Wildcat Stage Productions
Wildcat Stage Productions was an influential left-wing theatre and music production company based in Glasgow.[1] Founded in 1978 as a spin-off from the 7:84 Company, it formed a key part of the Scottish touring theatre network for the next 20 years, creating more than 80 shows and giving many thousands of performances across Scotland, the UK and internationally.[2] The company was named after the term for unofficial industrial action, excluding the word “theatre” from its name to avoid middle-class or bourgeois associations.
Wildcat launched the careers of a number of now familiar Scottish talent including Dave Anderson, Blythe Duff, Peter Mullan, and Elaine C. Smith. It also premiered The Steamie, one of the best loved pieces of popular entertainment in Scotland in the last half century.[3] In 1997, as part of a wider review, the Scottish Arts Council, precursor to Creative Scotland, withdrew its funding.[2] Despite an energetic campaign to reverse the decision, up to and including questions in Parliament,[4][5] the Company was not able to continue without regular funding and eventually closed its doors a year later.[2]
History
The company was founded by David MacLennan and Dave Anderson. MacLennan grew up in Glasgow but was educated at Fettes College and the University of Edinburgh, before dropping out to become a roadie for 7:84. The founder of 7:84, the writer and director John McGrath, was married to MacLennan's sister Elizabeth MacLennan who played many of the leading roles in 7:84 productions. Brother and sister both appeared in the now legendary ceilidh play The Cheviot, the Stag and the Black Black Oil which first toured Scotland in 1973/4.
Anderson also grew up in Glasgow in a family of accomplished (but not professional) musicians (Dawson Scott, R. (August 22, 2020) personal interview). He and Alex Norton, another member of the cast of The Cheviot, were friends from the Scottish folk music circuit. At Norton’s urging, Anderson broke into his honeymoon on the Isle of Skye to come and see the show and quickly became involved in the company.[6] A shared love of rock'n'roll and a fascination with pantomime and Scottish variety brought the two Daves, as they became known, together. In 1977, they collaborated on a show for 7:84 about the music industry called His Master's Voice, “a play in which rock music was core to the medium, rather than supporting scenes.”[7]
Following its success, Anderson and MacLennan decided that they wanted to emphasise the musical content of their work using a more rocky and less folky sound. With McGrath’s blessing (and indeed with some left over 7:84 funding, transferred over when McGrath decided to take a sabbatical[8]), the two of them left 7:84 to set up Wildcat along with Ferelith Lean, McLennan’s then wife, as administrator.[1]
Operating at first out of a small office in Otago Street, Glasgow, the company's first production, in September 1978, was The Painted Bird which addressed the then far less fashionable subject of mental health. Co-written, as the majority of all the company’s shows were to be, by MacLennan and Anderson, it was warmly welcomed by critics and audiences alike. “Wildcat's debut on Thursday, on a ramshackle stage before a capacity house in the McLellan Galleries, was one of the most hopeful omens for Scotland's theatrical future” was the verdict of the Glasgow Herald.[9] The company quickly won their own funding support from the Scottish Arts Council.[2]
The company had many homes. They pioneered the use of the Pleasance Theatre in Edinburgh, now the home of a massive complex of venues during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. It was offered what became the Clyde Theatre in Clydebank, originally part of the Singer Sewing Machine site.[10] And it also worked at the Crawfurd Theatre, part of the teacher training campus at Jordanhill college.
All the while, the company's scale and reputation was rising steadily.[2] Its single most successful show, The Steamie (see below) began life as a small-scale tour in 1987. By contrast, in 1988, The Celtic Story filled the cavernous Pavilion Theatre in Glasgow for several weeks.[11] Other large scale productions used the King's Theatre in Edinburgh (The Silver Darlings) and the newly converted Tramway venue (Border Warfare)[12] in Glasgow.
These two shows represented a renewal of the connection with John McGrath who wrote and directed both.[13] Their success led the 1996 Edinburgh International Festival to commission another new play from McGrath which Wildcat would produce. A Satire of the Four Estates was loosely based on Sir David Lindsay's 16th century classic Ane Satyre of the Thrie Estaitis, adding the fourth estate, the media, to the objects of satirical derision. With its thinly veiled and none too subtle attacks on media moguls such as Rupert Murdoch, it delighted many but infuriated many more.[14][15]
Whether it led directly to the Scottish Arts Council's decision to stop supporting the company financially in 1997 remains a matter of speculation.[16] The company and its many supporters in the Labour and Trade Union movement assumed ideological reasons lay behind the move.[13] The SAC said that the company had simply run out of creative steam.[2]
It was a bitter blow for both MacLennan and Anderson. But their contribution to Scottish theatre did not end there. MacLennan went on to devise and then direct the hugely successful lunchtime theatre season, A Play, a Pie and a Pint at Glasgow’s Òran Mór venue until his death in 2014.[17] Anderson continues to contribute music and lyrics across a wide range of outputs, not least the twice yearly pantomimes at Òran Mór.
Character and Style
The company’s work was direct, boisterous, noisy and raucous.[18] It actively engaged directly with audiences and depended heavily on the music and songs to carry both story and character. Cast members were expected to be able to sing and play at least one musical instrument as well as act. The live on-stage band and the cast were usually one and the same. It owed a lot to earlier forms of Scottish theatre, including the variety shows and seasonal pantomimes[19] with which both Anderson and Maclennan had grown up.[20]
Shows tended to deal with current affairs, often in an almost documentary style.[21] Subjects ranged from the domestic, such as the 1983/4 miners strike (Dead Liberty) to the international, such as the role of the CIA in Nicaragua (Business in the Back Yard) via public health (Bedpan Alley) and education (Jotters). While some dismissed the company's output as agit-prop,[22] others saw its political engagement and connection with popular audiences as a harbinger of greater political debates to come.[23]
The company deliberately took its work to working class audiences across Scotland, following the model developed by 7:84, and played in modest community and village halls and working men’s clubs. But they were capable of scaling up to main stages, such as The Pavilion (The Celtic Story), the Tramway (Border Warfare), Edinburgh's Royal Lyceum Theatre (Peachum's Poorhouse) and Edinburgh's International Conference Centre (A Satire of the Four Estates)
Politics
For almost all Wildcat’s history, from 1979 to 1997, the UK was under the control of a Conservative government, lead first by Margaret Thatcher and later by John Major.[24] The political background offered rich pickings for a group of unashamedly left-wing entertainers and the company took great delight in tweaking the noses of the landed, monied and governing classes. Their audience, often equally partisan, were quick to recognise the stereotypes with which they were presented. Thatcher was notoriously unpopular in Scotland (when she came to power in the 1979 election there were 22 Scottish Conservative MPs at Westminster; at the 1997 election, when the Conservatives finally lost power overall, not a single Conservative MP survived in Scotland).
The politics of the company was largely mainstream Labour with some radical edges.[13] Anderson recalls that he and MacLennan did not set out to be overtly political but they saw the world in a very similar ways. Anderson was never a member of any political party although MacLennan was for some years a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain. The two gradually diverged over the national question, Anderson eventually becoming a supporter of Independence for Scotland while MacLennan argued against it, although he died shortly before the 2014 Independence referendum. Most Scottish MPs and local authorities at the time were controlled by Labour.
The company had close relationships with the Labour movement at all levels. Local councillors, such as Jean Mcfadden, the leader of Glasgow City Council, senior trade union officials such as Campbell Christie and members of parliament such as Sam Galbraith and Donald Dewar all served on the company’s board of directors at various times.[25] The company was frequently represented at extra-parliamentary demonstrations rallies, sometimes even providing the entertainment. It was also instrumental in developing the annual Mayday rally organised by the Scottish TUC into Mayfest, a three week long arts and politics festival in Glasgow which ran from 1983 to 1997.[26] Ferelith Lean, the company’s administrator, was also first administrator of the festival. During its final struggle for survival, the whole company was feted at an official reception at Glasgow’s Labour controlled City Chambers in 1998.
Notable Productions
- Dead Liberty: produced at the height of the divisive 1983/4 strike by mineworkers in Britain and performed at Miners' Welfare Clubs among others, Dead Liberty dealt with the issues that lay behind the strike.
- The Celtic Story: commissioned by Celtic Football Club to celebrate its centenary, this large-scale panoramic show followed the fortunes of an immigrant family and their relationship with the club
- The Steamie: Tony Roper’s script for this nostalgic story of four women in a public laundry on New Year’s Eve had been rejected by every theatre company in Scotland before David MacLennan saw its potential and Dave Anderson added a handful of bitter-sweet songs. It went on to become the company’s biggest single success 1987. A 2019 stage production played to audiences of 16,000 a night for five nights at the SSE Hydro.[27]
- Peachum's Poorhouse: a rock’n’roll, contemporary version of The Beggar’s Opera, taking additional inspiration from Brecht’s Threepenny Opera and locating it all within a modern Scottish context.
- Border Warfare: a large-scale promenade production, using the whole of Glasgow’s Tramway, covering the history of relations between England and Scotland. Contemporary politics was reduced to an absurd football match. Written and directed by John McGrath, it was later filmed for Channel 4 Television.
Some notable Wildcats
Juliet Cadzow, perhaps best known as Edie Mcredie in the BBC Scotland children’s show Balamory, first appeared for Wildcat in Border Warfare where she met MacLennan. They later married and he wrote a solo show for her called An Actress Prepares, one of Wildcat's final productions.
Blythe Duff appeared in three Wildcat productions before she was “discovered” by the producers of STV’s long running Glasgow police seriesTaggart where she went onto become the series’ longest running character, Jackie Reid. She was last seen playing Professor McGonagall in Harry Potter and the Cursed Child before COVID-19 closed the show.
Vivien Heilbron appeared in the 1995 show Bedfellows. She originally rose to fame as the star of BBC’s adaptation of Lewis Grassic Gibbon's Sunset Song in which she played Chris Guthrie.
Jimmy Logan appeared in The Celtic Story. Logan was a doyen of Scottish theatre and variety. It says a lot about the status of Wildcat (and Celtic) that he agreed to appear in this show. But the fact that MacLennan had known Logan since he (MacLennan) was a child may have helped; the Logans and the MacLennans were neighbours in the Dowanhill area of Glasgow.
Phil McCall appeared in the 1992 show Eight to the Bar. He was a familiar figure on stage and television, notably in series such as Monarch of the Glen and Dr Finlay’s Casebook, and was one of a number of senior actors to work for Wildcat in their later years
Peter Mullan appeared with Wildcat four times in the 1980s, in The Magic Snowball, The Importance of Being Honest, The Celtic Story and Harmony Row (which he co-wrote). He has since become an internationally celebrated film actor and director, appearing recently in the Netflix series Ozark. He is the only person to win top prizes both for acting (Cannes Film Festival best actor award for My Name is Joe) and for best film (Venice Film Festival Golden lion for The Magdalene Sisters) at major European film festivals.
Alex Norton directed the first production of The Steamie. An accomplished director, actor and musician, and lifelong friend of Dave Anderson, he was best known as DCI Matt Burke in Taggart, STV’s long running Glasgow police drama, but has enjoyed recent acclaim success in the comedy series Two Doors Down, in which he has bene reunited with Elaine C.Smith. Norton first introduced Anderson to MacLennan after a performance of The Cheviot, the Stag and the Black Black Oil on the Isle of Skye.
Elaine C. Smith was a regular with the company in its, and her, early days. After appearing with Dave Anderson in the TV sitcom City Lights she has gone on become one of Scotland’s best loved stage and screen personalities, notably as Mary Doll, the wife of Rab C. Nesbitt, portraying X-Factor sensation Susan Boyle, and more recently for her role in the sitcom Two Doors Down which also features Alex Norton.
Tony Roper wrote Wildcat’s biggest popular success, The Steamie, a piece of New Year's Eve nostalgia set in one of Glasgow’s communal washhouses. Roper had been a regular foil to Rikki Fulton in the long running comedy series Scotch and Wry and also appeared as Jamesie Cotter, best pal of Rab C. Nesbitt.
Liz Lochhead, the poet and playwright, co-wrote Bunch of Fives for Wildcat in 1983. She went on to become Scotland’s Makar (roughly equivalent to England’s Poet Laureate) and was appointed life president of the Scottish Society of Playwrights in 2019
John Sampson (musician), multi-instrumental musician, actor and entertainer. Sampson is notable for his collaboration with Britain's poet laureate Carol Ann Duffy in live performances since 2003. He was short listed for the Critic's Award for Theatre in Scotland in the Best Music and Sound category for his work on A Taste of Honey, Royal Lyceum Theatre Company, Edinburgh. He has appeared in eight Wildcat productions.
Full List of Wildcat Productions
| YEAR | SHOW | WRITER(s) | DIRECTOR | THEME / TOPIC |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | THE PAINTED BIRD | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | Dave Anderson / David MacLennan / Angie Rew | Mental health & Big pharma |
| 1979 | THE COMPLETE HISTORY OF ROCK 'N' ROLL | Dave Anderson / David McNiven | David MacLennan | History of Rock 'n' Roll / Sexual politics |
| 1979 | DUMMIES | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | A dosser's eye view of Thatcher's Britain |
| 1980 | THE BARMECIDE FEAST | David McNiven | Jon Plowman | Food poverty |
| 1980 | BLOOTER | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | New Technology & Unemployment |
| 1981 | CONFESSIN' THE BLUES | Dave Anderson / David McNiven | Angie Rew | Male oppression of females |
| 1981 | HOT BURLESQUE | David McNiven | David MacLennan | Americana |
| 1982 | NINETEEN EIGHTY TWO | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Nuclear arms race |
| 1982 | HIS MASTER'S VOICE | Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | The Music Biz from a Punk viewpoint |
| 1982 | ANY MINUTE NOW | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Nuclear arms race |
| 1983 | BUNCH OF FIVES | Dave Anderson / Sean Hardie / Tom Leonard / Liz Lochhead / David MacLennan | David MacLennan | Influence of TV on society |
| 1983 | WELCOME TO PARADISE | Dave Anderson & The Company | Stuart Mungall | Scotland's relationship with USA |
| 1984 | BED-PAN ALLEY | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | NHS cuts |
| 1984 | SAME DIFFERENCE | Liz Lochead / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan / MD: Dave Anderson | The battle of the sexes |
| 1984 | DEAD LIBERTY | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson / Rab Handleigh / Myra McFadyen | David MacLennan | The miner's strike |
| 1985 | THE CRACK | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson / Rab Handleigh | David MacLennan | Working class vs upper class |
| 1985 | BUSINESS IN THE BACKYARD | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson / Rab Handleigh / Myra McFadyen | David MacLennan | Revolution in Nicaragua |
| 1985 | IT'S A FREE COUNTRY | Dave Anderson / The Company: Gordon Dougall / Peter Arnott / Rab Handleigh / Tom Leonard / Marcella Evaristi / David MacLennan / Terry Neason | Stuart Mungall | Erosion of civil liberties under Thatcher |
| 1985 | WILDNIGHTS AT THE TRON | Dave Anderson / David MacLennan, The Company & Guests | David MacLennan | Cabaret Style Review of The Year |
| 1986 | BEGGAR'S OPERA (PEACHAM'S POORHOUSE) | David MacLennan / David McNiven | Ian Wooldridge | Inequality between rich & poor. |
| 1986 | HEATHER UP YOUR KILT | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | Bryan Elsley | Scotland's right to self-determination |
| 1986 | WILDCAT CHRISTMAS CAROL | Peter Arnott / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Greed and Repentance |
| 1987 | JOTTERS | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Education & youth unemployment |
| 1987 | ROADWORKS | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Review of the year |
| 1987 | THE STEAMIE | Tony Roper / Dave Anderson | Alex Norton | Post-War Dreams & Aspirations of Glasgow Women |
| 1987 | THE MAGIC SNOWBALL | Dave Anderson / David MacLennan | Dave Anderson | Panto |
| 1988 | THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING HONEST | David McNiven | Dave Anderson | Whitehall cover-up of environmental problems. |
| 1988 | THE CELTIC STORY | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | History of Celtic Football Club & social history of 100 Years of a Glasgow family |
| 1988 | FANCY RAPPIN' | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | Alan Lyddiard | Thatcher's spin doctors |
| 1988 | WAITING ON ONE | Anne Downie / Dave Anderson | Andi Ross | The world of bingo |
| 1989 | BORDER WARFARE | John McGrath / Rab Handleigh (composer) | John McGrath | The history of Scotland vs England |
| 1989 | HARMONY ROW | Peter Arnott / Peter Mullan. Music: Gordon Dougall / Craig Armstrong / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan/ MD Dave Anderson | Disability inequality |
| 1989 | THE APPOINTMENT | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Workers fight back against unemployment |
| 1989 | THE GREEDY GIANT | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Greed and redemption |
| 1990 | JOHN BROWN'S BODY | John McGrath | John McGrath | History of British labour movement. |
| 1990 | CLEANING UP | Andy Mackie / Lynn Bains | David MacLennan | Six cleaners fight back against dodgy management practices, |
| 1990 | COMPLETE HISTORY OF ROCK 'N' ROLL | Dave Anderson / David McNiven | David MacLennan | The History of Rock 'n' Roll |
| 1990 | RIDDLE OF THE ENCHANTED BELLS | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Panto |
| 1991 | SHARKS | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Loan sharks & the Credit Union movement |
| 1991 | THE CHEVIOT, THE STAG AND THE BLACK, BLACK OIL | John McGrath | John Bett | The Highland Clearances (then & now) |
| 1991 | THE MYSTERIOUS MOUNTAIN | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Panto |
| 1992 | GIVIN'IT FISH | Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Cabaret style review of the year |
| 1992 | EIGHT TO THE BAR | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Social endurance through WW2 |
| 1992 | 47 | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Chat show host has a meltdown. |
| 1992 | THE HOUSE THAT JACK BOUGHT | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Inequality in society |
| 1993 | MUSICAL CHAIRS | Morag Fullarton / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Care of dementia sufferers |
| 1993 | FUNNY MONEY | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Care in the community |
| 1993 | THE NIGHTINGALE | Hans Christian Andersen. Adpt. Chris Craig, | Chris Craig | Children's show. The beauty of nature & unselfish love |
| 1993 | ANNUS HORRIBILUS | Dave Anderson / David MacLennan, The Company & Guests | David MacLennan | Cabaret style review of the year |
| 1994 | OH, WHAT A LOVELY WAR | Joan Littlewood | John Bett | Satire of WW1 |
| 1994 | THE SILVER DARLINGS | Neil Gunn. Adpt. John McGrath | John Bett | Herring fishing in north east Scotland |
| 1994 | 47 | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Chat show host has a meltdown. |
| 1994 | HOW WAS IT FOR YOU | Dave Anderson / David MacLennan / Various | David MacLennan | Cabaret style review of the year |
| 1995 | THE NIGHTINGALE | Hans Christian Andersen Adpt. Chris Craig | David MacLennan | Children's show. The beauty of nature & unselfish love |
| 1995 | BEDFELLOWS | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Class war in Scotland |
| 1995 | TIN SOLDIER | Hans Christian Andersen Adpt. Chris Craig | Chris Craig | Children's Christmas show. Love conquers all difficulties |
| 1996 | BARKING | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | A busker reminisces. |
| 1996 | NO EXPENSE SPARED | Morag Fullarton | David MacLennan | The making of a Local Government-funded panto. |
| 1996 | SATIRE OF THE FOUR ESTAITES | John McGrath | John McGrath | The media |
| 1996 | THE JOLLY BEGGARS | Robert Burns / John Bett | John Bett | The lives of locals in 1745 tavern |
| 1997 | GONE FISHING | Petra Ross | David MacLennan | A brother & sister reflect on the social & political descent of Scotland. |
| 1997 | THE GUN | Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Drugs, power, poverty & teenage revenge. |
| 1997 | AN ACTRESS PREPARES | David MacLennan | John Bett | An actress looks back at her life |
| 1997 | THE LAST OF THE MACEACHANS | John McGrath | David MacLennan | “White settlers” & the end of crofting life. |
| 1997 | DAVE ANDERSON AT HOME | Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Musing about the muse. |
| 1997 | THE GUN | Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Drugs, power, poverty & teenage revenge. |
| 1998 | AN ACTRESS PREPARES | David MacLennan | John Bett | An actress looks back at her life |
| 1999 | DELIRIOUS | Dave Anderson (additional material by David MacLennan & Peter Arnott) | David MacLennan | A dead writer contemplates his corpse |
| 1984 | BLESS MY SOUL - Antonine Productions for | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson / Sean Hardie | Sean Hardie, David MacLennan (Artistic Director), David Anderson (Musical Director) | Satire of USA TV evangelists. Funded by Channel 4 TV |
| 1984 | EUROFEST at the Edinburgh Playhouse | The Company | David MacLennan (Director) Dave Anderson (Musical Director) | The European Parliament elections. Variety show. Funded by The Labour Party. |
| 1987 | ROADWORKS (Book) | Edwin Morgan | n/a | Analysing song Lyrics of Wildcat Shows (1978 -1987) Funded by SAC, STUC & The Third Eye Centre. A limited run of 2,000 copies. |
| 1998 | SAVE WILDCAT, King's Theatre, Glasgow | Dave Anderson, David MacLennan, The Company & Guests | David MacLennan | Evening variety show (& Matinee show for children) Campaigning to re-instate Wildcat's SAC revenue funding. |
| 1998 | THE CELTIC STORY - Balcony Productions. Producer, Eddie Crozier | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | History of Celtic Football Club & social history of 100 Years of a Glasgow family |
| 2000 | THE CELTIC STORY at the KERRYDALE | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson | David MacLennan | Cabaret version of history of Celtic FC. |
| 2011 | IT'S A DEAD LIBERTY - Mayfesto at The Tron | David MacLennan / Dave Anderson / The Company & Guests | David MacLennan | A look back at Wildcat's greatest hits (1978 - 2000) |
| 2014 | A NIGHT FOR DAVID | Dave Anderson / The Company & Guests | Morag Fullarton | A Tribute to David MacLennan. Raising awareness of motor neurone disease. |
References
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- McMillan, Joyce (2016). Theatre in Scotland: A Field of Dreams. London: Nick Hern Books. p. 24. ISBN 9781848422926.
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- Steamie, The (30 December 2019). "Return of the Scots comedy classic". The Stage.