaf (MANAD) |  Malawi |
| Malaysia Federation of the Deaf (MFD) |  Malaysia |
| Mali Association of the Deaf (A.MA.Sourds) |  Mali |
| Deaf People Association |  Malta |
| Federación Mexicana de Sordos (FEMESOR) |  Mexico |
| Association of the Deaf of Republic Moldova |  Moldova |
| Mongolian Association of the Deaf |  Mongolia |
| Fédération Nationale des Sourds du Maroc |  Morocco |
| Association of the Deaf in Mozambique |  Mozambique |
| Namibian National Association of the Deaf (NNAD) |  Namibia |
| Nepal Deaf Federation (NDFN) |  Nepal |
| Dovenschap |  Netherlands |
| Deaf Aotearoa New Zealand (DANZ) |  New Zealand |
| Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Nicaragua (ANSNIC) |  Nicaragua |
| Association des Sourds du Niger |  Niger |
| Nigeria National Association of the Deaf |  Nigeria |
| Norges Døveforbund |  Norway |
| Pakistan Association of the Deaf (PAD) |  Pakistan |
| Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Panamá (ANSPA) |  Panama |
| Centro de Sordos del Paraguay |  Paraguay |
| Asociacion de Sordos del Perú (ASP) |  Perú |
| Philippine Federation of the Deaf, Inc (PFD) |  Philippines |
| Polski ZwiĄzek GŁuchych Polish Association of the Deaf |  Poland |
| Federacão Portuguesa das Associacões de Surdos (FPAS) |  Portugal |
| The Qatari Center of Social Cultural for the Deaf |  Qatar |
| Asociatia Nationalá a Suzilor din Romania |  Romania |
| All-Russian Society of the Deaf |  Russia |
| Rwanda National Union of the Deaf (RNUD) |  Rwanda |
| Association Nationale des Sourds du Senegal |  Senegal |
| Savez Gluvih I Nagluvih Srbije I Crne Gore (SGNSCG) |  Serbia |
| Sierra Leone Association of the Deaf |  Sierra Leone |
| Singapore Association for the Deaf |  Singapore |
| Asociácia Nepočujúcich Slovenska (ANEPS) |  Slovak Republic |
| Zvesa društev gluhih in naglušnih Slovenije (ZGNS) |  Slovenia |
| Somali National Association of the Deaf |  Somalia |
| Deaf Federation of South Africa (DEAFSA) |  South Africa |
| Confederación Estatal de Personas Sordas (CNSE) |  Spain |
| Sri Lanka Central Federation of the Deaf (CFD) |  Sri Lanka |
| Sudanese National Society for the Deaf |  Sudan |
| Swaziland National Association of the Deaf |  Swaziland |
| Swedish National Association of the Deaf (SDR) |  Sweden |
| Schweizerischer Gehörlosenbund, Fédération Suisse des Sourds (SGB-FSS) |  Switzerland |
| Syrian Federation of Societies for the Welfare of the Deaf |  Syria |
| Tajik Society of the Deaf |  Tajikistan |
| Tanzania Association of the Deaf |  Tanzania |
| National Association of the Deaf in Thailand (NADT) |  Thailand |
| Association des Sourds du Togo |  Togo |
| Association Voix du Sourd de Tunisie |  Tunisia |
| Turkish National Federation of the Deaf |  Turkey |
| Uganda National Association of the Deaf (UNAD) |  Uganda |
| Ukrainian Society of the Deaf (USD) |  Ukraine |
| British Deaf Association (BDA) |  United Kingdom |
| National Association of the Deaf (NAD) |  United States of America |
| Asociación de Sordos del Uruguay |  Uruguay |
| Uzbek Society of the Deaf |  Uzbekistan |
| Federación Venezolana de Sordos (FEVENSOR) |  Venezuela |
| Zambia National Association of the Deaf |  Zambia |
| Zimbabwe National Association of the Deaf (ZIMNAD) |  Zimbabwe |
World Congress
The World Congress of the World Federation of the Deaf has been held every four years since 1951. Organised by the WFD and the host country, this event is attended by thousands of Deaf people from all over the world. As well as convening the General Assembly (the highest decision-making body of the WFD) and forming the guidelines for the next four years of its work, the congress holds a large cultural program including theatre performances, cinema, exhibitions, performing arts, visits to local places of interest.[10]
| Number | Year | Month/Dates | Location | Theme |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (I) | 1951 | September 21 | Rome, Italy | (no theme) |
| 2 (II) | 1955 | Zagreb, Yugoslavia | (no theme) | |
| 3 (III) | 1959 | August 22–26 | Wiesbaden, Federal Republic of Germany | (no theme) |
| 4 (IV) | 1963 | August 17–21 | Stockholm, Sweden | (no theme) |
| 5 (V) | 1967 | August 10–17 | Warsaw, Poland | The Deaf Among Hearing Persons |
| 6 (VI) | 1971 | July 31 - August 5 | Paris, France | The Deaf Person in the World in Evolution |
| 7 (VII) | 1975 | July 31 - August 8 | Washington, D.C., United States of America | Full Citizenship for All Deaf People |
| 8 (VIII) | 1979 | Varna, Bulgaria | The Deaf People in Modern Society | |
| 9 (IX) | 1983 | Palermo, Italy | Deafness Today & Tomorrow: Reality & Utopia | |
| 10 (X) | 1987 | July 20–28 | Espoo (Helsinki), Finland | One World - One Responsibility |
| 11 (XI) | 1991 | July | Tokyo, Japan | Equality and Self-Reliance |
| 12 (XII) | 1995 | July 6–15 | Vienna, Austria | Towards Human Rights |
| 13 (XIII) | 1999 | July 25–31 | Brisbane, Australia | Diversity and Unity |
| 14 (XIV) | 2003 | July 18–26 | Montréal, Canada | Opportunities and Challenges in the 21st Century[11] |
| 15 (XV) | 2007 | July 16–22 | Madrid, Spain | Human Rights through Sign Languages[12] |
| 16 (XVI) | 2011 | July 18–24 | Durban, South Africa | Global Deaf Renaissance[13] |
| 17 (XVII) | 2015 | July 28 - August 1 | Istanbul, Turkey | Strengthening Human Diversity[14] |
| 18 (XVIII) | 2019 | July 23 - 27 | Paris, France | Sign Language Rights for All[15] |
During the 14th Congress the World Association of Sign Language Interpreters (WASLI) was established.[16]
Presidents
- 1951-1955 : Vittorio Ieralla Italia
- 1955-1983 : Dragoljub Vukotić
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Yugoslavia - 1983-1995 : Yerker Andersson(1929-2016 aged:87) USA
- 1995-2003 : Liisa Kauppinen Finland
- 2003-2011 : Markku Jokinen Finland
- 2011-2019 : Colin Allen (WFD President) Australia
- 2019- : Joseph Murray USA
See also
- International Sign
- List of sign languages
- European Union of the Deaf
- National Association of the Deaf (United States)
- National Association of the Deaf (Italy)
- European Union of the Deaf Young
- World Association of Sign Language Interpreters
- World Federation of the Deaf Young Section
References
- "FAQ". World Federation of the Deaf. Archived from the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "World federation of the Deaf's entry on the website of the United Nations". Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "Our philosophy". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "Our Story". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "Fact Sheet". World Federation of the Deaf. Archived from the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "Education rights for Deaf children". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "Work Done by Member Organisations in Developing Countries". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "WFD Work in Developing Countries". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "Members". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "World Congress". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "14th World Congress of the World Federation of the Deaf: July 18-26, 2003: Montréal, Québec, Canada: abstracts book". Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "NAD Participates In World Federation Of The Deaf Conference". July 18, 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "XVI World Congress Resolution of the World Federation of the Deaf". Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "Closing Ceremony – XVII World Congress of the WFD". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- "XVIII World Congress of the World Federation of the Deaf". World Federation of the Deaf. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- History of WASLI Retrieved 7 January 2019.