Unity (Larry Young album)

Unity is an album by jazz organist Larry Young, released on the Blue Note label in August, 1966. The album features trumpeter Woody Shaw, tenor saxophonist Joe Henderson and drummer Elvin Jones. While not free jazz, the album features experimentation that was innovative for the time. Young chose the title because, "although everybody on the date was very much an individualist, they were all in the same frame of mood. It was evident from the start that everything was fitting together."[4] The album was Young's second for Blue Note, and is widely considered a "post-bop" classic.

Unity
Studio album by Larry Young
Released	August 1966[1]
Recorded	November 10, 1965
Studio	Van Gelder Studio Englewood Cliffs
Genre	Jazz
Length	40:02
Label	Blue Note
Producer	Alfred Lion
Larry Young chronology
Into Somethin' (1965) Unity (1966) Of Love and Peace (1966)

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
Allmusic	[2]
Penguin Guide to Jazz
Encyclopedia of Popular Music	[3]

Music

Three of the six tracks were composed by Woody Shaw. The first, "Zoltan", starts with part of a march from the Háry János suite of Zoltán Kodály and continues in the Lydian mode. The second, "The Moontrane", is dedicated to John Coltrane, "as can be heard in the harmonic cycles in it", explained Shaw.[4] The third, "Beyond All Limits", has a difficult harmonic progression, but, in Shaw's words, "once the inherent difficulties of the tune are solved, there are no limits as to where you can go with it".[4] "If" is a 12-bar Joe Henderson composition; "Monk's Dream" (played only by Young and drummer Elvin Jones) is by Thelonious Monk; and "Softly, as in a Morning Sunrise" is a Hammerstein & Romberg composition.[4]

Elvin Jones played "a standard 4-piece drum kit with two cymbals and hi-hat".[5]

Reception

Scott Yanow states that Unity "is considered Larry Young's finest recording".[6] Billboard Magazine called the album "a sureshot for jazz fans".[7] The Penguin Guide to Jazz awarded it a rare crown and four-star rating, describing it as "Quite simply a masterpiece."[8] Also, saxophonist Michael Brecker referred to the album as a favourite of his.[9]

The album's cover art, by Reid Miles, has also become well known. In 2008, graphic designer Mike Dempsey picked it as one of his favorite album covers, stating that it shows "Ultimate simplicity [...] Put in an album rack today it would still raise an eyebrow as it looks remarkably fresh".[10]

Track listing

Original CD

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Zoltan"	Woody Shaw	7:41
2.	"Monk's Dream"	Thelonious Monk	5:48
3.	"If"	Joe Henderson	6:46
4.	"The Moontrane"	Shaw	7:21
5.	"Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise"	Oscar Hammerstein II, Sigmund Romberg	6:24
6.	"Beyond All Limits"	Shaw	6:02

2014 Blue Note SHM-CD Remaster Edition (Japan Release)

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Zoltan"	Woody Shaw	7:41
2.	"Monk's Dream"	Thelonious Monk	5:48
3.	"If"	Joe Henderson	6:46
4.	"The Moontrane"	Shaw	7:21
5.	"Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise"	Oscar Hammerstein II, Sigmund Romberg	6:24
6.	"Beyond All Limits"	Shaw	6:02
7.	"If" (Alternate Take 1)	Henderson	6:27
8.	"If" (Alternate Take 2)	Henderson	5:42
9.	"The Moontrane" (Alternate Take)	Shaw	6:40
10.	"Beyond All Limits" (Alternate Take)	Shaw	6:03

Personnel

Musicians

• Larry Young – Hammond B-3 organ
• Woody Shaw – trumpet
• Joe Henderson – tenor saxophone
• Elvin Jones – drums

Production

• Alfred Lion – production
• Rudy Van Gelder – recording engineering; CD remastering (1998)
• Michael Cuscuna – reissue production
• Reid Miles – cover design
• Francis Wolff – photography
• Nat Hentoff – liner notes
• Bob Blumenthal – CD reissue liner notes (1999)

References

1. Billboard Aug 27, 1966
2. Jurek, Thom (2011). "Unity - Larry Young | AllMusic". allmusic.com. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
3. Larkin, Colin (2007). Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195313734.
4. Original liner notes by Nat Hentoff
5. Riley, John (1997) Beyond Bop Drumming, Alfred Music, p. 50.
6. Yanow, Scott (2003) Jazz on Record: The First Sixty Years, Backbeat Books, p. 624.
7. "Album Reviews: Unity" (August 27, 1966) Billboard, p. 41.
8. Cook, Richard and Morton, Brian (2008) The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings (9th ed.), Penguin, p. 1534.
9. "Brecker Enlists 3 Favorite Drummers" (November 6, 1999)Billboard, p. 43.
10. "Album Cover Design: Art on the sleeve" (October 16, 2008) Design Week, Vol. 23, Issue 42.