West Freehold, New Jersey

West Freehold is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) within Freehold Township, in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States.[6][7][8] As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 13,613.[3] Due to the community's close proximity to the Battle of Monmouth, West Freehold is home to several important historical structures, which have been preserved in the 'West Freehold Village Historic District'.[9] The historically preserved Monmouth Battlefield, along with the historic villages of Clarksburg, Englishtown, Smithburg and Tennent are a short distance away.

West Freehold, New Jersey
Census-designated place
Along Schanck Road
Map of West Freehold highlighted with in Monmouth County. Right: Location of Monmouth County in New Jersey.
Coordinates: 40.230905°N 74.294073°W / 40.230905; -74.294073
Country United States
State New Jersey
CountyMonmouth
TownshipFreehold
Area
 • Total5.927 sq mi (15.350 km2)
 • Land5.913 sq mi (15.314 km2)
 • Water0.014 sq mi (0.036 km2)  0.24%
Elevation141 ft (43 m)
Population
 • Total13,613
 • Density2,302.3/sq mi (888.9/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (Eastern (EDT))
Area code(s)732/848
FIPS code3479100[1][4]
GNIS feature ID02390471[1][5]

History

The State of New Jersey became a colony of England on June 24, 1664, after the Duke of York granted a patent to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkely for what is now New Jersey.

The Village of West Freehold (also historically known as 'Mount's Corner') was settled as early as the late seventeenth century by primarily of English and Scottish Presbyterians, Baptists, and Quakers escaping religious persecution from Scotland and nearby New England.[10] [11] A major transportation artery that was located in the heart of this historic village was "The Burlington Path", a stagecoach route meant to connect Burlington, which was at the time the Capital of West Jersey, and Perth Amboy, which was at the time the Capital of East Jersey.[12] Much of modern day Monmouth Road/West Main Street (County Route 537) coincides in general direction and trajectory with this historic stagecoach route. Many colonial era structures are still standing in the 'West Freehold Village Historic District', near the intersection of West Main Street and Stillwells Corner Road/Wemrock Road.[9]

Escondido Restaurant in the historic district of West Freehold, located next to Moore's Tavern & Restaurant

Mount's Tavern

Today known as Moore's Tavern & Restaurant, this tavern is one of the most famous historical structures in the Township. As a stagecoach stop for "the Burlington Path", there is documentation of the tavern's license being renewed from 1787, suggesting that the tavern was in use prior to that. Moses Mount, a Private during the Revolutionary War and aide to George Washington, was the inn's first keeper.[9][13] The structure is still utilized today as a tavern/restaurant.

Moore's Tavern in the historic district of West Freehold. A mainstay in the community since 1787

The Levi Solomon Farmstead
Mount's Corner Historic Plaza with the Jewish Heritage Museum in the background

The township in its early days was a place of refuge for persecuted religious groups, such as Presbyterians, Baptists, and Quakers. The Solomon family were some of New Jersey's earliest Jewish settlers. They settled on a large piece of farmland, roughly where much of the modern day shopping center 'Mount's Corner' is located, as early as 1720.[14] During the Battle of Monmouth, their dwelling had suffered significant damage from invading British troops. Luckily, matriarch Hannah Solomon, who was widowed, and her two sons were able to save their house after it was set on fire.[9] The original barn that was built on the farm in the 1800s is now the location of the Monmouth County Jewish Heritage Museum; "dedicated to the promotion of public awareness of the county’s Jewish heritage for the education and enjoyment of both children and adults."[14]

West Freehold Schoolhouse

Located at what is now Wemrock Road, adjacent to West Main Street, this schoolhouse was built in 1848 and educated the children that lived within the village until 1937. The property was part of the Rulif R. Schanck Farmstead, which is now the Elizabeth Oakley Farm (Museum).[9]

Walker, Combs, Hartshorne, Oakley Farmstead
The Oakley Farmhouse in Autumn

Operated for centuries, this property is the earliest remaining farmstead in Freehold and is one of the oldest preserved structures in Monmouth County. Settled in 1686, the property was situated on 110 acres (45 ha) of land, owned by East Jersey proprietors John Barclay, Robert Barclay, John Reid and John Bowne.[15] Since then, the farmstead had been transferred/sold by multiple families including; Barclay, Reid, Bowne, Clark, Walker, Combs, Schanck, Hartshorne, and Oakley.[9]

By 1981, the farmstead was the largest operating farm in Monmouth County.[16] At that time, Elizabeth Oakley was the last to inhabit inside the structure and was fascinated in the home's rich history. She worked hard to preserve it, having accomplished her life's goal in having the farm be placed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.[15][16]

Toll House

The Toll House located on the property of the Walker, Combs, Hartshorne, Oakley Farmstead is one of only two remaining toll houses that are left within the State of New Jersey. [17] Built in ca. 1850, it was owned and operated by a group of farmers living along "the Burlington Path". The toll separated two sides of the two-lane stagecoach route; the side of the tollroad heading southwest towards Smithburg was known as the 'Freehold-Smithburg Turnpike' and the other side of the tollroad heading northeast towards 'Elk's Point' (what is now Freehold Borough).[17]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 5.927 square miles (15.350 km2), including 5.913 square miles (15.314 km2) of land and 0.014 square miles (0.036 km2) of water (0.24%).[1][18]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
19809,929—
199011,16612.5%
200012,49811.9%
201013,6138.9%
Population sources: 1980[19]
1990-2010[6] 2000[20] 2010[3]

Census 2010

The 2010 United States Census counted 13,613 people, 4,941 households, and 3,612 families in the CDP. The population density was 2,302.3 per square mile (888.9/km2). There were 5,108 housing units at an average density of 863.9 per square mile (333.6/km2). The racial makeup was 87.06% (11,851) White, 3.17% (431) Black or African American, 0.22% (30) Native American, 6.19% (842) Asian, 0.01% (1) Pacific Islander, 1.59% (217) from other races, and 1.77% (241) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.13% (1,107) of the population.[3]

Of the 4,941 households, 35.9% had children under the age of 18; 61.0% were married couples living together; 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present and 26.9% were non-families. Of all households, 23.0% were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.26.[3]

25.1% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 29.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.4 years. For every 100 females, the population had 91.8 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 89.5 males.[3]

Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[4] there were 12,498 people, 4,659 households, and 3,429 families living in the CDP. The population density was 822.1/km2 (2,130.3/mi2). There were 4,740 housing units at an average density of 311.8/km2 (807.9/mi2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.68% White, 2.46% African American, 0.15% Native American, 4.28% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.13% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.38% of the population.[20]

There were 4,659 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.1% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.10.[20]

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.[20]

The median income for a household in the CDP was $72,577, and the median income for a family was $87,609. Males had a median income of $62,074 versus $36,563 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $33,218. About 3.7% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.0% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.[20]

Infrastructure

Transportation

New Jersey Transit provides local bus transportation on the 307 route. It also provides bus transportation to New York City on the 139 route, and to the Newark/Jersey City/Hoboken area on the 67 route.[21] Major roads that run through the CDP include Monmouth Road/West Main Street (County Route 537) within the heart of the community and home to numerous businesses, Elton-Adelphia Road (County Route 524) on the community's southern edge near Turkey Swamp Park, U.S. Route 9, which also happens to feature numerous businesses, on the eastern edge, New Jersey Route 79 at the northeastern corner, and the New Jersey Route 33 freeway, known as the "Freehold Bypass", on the community's northern edge with interchanges at Wemrock Road, CR 537, and US 9/Route 79.

Healthcare

CentraState Medical Center is affiliated with Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. The facility has 284 beds and is part of CentraState Healthcare System, the county's fourth-largest employer.[22] It is located on West Main Street (County Route 537).

References
  1. Gazetteer of New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 21, 2016.
  2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: West Freehold Census Designated Place, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed August 5, 2012.
  3. DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for West Freehold CDP, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 5, 2012.
  4. U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  5. US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  6. New Jersey: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts - 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH-2-32), United States Census Bureau, August 2012. Accessed December 14, 2012.
  7. GCT-PH1 - Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for Monmouth County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at Archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 14, 2012.
  8. Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed April 19, 2015.
  9. "Historic Sites Tours: West Freehold Village Area", Freehold Township. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  10. "Freehold History", Freehold Township Heritage Society. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  11. Salter’s History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties New Jersey: The First Legislative Assembly in New Jersey., Accessed September 9, 2020.
  12. History of the Burlington Path, Freehold Township Heritage Society. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  13. History, Moores Tavern and Restaurant. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  14. "About Us", Jewish Heritage Museum. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  15. "History Of Walker Combs Hartshorne (Oakley) Farm.", Freehold Township. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  16. Oakley Farm Museum, Crossroads of the American Revolution: National Heritage Area. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  17. "History Of The Toll House Located At Oakley Museum.", Freehold Township. Accessed September 9, 2020.
  18. US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  19. Staff. 1980 Census of Population: Number of Inhabitants United States Summary, p. 1-141. United States Census Bureau, June 1983. Accessed January 12, 2012.
  20. DP-1 - Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 from the Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for West Freehold CDP, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at Archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 9, 2012.
  21. Monmouth County Bus / Rail connections, New Jersey Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of July 26, 2010. Accessed August 5, 2012.
  22. Who We Are, CentraState Medical Center. Accessed March 20, 2020.
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