WAMPAS Baby Stars
The WAMPAS Baby Stars was a promotional campaign sponsored by the United States Western Association of Motion Picture Advertisers, which honored 13 (15 in 1932) young actresses each year whom they believed to be on the threshold of movie stardom. The campaign ran from 1922 to 1934, except for 1930 and 1933.
Most failed to live up to their promotion. However, a number of the selections went on to become stars of the first magnitude, including Clara Bow (1924), Mary Astor, Joan Crawford (1926), Loretta Young (1929), and Ginger Rogers (1932). All but Bow, a Silent Era star known as The It Girl and Hollywood's greatest female draw at her peak, which predated the honor, won an Academy Award during their careers.
Others with significant Hollywood careers included Evelyn Brent (1923), Joyce Compton (1926), Delores del Rio (1926), Janet Gaynor (1926), Lupe Velez (1928), Jean Arthur (1929), Joan Blondell (1931), Constance Cummings (1931), and Frances Dee (1931).
Gaynor and Arthur were also Academy Award winners.
Perhaps the Talkies first scream queen, Fay Wray, was a 1926 WAMPAS honoree.
Overview
The WAMPAS Baby Stars campaign began in 1922. Every year, publicists chose a group of young actresses who were under contract at major studios that they felt were on the threshold of stardom. Awardees were honored at a party called the "WAMPAS Frolic" and were given extensive media coverage. The awards were not given in 1930 and 1933 due to objections from independent film studios.[1] When the campaign was revived in 1934, freelance actresses, along with studio contract players, were included as the chosen "Baby Stars".[2]
The campaign was discarded in 1935, after which the Western Association of Motion Picture Advertisers disbanded.[2] In 1956, a group of veteran stars, among them 1932 WAMPAS Baby Star Ginger Rogers, chose a group of young actresses supposed to be known as The Wampas Baby Stars. However, since the Western Association of Motion Picture Advertisers no longer existed, the idea fizzled. The selection took place nevertheless, and 15 "babies" were chosen: Phyllis Applegate, Roxanne Arlen, Jolene Brand, Donna Cooke, Barbara Huffman (later known as Barbara Eden), Jewell Lain, Barbara Marx, Lita Milan, Norma Nilsson, Ina Poindexter, Violet Rensin, Dawn Richard, and Delfin Thursday.[3]
The last surviving original WAMPAS Baby Star, Mary Carlisle, died at the age of 104 on August 1, 2018.[4]
List
Denotes international star from outside the United States |
1922
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marion Aye | 1903–1951 | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | [5] | |
Helen Ferguson | 1901–1977 | Decatur, Illinois, U.S. | [6] | |
Lila Lee | 1905–1973 | Union Hill, New Jersey, U.S. | [7] | |
Jacqueline Logan | 1904–1983 | Corsicana, Texas, U.S. | [8] | |
Louise Lorraine | 1904–1981 | San Francisco, California, U.S. | [9] | |
Bessie Love | 1898–1986 | Midland, Texas, U.S. | [10] | |
Kathryn McGuire | 1903–1978 | Peoria, Illinois, U.S. | [11] | |
Patsy Ruth Miller | 1904–1995 | St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. | [12] | |
Colleen Moore | 1899–1988 | Port Huron, Michigan, U.S. | [13] | |
Mary Philbin | 1902–1993 | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | [14] | |
Pauline Starke | 1901–1977 | Joplin, Missouri, U.S. | [15] | |
Lois Wilson | 1894–1988 | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. | [16] | |
Claire Windsor | 1892–1972 | Marvin, Kansas, U.S. | [17] | |
1923
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Eleanor Boardman | 1898–1991 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. | [18] | |
Evelyn Brent | 1895–1975 | Tampa, Florida, U.S. | [19] | |
Dorothy Devore | 1899–1976 | Fort Worth, Texas, U.S. | [20] | |
Virginia Brown Faire | 1904–1980 | Brooklyn, New York City, U.S. | [18] | |
Betty Francisco | 1900–1950 | Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S. | [21] | |
Pauline Garon | 1900–1965 | Montreal, Quebec, Canada | [17] | |
Kathleen Key | 1903–1954 | Buffalo, New York, U.S. | [22] | |
Laura La Plante | 1904–1996 | St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. | [18] | |
Margaret Leahy | 1902–1967 | London, England, U.K. | [23] | |
Helen Lynch | 1900–1965 | Billings, Montana, U.S. | [24] | |
Derelys Perdue | 1902–1989 | Los Angeles, California, U.S. | [25] | |
Jobyna Ralston | 1899–1967 | South Pittsburg, Tennessee, U.S. | [18] | |
Ethel Shannon | 1898–1951 | Denver, Colorado, U.S. | [26] |
1924
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clara Bow | 1905–1965 | Brooklyn, New York City, U.S. | [27] | |
Elinor Fair | 1903–1957 | Richmond, Virginia, U.S. | [7] | |
Carmelita Geraghty | 1901–1966 | Rushville, Indiana, U.S. | [28] | |
Gloria Grey | 1909–1947 | Portland, Oregon, U.S. | [29] | |
Ruth Hiatt | 1906–1994 | Cripple Creek, Colorado, U.S. | [30] | |
Julanne Johnston | 1900–1988 | Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. | [31] | |
Hazel Keener | 1904–1979 | Fairbury, Illinois, U.S. | [31] | |
Dorothy Mackaill | 1903–1990 | Kingston upon Hull, England, U.K. | [31] | |
Blanche Mehaffey | 1908–1968 | Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. | [32] | |
Margaret Morris | 1898–1968 | Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. | [33] | |
Marian Nixon | 1904–1983 | Superior, Wisconsin, U.S. | [34] | |
Lucille Ricksen | 1910–1925 | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | [35] | |
Alberta Vaughn | 1904–1992 | Ashland, Kentucky, U.S. | [36] | |
1925
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Betty Arlen | 1909–1966 | Providence, Kentucky, U.S. | [37] | |
Olive Borden | 1906–1947 | Richmond, Virginia, U.S. | [38] | |
Anne Cornwall | 1897–1980 | Brooklyn, New York City, U.S. | [39] | |
Ena Gregory | 1906–1993 | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | [40] | |
Madeline Hurlock | 1899–1989 | Federalsburg, Maryland, U.S. | [41] | |
Natalie Joyce | 1902–1992 | Norfolk, Virginia, U.S. | [42] | |
Violet La Plante | 1908–1984 | St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. | [43] | |
June Marlowe | 1903–1984 | St. Cloud, Minnesota, U.S. | [44] | |
Joan Meredith | 1907–1980 | Hot Springs, Arkansas, U.S. | [45] | |
Evelyn Peirce | 1908–1960 | Del Rio, Texas, U.S. | [46] | |
Dorothy Revier | 1904–1993 | Oakland, California, U.S. | [47] | |
Duane Thompson | 1903–1970 | Red Oak, Iowa, U.S. | [48] | |
Lola Todd | 1904–1995 | New York City, U.S. | [49] |
1926
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mary Astor | 1906–1987 | Quincy, Illinois, U.S. | [46] | |
Mary Brian | 1906–2002 | Corsicana, Texas, U.S. | [31] | |
Joyce Compton | 1907–1997 | Lexington, Kentucky, U.S. | [50] | |
Dolores Costello | 1903–1970 | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. | [51] | |
Joan Crawford | 1904–1977 | San Antonio, Texas, U.S. | [31] | |
Marceline Day | 1908–2000 | Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S. | [52] | |
Dolores del Río | 1904–1983 | Durango, Mexico | [20] | |
Janet Gaynor | 1906–1984 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. | [31] | |
Sally Long | 1901–1987 | Kansas City, Missouri, U.S. | [31] | |
Edna Marion | 1906–1957 | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | [53] | |
Sally O'Neil | 1908–1968 | Bayonne, New Jersey, U.S. | [54] | |
Vera Reynolds | 1899–1962 | Richmond, Virginia, U.S. | [55] | |
Fay Wray | 1907–2004 | Cardston, Alberta, Canada | [31] |
1927
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patricia Avery | 1902–1973 | Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. | [56] | |
Rita Carewe | 1909–1955 | New York City, U.S. | [57] | |
Helene Costello | 1906–1957 | New York City, U.S. | [17] | |
Barbara Kent | 1907–2011 | Gadsby, Alberta, Canada | [20] | |
Natalie Kingston | 1905–1991 | Vallejo, California, U.S. | [58] | |
Frances Lee | 1906–2000 | Eagle Grove, Iowa, U.S. | [59] | |
Mary McAllister | 1909–1991 | Los Angeles, California, U.S. | [58] | |
Gladys McConnell | 1905–1979 | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S. | [11] | |
Sally Phipps | 1911–1978 | Oakland, California, U.S. | [60] | |
Sally Rand | 1904–1979 | New York City, U.S. | [58] | |
Martha Sleeper | 1910–1983 | Lake Bluff, Illinois, U.S. | [61] | |
Iris Stuart | 1903–1936 | New York City, U.S. | [62] | |
Adamae Vaughn | 1905–1943 | Ashland, Kentucky, U.S. | [63] |
1928
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lina Basquette | 1907–1994 | San Mateo, California, U.S. | [64] | |
Flora Bramley | 1909–1993 | London, England, U.K. | [65] | |
Sue Carol | 1906–1982 | Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | [66] | |
Ann Christy | 1905–1987 | Logansport, Indiana, U.S. | [67] | |
June Collyer | 1906–1968 | New York City, U.S. | [68] | |
Alice Day | 1905–1995 | Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S. | [58] | |
Sally Eilers | 1908–1978 | New York City, U.S. | [58] | |
Audrey Ferris | 1909–1990 | Detroit, Michigan, U.S. | [65] | |
Dorothy Gulliver | 1908–1997 | Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. | [69] | |
Gwen Lee | 1904–1961 | Hastings, Nebraska, U.S. | [70] | |
Molly O'Day | 1909–1998 | Bayonne, New Jersey, U.S. | [58] | |
Ruth Taylor | 1905–1984 | Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S. | [71] | |
Lupe Vélez | 1908–1944 | San Luis Potosí, Mexico | [17] | |
1929
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jean Arthur | 1900–1991 | Plattsburgh, New York, U.S. | [72] | |
Sally Blane | 1910–1997 | Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. | [73] | |
Betty Boyd | 1908–1971 | Kansas City, Missouri, U.S. | [74] | |
Ethlyne Clair | 1904–1996 | Talladega, Alabama, U.S. | [46] | |
Doris Dawson | 1905–1986 | Goldfield, Nevada, U.S. | [75] | |
Josephine Dunn | 1906–1983 | New York City, U.S. | [76] | |
Helen Foster | 1906–1982 | Independence, Kansas, U.S. | [77] | |
Doris Hill | 1905–1976 | Roswell, New Mexico, U.S. | [78] | |
Caryl Lincoln | 1903–1983 | Oakland, California, U.S. | [79] | |
Anita Page | 1910–2008 | Queens, New York City, U.S. | [80] | |
Mona Rico | 1907–1994 | Mexico City, Mexico | [81] | |
Helen Twelvetrees | 1908–1958 | Brooklyn, New York City, U.S. | [82] | |
Loretta Young | 1913–2000 | Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S. | [58] | |
1931
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Joan Blondell | 1906–1979 | New York City, U.S. | [46] | |
Constance Cummings | 1910–2005 | Seattle, Washington, U.S. | [65] | |
Frances Dade | 1910–1968 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. | [83] | |
Frances Dee | 1909–2004 | Los Angeles, California, U.S. | [83] | |
Sidney Fox | 1907–1942 | New York City, U.S. | [84] | |
Rochelle Hudson | 1916–1972 | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S. | [85] | |
Anita Louise | 1915–1970 | New York City, U.S. | [62] | |
Joan Marsh | 1913–2000 | Porterville, California, U.S. | [65] | |
Marian Marsh | 1913–2006 | Trinidad and Tobago | [86] | |
Karen Morley | 1909–2003 | Ottumwa, Iowa, U.S. | [65] | |
Marion Shilling | 1910–2004 | Denver, Colorado, U.S. | [87] | |
Barbara Weeks | 1913–2003 | Somerville, Massachusetts, U.S. | [88] | |
Judith Wood | 1906–2002 | New York City, U.S. | [89] |
1932
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lona Andre | 1915–1992 | Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. | [90] | |
Lilian Bond | 1908–1991 | London, England, U.K. | [91] | |
Mary Carlisle | 1914–2018 | Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. | [92] | |
June Clyde | 1909–1987 | St. Joseph, Missouri, U.S. | [93] | |
Patricia Ellis | 1916–1970 | Birmingham, Michigan, U.S. | [94] | |
Ruth Hall | 1910–2003 | Jacksonville, Florida, U.S. | [95] | |
Eleanor Holm | 1913–2004 | Brooklyn, New York City, U.S. | [96] | |
Evalyn Knapp | 1906–1981 | Kansas City, Missouri, U.S. | [20] | |
Dorothy Layton | 1912–2009 | Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. | [97] | |
Boots Mallory | 1913–1958 | New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. | [98] | |
Toshia Mori | 1912–1995 | Kyoto, Japan | [99] | |
Ginger Rogers | 1911–1995 | Independence, Missouri, U.S. | [100] | |
Marian Shockley | 1911–1981 | Kansas City, Missouri, U.S. | [101] | |
Gloria Stuart | 1910–2010 | Santa Monica, California, U.S. | [46] | |
Dorothy Wilson | 1909–1998 | Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. | [101] |
1934
Actress | Lifespan | Birthplace | Image | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Judith Arlen | 1914–1968 | Hollywood, Los Angeles, U.S. | [102] | |
Betty Bryson | 1911–1984 | Los Angeles, California, U.S. | [103] | |
Jean Carmen | 1913–1993 | Portland, Oregon, U.S. | [104] | |
Helen Cohan | 1910–1996 | New York City, U.S. | [105] | |
Dorothy Drake | 1916–2005 | Santa Monica, California, U.S. | [106] | |
Jean Gale | 1912–1974 | San Francisco, California, U.S. | [107] | |
Hazel Hayes | 1910–1974 | La Crosse, Kansas, U.S. | [108] | |
Ann Hovey | 1911–2007 | Mount Vernon, Indiana, U.S. | [109] | |
Neoma Judge | 1908–1978 | Mitchell, South Dakota, U.S. | [102] | |
Lucille Lund | 1913–2002 | Buckley, Washington, U.S. | [110] | |
Lu Ann Meredith | 1913–1998 | Dallas, Texas, U.S. | [111] | |
Gigi Parrish | 1912–2006 | Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. | [112] | |
Jacqueline Wells | 1914–2001 | Denver, Colorado, U.S. | [113] | |
Katherine Williams | 1908–1982 | Seattle, Washington, U.S. | [114] |
References
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- Slide 2014, p. 231.
- Chuck Anderson. "1956 lineup". B-westerns.com. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- Bernstein, Adam (August 1, 2018). "Mary Carlisle, a perpetual ingenue in dozens of 1930s films, dies at 104". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 2, 2018.
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Works cited
- Liebman, Roy (2000). The Wampas Baby Stars: A Biographical Dictionary, 1922–1934. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-0756-5.
- Mank, Gregory William (2015). Women in Horror Films, 1930s. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 978-1-4766-0954-6.
- Slide, Anthony (2014). The New Historical Dictionary of the American Film Industry. New York: Routledge. ISBN 1-135-92554-2.
- Vogel, Michelle (2010). Olive Borden: The Life and Films of Hollywood's Joy Girl. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-5836-4.