Tropidophora

Tropidophora is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.[2] [3]

Tropidophora
Two long-dead remnants of the extinct species Tropidophora carinata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Littorinoidea
Family: Pomatiidae
Subfamily: Pomatiinae
Genus: Tropidophora
Troschel, 1847
Type species
Cyclostoma cuvieriana Petit de la Saussaye, 1841
Diversity[1]
95 specific names, unknown number of true biological species
Synonyms
  • Cyclostoma (Tropidophora) Troschel, 1847
  • Ligatella E. von Martens, 1880
  • Tropidophora (Eutropidophora) Möllendorff, 1898· accepted, alternate representation
  • Tropidophora (Ligatella) E. von Martens, 1880
  • Tropidophora (Tropidophora) Troschel, 1847· accepted, alternate representation
  • Tropidophora (Virgotropidophora) Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965· accepted, alternate representation

Distribution

These large, split-sole snails are found in Tanzania,[2] Madagascar, the Mascarenes, the Comoros and South Africa.

95-99% of Tropidophora species are endemic to Madagascar.[4]

Species

The present classification of this genus into three subgenera, 95 species and 142 varieties is complex and confused. This classification is best ignored temporarily, as it is based on subtle morphological varieties among small samples. It is also assumed that many smaller species remain to be discovered.[1]

Species within the genus Tropidophora include:

  • Tropidophora aequatoria (Morelet, 1890)
  • Tropidophora alluaudi (Dautzenberg, 1894)
  • Tropidophora alternans (L. Pfeiffer, 1853)
  • Tropidophora ambilobeensis Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora anceps (E. von Martens, 1878)
  • Tropidophora andrakarakarensis Fischer-Piette & Testud, 1973
  • Tropidophora andrapangana Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora articulata (Gray, 1834)
  • Tropidophora aspera (Potiez & Michaud, 1838)
  • Tropidophora balteata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1874)
  • Tropidophora bathiei Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora belairi (Petit de la Saussaye, 1853) [5]
  • Tropidophora bemaraensis Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora besalampiensis Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora betsileoensis (E. A. Smith, 1882)
  • † Tropidophora bewsheri
  • Tropidophora bicarinata (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora boucheti Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora calcarea (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • † Tropidophora bipartita
  • Tropidophora carinata (Born, 1780) - possibly extinct
  • Tropidophora carnicolor Fulton, 1902
  • Tropidophora castanea (L. Pfeiffer, 1851)
  • Tropidophora cavernarum Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora chavani Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora chromium (Morelet, 1877)
  • Tropidophora cincinna (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora comburens Melvill & Ponsonby, 1903
  • Tropidophora concinna Preston, 1910
  • Tropidophora consocia (Pfeiffer, 1852)
  • Tropidophora coquandiana (S. Petit de la Saussaye, 1852)
  • Tropidophora crenulata Fulton, 1902
  • Tropidophora creplini (Dunker, 1848)
  • Tropidophora cuveriana Petit de la Saussaye, 1841
  • Tropidophora deburghiae Reeve, 1861
  • Tropidophora deflorata (Morelet, 1876)
  • Tropidophora delmaresi (Bourguignat, 1887)
  • Tropidophora denisi Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora denselirata Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora deshayesiana (Petit de la Saussaye, 1844)
  • † Tropidophora desmazuresi Crosse, 1873
  • Tropidophora diegoensis Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora dingeoni Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora eugeniae (Reeve, 1857)
  • Tropidophora eustola (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1887)
  • Tropidophora felicis Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora feringalavaensis Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora filopura Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora filostriata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1874)
  • Tropidophora fimbriata (Lamarck, 1822)
  • Tropidophora fivanonensis Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora formosa (G. B. Sowerby I, 1849)
  • Tropidophora foveolata (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1895)
  • Tropidophora freyi O. Boettger, 1892
  • Tropidophora fulvescens (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora fuscula (L. Pfeiffer, 1853)
  • Tropidophora gallorum Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora gardineri Gerlach, 2006
  • Tropidophora goudotiana (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora grisea (L. Pfeiffer, 1854)
  • Tropidophora hartvigiana (L. Pfeiffer, 1862)
  • Tropidophora hildebrandti (E. von Martens, 1876)
  • Tropidophora humberti Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora humbloti (Morelet, 1886)
  • Tropidophora humbug Griffiths & Herbert, 2013
  • Tropidophora icterica (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora insularis (L. Pfeiffer, 1854)
  • Tropidophora interrupta Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora ivongoensis Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Vukadinovic, 1974
  • Tropidophora johnsoni (E. A. Smith, 1882)
  • Tropidophora lamarckii (Petit de la Saussaye, 1850)
  • Tropidophora letourneuxi (Bourguignat, 1887)
  • Tropidophora lienardi (Morelet, 1877)
  • Tropidophora ligata (O. F. Müller, 1774)
  • Tropidophora ligatula (Grateloup, 1840)
  • Tropidophora lincolni Emberton, 2009
  • Tropidophora lineata (L. Pfeiffer, 1854)
  • Tropidophora lirata (L. Pfeiffer, 1852)
  • Tropidophora liratoides Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora luti (Fischer-Piette, C. P. Blanc, F. Blanc & Salvat, 1993)
  • Tropidophora maignei Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora marojeziana Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora mauritiana (H. Adams, 1867)
  • Tropidophora michaudi Grateloup, 1840 - possibly extinct
  • Tropidophora microchasma (L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
  • Tropidophora milloti Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora miocenica (Verdcourt, 1963) †
  • Tropidophora moniliata (Morelet, 1881)
  • Tropidophora morondavensis Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora moulinsii (Grateloup, 1840)
  • Tropidophora nyasana (E.A. Smith, 1899)
  • Tropidophora occlusa (Mörch, 1852)
  • Tropidophora ochracea (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896)
  • Tropidophora oppessulata Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora perfecta Fulton, 1903
  • Tropidophora perinetensis Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora petiti Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora philippiana (L. Pfeiffer, 1852)
  • Tropidophora plurilirata Fulton, 1903
  • Tropidophora polyzonata (Morelet, 1886)
  • Tropidophora principalis (L. Pfeiffer, 1859)
  • Tropidophora propeconsocia Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora propevitellina Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora puerilis Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora pulchella (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora pulchra (J. E. Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833)
  • Tropidophora pyrostoma (G. B. Sowerby I, in Reeve, 1842)
  • Tropidophora reesi Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora reticulata (A. Adams & L. Reeve, 1850)
  • Tropidophora salvati Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora sarcodes (L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
  • Tropidophora sarodranensis Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora scabra (H. Adams, 1867)
  • Tropidophora secunda Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965
  • Tropidophora semidecussata (L. Pfeiffer, 1847)
  • † Tropidophora semilineata P.M.A. Morelet, 1881
  • Tropidophora semilirata (Morelet, 1881)
  • Tropidophora sericea Griffiths & Herbert, 2013 †
  • Tropidophora sikorae (Fulton, 1901)
  • Tropidophora soulaiana Fischer-Piette & Testud, 1973
  • Tropidophora sowerbyi (L. Pfeiffer, 1846)
  • Tropidophora surda Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora tenuis (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora theobaldi Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora thesauri Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora tomlini Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora transvaalensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891)
  • Tropidophora tricarinata (O. F. Müller, 1774)
  • Tropidophora tulearensis Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora unicarinata (Lamarck, 1822)
  • Tropidophora vallorzi Fischer-Piette, Blanc, C.P., Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1993
  • Tropidophora vesconis (Morelet, 1860)
  • Tropidophora vexillum (G. B. Sowerby III, 1873)
  • Tropidophora vignali Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora vincentflorensi Griffiths, 2000
  • Tropidophora virgata (G. B. Sowerby I, 1843)
  • Tropidophora virgo (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)
  • Tropidophora vitellina (L. Pfeiffer, 1852)
  • Tropidophora vittata (G. B. Sowerby I, in Reeve, 1842)
  • Tropidophora vuillemini Fischer-Piette, Blanc, F. & Salvat, 1969
  • Tropidophora winckworthi Fischer-Piette, 1949
  • Tropidophora xanthocheila (G. B. Sowerby I, 1850)
  • Tropidophora zanguebarica (Petit de la Saussaye, 1850)[2]
  • Tropidophora zonata (Petit de la Saussaye, 1850)

References
  1. Emberton K. C. (January 2008). "Cryptic, genetically extremely divergent, polytypic, convergent, and polymorphic taxa in Madagascan Tropidophora (Gastropoda: Pomatiasidae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 55 (3): 183–208. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1995.tb01059.x. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05.
  2. Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an "oceanic" island". ZooKeys 70: 1-39. doi:10.3897/zookeys.70.762.
  3. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Tropidophora Troschel, 1847. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=995130 on 2020-09-30
  4. A GUIDE TO THE LAND SNAILS OF RANOMAFANA NATIONAL PARK, MADAGASCAR, last change 2 November 2007, accessed 29 June 2009 Archived November 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  5. Syntype at MNHN, Paris
  • Fischer-Piette, E. & Bedoucha, J. (1965). Mollusques terrestres operculés de Madagascar. Mémoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Nouvelle Série, Série A, Zoologie, 33: 50-91. Paris


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