White Sands Space Harbor

White Sands Space Harbor (WSSH) is a spaceport that was formerly used as a Space Shuttle runway, a test site for rocket research, and the primary training area used by NASA for Space Shuttle pilots practicing approaches and landings in the Shuttle Training Aircraft and T-38 Talon aircraft. With its runways, navigational aids, runway lighting, and control facilities, it also served as a backup Shuttle landing site.[1] WSSH is a part of the White Sands Test Facility, and is located approximately 30 miles (50 kilometers) west of Alamogordo, New Mexico, within the boundaries of the White Sands Missile Range.

For Launch Complex 96 that fires toward White Sands, see Fort Wingate.
White Sands Space Harbor
Summary
Airport typeMilitary
OwnerUS Air Force
OperatorNASA
ServesWhite Sands Test Facility
LocationWhite Sands Missile Range
Elevation AMSL3,913 ft / 1,192 m
Coordinates32°56′35.67″N 106°25′10.31″W
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
17/35 35,000 10,700 Dry Lakebed
5/23 35,000 10,700 Dry Lakebed
2/20 12,800 3,900 Dry Lakebed

Runway facilities

In 1976, NASA selected Northrup Strip as the site for shuttle pilot training. A second runway was added crossing the original north-south landing strip, and in 1979 both lakebed runways were lengthened to 35,000 ft (10,668 m), which includes 15,000 ft (4,572 m) usable runway with 10,000 ft (3048 m) extensions on either end, to allow White Sands Space Harbor to serve as shuttle backup landing facility. While the Space Harbor was activated as a backup landing site for STS-116 due to poor weather conditions at both Edwards Air Force Base (high cross-winds) and Kennedy Space Center (clouds and rain), White Sands was only used for one landing of the space shuttle, that of the Space Shuttle Columbia on 30 March 1982 for STS-3.[2]

Boeing's Starliner Calypso returned from a 49-hour Orbital Test Flight at 1257 UTC December 22, 2019 at the intersection of Runways 17/35. This marked only the second time an orbital vehicle has returned to Earth at White Sands.

Launch complex

The McDonnell Douglas DC-X of the USAF Single Stage Rocket Technology (SSRT) program was launched 1993-96 at the harbor.[3][4]

References
  1. "White Sands Space Harbor". NASA. Archived from the original on 2013-08-30. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  2. "White Sands Space Harbor - Capabilities". NASA. Archived from the original on 2013-06-14. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  3. "Encyclopedia Astronautica Index: 1". Archived from the original on 2012-12-28. Retrieved 2013-01-04.
  4. Delta-Clipper-1993-White-Sands-Xenon.mov on YouTube

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