Treadwell Farm Historic District

The Treadwell Farm Historic District is a small historic district located on parts of East 61st and East 62nd Street between Second and Third Avenues, in the Upper East Side neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan in New York City.

234, 232, and 230 East 61st Street
Our Lady of Peace was originally the Presbyterian Church of the Redeemer

Designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on December 13, 1967, making it one of the first historic districts in the city,[1] it is primarily made up of three- and four-story brownstone residences constructed in the middle- to late- 19th century.[2] It also includes the Church of Our Lady of Peace, Trinity Baptist Church, and several turn-of-the-century apartment buildings, and is notable for the general uniformity of the heights of the houses and the style of the architecture, as well as the overall character and charm of the neighborhood.[2]

History and description

Treadwell Farm was named for the Treadwell family,[3] who owned the land at the time it was developed. In the Colonial period, the property was part of the Peter Pra Van Zandt farm, although the historic district also includes a small triangular piece of the William Beekman farm. In 1815, Adam Tredwell [sic], a fur merchant, and Stephen Thorne Jr. bought the Van Zandt farm, paying $13,000 for 24 acres.[4] When Thorne died in 1830, Tredwell bought his half of the property. After Tredwell's death in 1852, his daughter Elizabeth bought the Beekman tract,[5] and the combined property was divided into lots; these were sold for development beginning in 1854. By 1868, restrictive covenants attached to the sale specified standards for heights, widths and construction of buildings on the lots, and also restricted the types of businesses which could be located there.[2]

The major development of the Tredwell Farm property took place from 1868–76, and was primarily in the form of Italianate row houses,[1] with echoes of the French Second Empire style.[2] The Presbyterian Church of the Redeemer, now the Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady of Peace, was built in 1886-87, and six-story apartment buildings at 245 and 247 East 62nd Street were built in 1899-1900.[2]

Noted architects who designed buildings in the district include Richard Morris Hunt, Samuel A. Warner, James W. Pirrson and George F. Pelham.[2]

In the 1920s, between 1919 and 1922, most of the buildings in the district were significantly altered.[6] Many stoops were removed and architectural detail reduced to a more simplified form.[1] In addition, in 1930 a church in the Scandinavian Modern style, designed by Martin G. Hedmark, was built at 250 East 61st Street.[6]

Notable residents

By late in the 19th century, the Treadwell Farm area had deteriorated some, but affluent New Yorkers rediscovered it in the decades after World War I.[6][7] The area's residents have included Walter Lippmann, Tallulah Bankhead, Kim Novak, Montgomery Clift, Eleanor Roosevelt,[8] and Paul Gallico.[9]

See also

References

Notes

  1. "Treadwell Farm Historic District" on the Friends of the Upper East Side Historic District website
  2. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission "Treadwell Farms Historic District Designation Report" (December 13, 1967)
  3. The family spelled their name both as "Tredwell" and "Treadwell". White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot & Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7. p. 466
  4. Adam Tredwell (or Treadwell) is the older brother of Seabury Tredwell, whose home on East 4th Street is now the Merchant's House Museum. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.
  5. Bradley, James. "Treadwell Farm" in Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (2010). The Encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 1331. ISBN 978-0-300-11465-2.
  6. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1.
  7. White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot & Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 466. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
  8. "Treadwell Farm Historic District Walking Guide" on the Friends of the Upper East Side Historic District website
  9. "Treadwell Farm" on the Forgotten New York website (September 21, 2011)
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