Typhaceae

The Typhaceae (/taɪˈfeɪsii/) are a family of flowering plants, sometimes called the cattail family.[2] The botanical name for the family has been recognized by most taxonomists.

Typhaceae
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous-Recent, 65.5–0 Ma
Typha latifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Typhaceae
Juss.[1]
Genera

Description

Members can be recognized as large marsh herbs with two-ranked leaves and a brownish compact spike of unisexual flowers.

Fossils

The earliest fossils, including pollen and flowers, have been recovered from late Cretaceous deposits.[3]

Taxonomic history

The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, 1998), also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. The family then consisted of one genus (Typha), totalling a dozen species of perennial plants of wet habitats. More recently, the APG III system of 2009 included a second genus, Sparganium, in this family. The two genera together have a total of 51 known species.[4]

The Cronquist system, of 1981, also recognized such a family and placed it in the order Typhales, in the subclass Commelinidae in class Liliopsida in division Magnoliophyta.

The Wettstein system, last updated in 1935, placed the family in order Pandanales.

References
  1. Stevens, P. F. "ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY WEBSITE, version 12". Typhaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
  2. "Flowers - Cattail Family, Typhaceae - NatureGate". www.luontoportti.com.
  3. Bremer, K. (2002). "Gondwanan Evolution of the Grass Alliance of Families (Poales)." Evolution, 56(7): 1374-1387.
  4. Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.

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