Works based on Alice in Wonderland

Lewis Carroll's books Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1871) have been highly popular in their original forms, and have served as the basis for many subsequent works since they were published. They have been adapted directly into other media, their characters and situations have been appropriated into other works, and these elements have been referenced innumerable times as familiar elements of shared culture. Simple references to the two books are too numerous to list; this list of works based on Alice in Wonderland focuses on works based specifically and substantially on Carroll's two books about the character of Alice.

Feeding the Rabbits also known as Alice in Wonderland by Frederick Morgan (1856-1927)

Carolyn Sigler[1] has shown that Carroll's two great fantasies inspired dozens of imitations, responses, and parodies during the remainder of the nineteenth century and the first part of the twentieth — so many that Carroll at one point began his own collection of Alice imitations. In 1887, one critic even suggested that Carroll had plagiarized Tom Hood's From Nowhere to the North Pole (1875) when writing Alice — although Hood's work came out ten years after Alice and was one of its many imitations.[2]

The primary wave of Alice-inspired works slackened after about 1920, though Carroll's influence on other writers has never fully waned.

Literature and publications

Literary retellings and sequels
  • 1890 – The Nursery "Alice" by Lewis Carroll himself, a short version of the story written for little children.
  • 1895 – A New Alice in the Old Wonderland, a novel by Anna M. Richards in which a different Alice, Alice Lee, travels to Wonderland and meets many of the characters of Carroll's books as well as others. (New edition 2009, ISBN 978-1-904808-35-0)
  • c1897 – Gladys in Grammarland, a parody by Audrey Mayhew Allen illustrated by Henry Clarence Pitz in which a recalcitrant schoolgirl meets many grammar Imps which help to educate her. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-57-2)
  • 1902 – The Westminster Alice, a parody by "Saki" illustrated by Francis Carruthers Gould critical of the Second Boer War in which Alice meets many British politicians of the time. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-54-1)
  • 1902 – Clara in Blunderland, a parody by "Caroline Lewis" critical of the Second Boer War in which Clara represents Leader of the House of Commons Arthur Balfour. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-49-7)
  • 1903 – Lost in Blunderland, a sequel to Clara in Blunderland criticizing Arthur Balfour after he was made Prime Minister. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-50-3)
  • 1904 – John Bull's Adventures in the Fiscal Wonderland, a parody by Charles Geake and Francis Carruthers Gould critical of British economic policies of the time, in which the part of Alice is played by John Bull. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-51-0)
  • 1907 – Alice in Blunderland: An Iridescent Dream, a parody by American humourist John Kendrick Bangs making fun of big business and big government. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-56-5)
  • 1917 - New Adventures of Alice by artist John Rae, in which a young girl called Betsey dreams in bed about finding a new Alice book she had longed for since she read the first two and from there. The story follows Alice as she goes on another deep sleep adventure encountering characters and scenarios mostly based on the Mother Goose Rhymes. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-53-4)
  • 1923 – Alice in Grammarland, a play by Louise Franklin Bache and illustrated by "Claudine", in which Alice attends a courtroom scene in Grammarland where questions of grammar are discussed. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-57-2)
  • 1925 - Alice in Orchestralia by Ernest La Prade has another girl named Alice meeting animated musical instruments and learning about the symphony orchestra. A second edition was issued in 1934 under the title Alice in Orchestra-Land.
  • 1984 – Alice Through the Needle's Eye by Gilbert Adair, a sequel to Carroll's Alice books. (New edition 2012, ISBN 978-1-78201-000-5)
  • 1996 – Automated Alice by Jeff Noon. In this illustrated novella, Alice enters a grandfather clock and emerges in future Manchester, which has many bizarre denizens including an invisible cat named Quark and Celia, the Automated Alice.
  • 1998 – Otherland by Tad Williams, a science fiction series heavily influenced by Alice. There are sections involving a Red Queen, the chess-squares concept from Looking Glass, and evil men following the protagonists who take the form of Tweedledum and Tweedledee several times. There are four volumes in this series: City of Golden Shadow (Hardcover 1996, Paperback 1998); River of Blue Fire (Hardcover 1998, Paperback 1999); Mountain of Black Glass (Hardcover 1999, Paperback 2000); Sea of Silver Light (Hardcover 2001, Paperback 2002)
  • 2006 – The Looking Glass Wars, and its follow-up novel, Seeing Redd (2007), written by Frank Beddor, depict an alternative to Carroll's Alice, implying that Carroll in fact distorted the story of Princess Alyss Heart (a.k.a. Alice Liddell) who had been sent to Earth when the evil Queen Redd conquered Wonderland. The series follows Alyss' exploits with familiar characters cast in new roles. The third book in the trilogy, Arch-Enemy, was published in October 2009.
  • 2007 - Alice in Sunderland is a graphic novel by comics writer and artist Bryan Talbot. It explores the links between Lewis Carroll and the Sunderland area, with wider themes of history, myth and storytelling — and the truth about what happened to Sid James on stage at the Sunderland Empire Theatre.
  • 2009 – Wonderland Revisited and the Games Alice Played There, a novel by Keith Sheppard, in which Alice finds herself back in Wonderland and has a number of a boardgame-themed adventures. (ISBN 978-1-904808-34-3)
  • 2010 – Alice in Verse: The Lost Rhymes of Wonderland, by J.T. Holden, is a reimagining of Lewis Carroll's classic tales, written entirely in rhyming verse. (Hardcover)
  • 2015 – Alice (The Chronicles of Alice) by Christina Henry (ISBN 9780425266793)
  • 2015 – After Alice by Gregory Maguire (ISBN 978-0060548957)
  • 2016 – Red Queen (The Chronicles of Alice) by Christina Henry (ISBN 978-0425266809)
  • 2017 – The Secret Way of Alice by Travis Arias, is an introduction to the process of spiritual development in the form of commentaries and explanations of the ideas, symbols and characters found in Lewis Carroll's “Alice´s Adventures in Wonderland”.
  • 2020 – Looking Glass (The Chronicles of Alice) by Christina Henry (ISBN 9781984805638)

Literature containing allusions and influences

Comics, manga, and graphic novels
  • Several Batman villains are based on characters from the books:
  • Heart no Kuni no Alice (Alice in the Country of Hearts), written by Quin Rose, is a manga series based on Alice in Wonderland.
  • Alan Moore's comic, The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume II, contains a section called "The New Traveller's Almanac". The almanac contains reports about investigations of various strange locations and phenomena well known from fiction, including a thinly-veiled discussion of Alice on p. 28, in which it is revealed that after returning from her adventures through the looking-glass her organs were all on the wrong side of her body and she was no longer able to digest normal food.[4]
  • Alan Moore also included teenage and adult versions of Alice as characters in his erotic graphic novel, Lost Girls.
  • Another Japanese manga series, called Pandora Hearts, contains heavy references to Alice in Wonderland. The main character is Oz Vessalius, who finds the mysterious girl Alice and eventually begins fighting against and among Chains (creatures from a certain dimension known as the Abyss), whose names are taken directly from the book (Mad Hatter, March Hare, etc.), in order to regain her lost memories. There was also an omake between chapters 44 and 45 called "Gil in Wonderland", which parodies the beginning of Alice in Wonderland. Gilbert, another character from the series, takes the place of Alice and falls down a rabbit hole.
  • In 2008, Disney Press and Slave Labor Graphics released a graphic novel called Wonderland about the White Rabbit's housemaid, Mary Ann. It is written by Tommy Kovac and illustrated by Sonny Liew.
  • An issue of the comic book series Marvel Fairy Tales is a basic retelling of Alice in Wonderland, with the superheroine Stature playing the role of Alice. There are also Wonderland versions of her fellow Young Avengers along with her father Scott Lang and Tigra (as the Cheshire Cat).
  • In the anime series Kyousogiga, the protagonist enters the "mirror capital" in search of a black rabbit. The ONA preceding the show begins with the poem A Boat Beneath a Sunny Sky from Through the Looking-Glass.
  • Alice in Murderland, a manga series by Kaori Yuki
  • A Japanese manga series, called Alice in Borderland was released in 2014. The manga also takes names of characters from the original story as nicknames of the manga characters. The main characters, Arisu, Karube, and Chōta, are transported into a seemingly post-apocalyptic-like parallel world. After stepping into what seems to be an empty festival, they are greeted by a woman who tells them that they have been taken to a world called "Borderland" and must now participate in deadly games. A 3-episode original video animation (OVA) was released in 2014 to 2015 and a Netflix live-action adaptation series was released in 2020.

Film
Main article: Films and television programmes based on Alice in Wonderland

Not to be confused with actual adaptations of the Alice and Looking-Glass books, these are films which are based on elements of the books.

Animation
  • Betty in Blunderland (1934), Betty Boop's adventures in Wonderland.
  • Thru the Mirror (1936), Mickey Mouse's adventures in a dream world inspired by reading Through the Looking-Glass (but with animated cards as in Alice in Wonderland).
  • Nippon Animation produced an anime of Alice in Wonderland in 1983 to 1984. This anime is an adaptation of an original story in which Alice and her rabbit Benny take a trip to Wonderland, returning home at the end of each episode.
  • The Care Bears Adventure in Wonderland, a 1987 film where Wonderland is visited by the Care Bears. In her depiction in this cartoon, Alice wears a dress with hearts on it and also a heart-shaped coronet, appearing different from standard depictions in that her dress resembles that of the Queen of Hearts' royal nobility.
  • Neco z Alenky (Alice) A 1988 full-length stop motion animation by Czech Republic artist Jan Švankmajer.
  • Miyuki-chan in Wonderland (1993), an anime, adapted from a manga by Clamp, is an erotic lesbian rendition of Alice.
  • Mindy in Wonderland (November 1996), Animaniacs cartoon
  • Project ARMS (プロジェクトアームズ? Puroziĕkutoāmuzu) (1997) is a manga/anime series that is heavily influenced by "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". The ARMS weapons are named after characters in Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland.
  • Alice SOS (April 1998), where four kids go on an adventure to different worlds to rescue Alice after she has been kidnapped by a mysterious evil horse.
  • Serial Experiments Lain (July 1998) tells the story of a girl who is drawn into the cyberspace "underground" of the Wired, and features a character named Arisu ("Alice") Mizuki (this character is a second use of one created by the scenarist, Chiaki Konaka, for the animation "Alice in Cyberland").
  • Cardcaptor Sakura has two episodes in the anime adaptation that refer to the Alice stories:
    1. "Sakura's Little Adventure" (October 1998) subtly references Alice's Adventures in Wonderland as Sakura is shrunken by the Clow Card called The Little and wears a dress resembling the one worn by Alice in the original illustrations and the 1951 Disney movie.
    2. "Sakura in Wonderland" (1999) is more clearly based on the Alice stories. Sakura portrays Alice while the supporting characters in the anime series portray several other characters in the Alice stories.
  • Gakuen Alice' (2003) is about a school where people's unique abilities are called "Alices". The currency used is a "rabbit". In the anime adaptation, the main character Mikan is dressed in Alice's Disney-recognized blue dress and wandering through Wonderland in the opening credits.
  • Kagihime Monogatari Eikyuu Alice Rondo (February 2004), a manga turned anime that focuses on the completion of a fictional sequel called The Eternal Alice.
  • Brandy & Mr. Whiskers (August 21, 2004) is somewhat similar to the Alice books; the main heroine falls into the Amazon because of a white rabbit, and encounters creatures like bickering twins and a tyrannical dictator.
  • Pandora Hearts is a 2006 manga (with 2009 anime) about a boy, Oz, who gets banished into the prison known as the "Abyss", and is saved by a "Chain" known as Alice. The mystery begins as Oz unravels the secrets behind Alice's lost memories, his own mysterious past, the Abyss and the strange organization known as Pandora. It heavily references Carroll's Alice books.
  • Eleanor's Secret (2009; original French title: Kérity la maison des contes), is an animated film about a boy who inherits a library of fairy tale books; the characters come out of the books and talk to the boy and they go together on an adventure. Alice and White Rabbit are among the most prominently featured characters and sections from the book are read aloud in several languages in the film.
  • Black Butler (or kuroshitsuji) is a Japanese anime, with original story by Yana Toboso. There was a TV series titled Ciel in Wonderland based on Alice in Wonderland. It was about Ciel Phantomhive who followed his butler, Sebastian, after noticing bunny ears and tail appearing on him, to a place called "Wonderland". He was trying to find the "white rabbit", which is actually Sebastian, but while at it, there were some people in his way and took him longer to find the white rabbit. Everyone there called him "Alice".
  • Code Geass is a Japanese anime which had an OVA based on Alice in Wonderland called "Nunnally in Wonderland". The story resolves about the main character, Lelouch, wishing to please his sister Nunnally. To do that he uses his power to hypnotize all other characters into believing they're characters from the story Alice in Wonderland, his sister getting the role of Alice.
  • Ouran High School Host Club is a Japanese Romance and Comedy anime. In OVA episode 13. It titled "Haruhi in Wonderland!" Haruhi's dream about the day of her admission into Ouran High School becomes an illusionary Alice in a Wonderland fantasy in which the various other members of the cast take on the roles of characters from the story.

Television
  • Alice in Wonderland (or What's a Nice Kid Like You Doing in a Place Like This?), a 1966 ABC animated comedy special very loosely based on the book, in which Hedda Hopper is caricatured (with the help of her voice) as Hedda the Mad Hatter, and both Fred Flintstone and Barney Rubble from The Flintstones played the Caterpillar.[6]
  • Lost In Space (1965–1968) in episode (1-21) "The Magic Mirror" Penny goes through a mirror and discovers another universe with a lonely little boy as its sole occupant.
  • An episode of Star Trek titled "Shore Leave" features a recreated white rabbit and Alice, brought to life by a computer which can make thoughts become reality.
  • Carl Sagan's television series, Cosmos: A Personal Voyage (1980), used the Mad Hatter's Tea Party to illustrate the effects of higher and higher gravity, culminating in a black hole, in Episode 9: "The Lives of the Stars", a segment called "Gravity in Wonderland", viewable on YouTube here.
  • The Disney Channel series Adventures in Wonderland (1991–1995) is based on the first book, featuring many of the major characters. Also, Alice enters Wonderland in each episode by walking through her mirror, an allusion to the second book.
  • Lost (2004–2010) is heavily influenced by Alice in Wonderland and contains many references to Alice's world. The third-season finale was also named after the second book.
  • This is Wonderland (2004–2006), a Canadian legal drama/comedy which follows the main character Alice De Raey as she encounters characters ranging from the truly desperate to the bizarre, is partly inspired by the characters of the Alice books.
  • Alice (2009) is a Syfy channel miniseries based on the novels, but set in the modern day, where Wonderland has evolved to today's standards and Alice as a dark-haired assertive woman instead of the blond child she is in the original.
  • Warehouse 13, a Syfy channel TV series, featured an evil version of Alice during the second half of season 1. In the show, Lewis Carroll's books weren't fake, but chronicles based on Alice's adventures in Wonderland masquerading as fiction. The mirror she passed through, after enough uses, made Alice go "Mad as a Hatter", turning her into a sociopathic killer.
  • Once Upon a Time in Wonderland (2013) is an ABC channel miniseries based on the novels, a spinoff from the successful TV series "Once Upon A Time". Both series combines elements from various Disney movies and are greatly inspired by the narration of LOST, which the creators also worked on. In this version Alice gets locked in an asylum, believed to be insane after her telling of Wonderland. Her doctors aim to cure her with a treatment that will make her forget everything about Wonderland and the boyfriend she lost there. Just in the nick of time, she gets saved and transported back to Wonderland by the wisecracking Knave of Hearts and the White Rabbit. Now Alice is determined to find her love while evading the plots of Jafar and the Red Queen, all the while dealing with the whimsical dangers of Wonderland, including the mysterious Jabberwocky.

Theatre

Art

Music

Classical music and opera

Music inspired by, referencing, or incorporating texts from the Alice books include:

Games

Computer and video games
  • In the Korean MMORPG MapleStory, an area called Root Abyss is based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Alicia is a character based on Alice, and three of the four bosses are based on the characters of the novel: Von Bon is a chicken based on the White Rabbit, Pierre is a clown based on the Hatter, and the Crimson Queen is a many-faced queen based on the Queen of Hearts. Some minor NPCs in Root Abyss are also based on other characters of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland".
  • Alice in Wonderland developed by Etranges Libellules. Based on the 2010 Tim Burton film.
  • The 2000 Game Boy Color video game Alice in Wonderland published by Nintendo.
  • Alice: An Interactive Museum (1990), a point-and-click visual novel created by the influential Japanese computer graphics designer, Haruhiko Shono. Winner of the 1991 MITI Multimedia Grand Prix Award.
  • Alice in Wonderland was adapted into a computer game by Windham Classics in 1985. It is presented as a platform game involving puzzle-solving and simplistic word parsers akin to a text adventure. The game was remade later for Philips CD-I with clay animation graphics.
  • American McGee's Alice is a macabre computer game which chronologically takes place following the two Alice books.
  • Alice: Madness Returns is a direct sequel to American McGee's Alice and features Alice, now almost an adult, that tries to tackle the unresolved psychological issues related to the death of her family. Directly related to her fractured mind, the Wonderland is destroyed and a mysterious train rampages the remains.
  • The RPG Kingdom Hearts includes Alice as a plot character. Also, Disney's version of Wonderland appears as one of the first worlds.
  • In the intro to the Nintendo 64 game, Chameleon Twist, a rabbit runs through a forest stating he is late for something and jumps into a tree trunk and warps to a magical world. The player's character follows the rabbit into the magical world. A sequel was made called Chameleon Twist 2 and the rabbit and the magical world are once again featured.
  • The otome game Heart no Kuni no Alice and its sequels Clover no Kuni no Alice and Joker no Kuni no Alice use a story and world based on Alice in Wonderland as well as many of its characters as protagonists. The titles of the games themselves are a play on the Japanese title of Alice in Wonderland; ふしぎの国のアリス (Fushigi no Kuni no Arisu)
  • In the RPG Megami Tensei series and its subsequent spin-offs, Alice is a major boss and a summon that you can obtain.
  • In the PC-98 game Mystic Square of the Touhou Project, one of the boss characters is named Alice. She is inspired by the story: the background music for the Extra Stage where she appears again is titled "Alice in Wonderland", and playing cards appear as enemies; the mid-boss is a King card soldier. Alice later returns in Perfect Cherry Blossom and other games of the series.
  • In A Witch's Tale, several major characters and some areas are directly inspired by and even named after things from "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", while some other areas draw from other fairy tales.
  • Wonderland (1990), an illustrated text adventure by Magnetic Scrolls.

Role-playing games
  • Dungeonland and The Land Beyond the Magic Mirror are translations of the two books into Advanced Dungeons and Dragons terms. Written by AD&D creator Gary Gygax, they were released in the 1980s as two gaming adventures (or modules). In the game, all of Carroll's characters are translated into horrifically deadly AD&D equivalents—for example, the Cheshire Cat became a sabretooth tiger (smilodon).
  • Similarly, the Vorpal Sword, a magical sword that can cut through just about anything, has been a magical weapon in Dungeons and Dragons for many editions. Advanced Dungeons and Dragons also includes the Jabberwock from Jabberwocky as one of its many monsters.
  • An adventure module for the role-playing game Paranoia was titled Alice Through the Mirrorshades, referring to both Through the Looking-Glass and the cyberpunk genre.
  • Wonderland, a.k.a. JAGS Wonderland, is a role-playing game by Marco Chacon and published by Better Mousetrap Games that is based on the perspective of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland as being horrific rather than merely fanciful.
  • Jabberwocks were among the many monsters spawned by Chaos in the Warhammer Fantasy setting, alongside such beings as Cockatrices and Manticores. They were phased out as the editions passed, but the recent "Jabberslythe" from the Beasts of Chaos army is an obvious reference to the Jabberwock and its former presence in the Warhammer world.

Science and technology
  • The Eindhoven University of Technology built the interactive ALICE installation based on the narrative Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.[22] It addresses the western culture characteristics highlighted in the narrative. Six stages were selected and implemented as an interactive experience.
  • Richard Gregory in his book Mirrors in Mind, questions why looking-glass images are right-left reversed. He explains with diagrams the reversals occurring in Carroll's Through The Looking-Glass while also pondering how a scientific phenomenon is reflected in the vocabulary of the text, dwelling on the importance of words such as "re-turning", "behind", "back".

Tourist attractions

Food

See also

Notes
  1. Sigler, Carolyn, ed. Alternative Alices: Visions and Revisions of Lewis Carroll's "Alice" Books. Lexington, KY, University Press of Kentucky, 1997.
  2. Sigler, p. 206.
  3. White, Mark D.; Arp, Robert (2009). Batman and Philosophy: The Dark Knight of the Soul. John Wiley & Sons. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-470-53280-5.
  4. Nevins, Jess. "Notes on League of Extraordinary Gentlemen v2 #2". Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  5. "Fangoria 211" – via Internet Archive.
  6. "Alice in Wonderland or What's a Nice Kid Like You Doing in a Place Like This?". 30 March 1966. Retrieved 1 February 2017 – via IMDb.
  7. "Alice in Wonderland Statue in Central Park". Atlas Obscura.
  8. Carroll, Raymond (May 20, 2008). The Complete Illustrated Map and Guidebook to Central Park. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 9781402758331 – via Google Books.
  9. Meier, Allison (February 15, 2016). "The Unsung Female Muses of New York's Public Sculpture". Hyperallergic.
  10. Howard Halle (March 20, 2020). "10 great outdoor sculptures in NYC you can visit on a socially-distanced stroll". Time Out New York.
  11. Morton N. Cohen (1996). Lewis Carroll: A Biography. Vintage Books. p. 8. ISBN 0-679-74562-9.
  12. "Alice Window". All Saints' Church, Daresbury. Retrieved 2011-12-28.
  13. "Camerata Academica of the Antipodes concert: Corelli, Purcell, Bach, Nachez, Gilbert and Sullivan". 2015-01-21. Retrieved 2016-05-02.
  14. "'I Am the Walrus' - 100 Greatest Beatles Songs". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
  15. Walt Disney Records (Press Release) (January 12, 2010). "Buena Vista Records Presents ALMOST ALICE Featuring Other Voices from WONDERLAND". EarthTimes. Retrieved 26 January 2010.
  16. "Boeing Duveen And The Beautiful Soup". Discogs.
  17. "iTunes - Music - White Rabbit - Single by Egypt Central". Itunes.apple.com. 2011-03-01. Retrieved 2012-03-15.
  18. Gavin Baddeley (2015). Dissecting Marilyn Manson. Plexus Publishing. p. 322. ISBN 978-0-85965-876-8.
  19. Alice is Still in Wonderland, BBC, 25 December 2015, retrieved 19 June 2016
  20. Alice in Wonderland (Kern) at Wikisource
  21. "Bill Evans Trio Sunday at the Village Vanguard Review by Thom Jurek". www.allmusic.com. All Media Network LLC. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  22. Hu, J., Bartneck, C., Salem, B., & Rauterberg, M. (2008). ALICE's Adventures in Cultural Computing. International Journal of Arts and Technology, 1(1), 102–118. | doi:10.1504/IJART.2008.019885| html
  23. "Sarah Myerscough (Artist) – Alice in Wonderland 2006 – Blackpool Illuminations Gallery". www.sarahmyerscough.co.uk. Retrieved 12 August 2009.
  24. "Blackpool Pleasure Beach – Alice Ride". www.blackpoolpleasurebeach.com. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  25. "Sarah Myerscough (Artist) – Mad Hatter (Alice in Wonderland Ride) – Blackpool Pleasure Beach Gallery". www.sarahmyerscough.co.uk. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.