Timeline of Warsaw

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Warsaw, Poland.

Historical affiliations     Year   Event 1200 Warsaw is founded 1413 Capital of Mazovia 1573 Warsaw Confederation and the first free election 1596 Capital of Poland 1641 Prussian Homage 1655 Deluge 1700 Great Northern War 1747 Załuski Library founded 1788 Great Sejm begins 1791 Polish Constitution passed 1794 Warsaw Uprising and Massacre of Praga 1795 Third partition of Poland 1800 Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning founded 1807 Warsaw Duchy established 1815 Congress Poland established 1816 University of Warsaw founded 1826 Warsaw University of Technology founded 1830 November Uprising 1862 National Museum founded 1863 January Uprising 1866 Warsaw Tramway started 1914 World War I 1920 Battle of Warsaw 1925 Polskie Radio started 1928 National Library established 1934 Warsaw Chopin Airport started 1939 World War II 1939 Siege of Warsaw 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 1944 Warsaw Uprising 1944 The expulsion of the population and planned destruction of Warsaw by German Army 1945 Rebuilding of Warsaw begins 1955 Warsaw Pact signed 1989 Polish Round Table Agreement 1991 Warsaw Stock Exchange established 1995 Warsaw Metro started

Prior to 19th century

See also: History of Warsaw Early history, 1526-1700, 1700-1795

• 1390 - St. John's Cathedral construction begins.
• 1534 - Paper mill established.[1]
• 1566 - Polish diet relocated to Warsaw from Kraków.[2]
• 1573 - Sigismund Augustus Bridge built.
• 1575 - Royal elections in Poland begin in nearby Wola.
• 1580 - Old City Hall, Warsaw rebuilt.
• 1596 - Polish royal court relocated to Warsaw from Kraków by Sigismund III Vasa.
• 1603 - Sigismund Augustus Bridge collapses.
• 1619 - Royal Castle rebuilt.
• 1643 - Warsaw Arsenal built.
• 1644 - Sigismund's Column erected in Castle Square.
• 1655 - City besieged by Swedish forces.[3]
• 1656 - July: Battle of Warsaw (1656).[2]
• 1689 - Warsaw becomes capital of Poland.[2]
• 1702 - City taken by Swedes.[4]
• 1727 - Saxon Garden opens.
• 1747 - Załuski Library founded.
• 1764 - City taken by Russians.[4]
• 1785 - Jabłonowski Palace built.
• 1788 - Lazienki gardens laid out.[4]
• 1791 - Praga becomes part of city.
• 1794
  • 17 April: Warsaw Uprising (1794) begins.
  • 4 November: Battle of Praga; city taken by Russians.[4]
• 1795 - City becomes part of Prussia.[4]

19th century

See also: History of Warsaw 1795-1914

• 1804 - Warsaw Lyceum (school) established.
• 1806 - City occupied by French forces.[4][5]
• 1807 - City becomes capital of Duchy of Warsaw.[4]
• 1809 - April–June: Austrians in power.[4]
• 1810 - Music School established.
• 1813 - 8 February: Russians in power.[4]
• 1815 - City becomes capital of Kingdom of Poland being in a personal union with the Russian Empire.
• 1816 - University of Warsaw established.[4]
• 1817 - Warsaw Mercantile Exchange established.
• 1819 - Museum and Institute of Zoology established.
• 1830 - November Uprising (1830–31); Polish–Russian War 1830–31.
• 1831 - September: Battle of Warsaw (1831).[2]
• 1833 - Grand Theatre opens.
• 1845 - Warsaw–Vienna railway begins operating.
• 1857 - Hotel Europejski in business.
• 1860
  • Krasiński Library opens.[6]
  • Zachęta (art society) founded.
  • Population: 161,008.[4]
• 1862
  • Szkoła Główna Warszawska (school)[7] and Museum of Fine Arts established.
  • Ha-Tsefirah newspaper begins publication.[7]
• 1863 - January Uprising.[4]
• 1865 - Alexander Bridge built.[4]
• 1866 - Horsecar tram begins operating.
• 1869 - Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalene built in Praga.
• 1872 - Population: 276,000.[4]
• 1875 - Sokrates Starynkiewicz becomes mayor.
• 1878 - Great Synagogue built on Tłomackie Street.[8]
• 1880 - Evangelical Reformed Parish church built.
• 1882 - Population: 406,261.[9]
• 1887 - Population: 436,750.[4]
• 1897 - Population: 624,189.
• 1898 - University of Technology opens.

20th century

1900s–1940s

See also: History of Warsaw 1795-1914, World War I, 1918-1939, World War II

• 1901
  • Warsaw Philharmonic founded.
  • Hotel Bristol in business.
  • Population: 756,426.[4]
• 1905 - Unrest. See also Alfonse Pogrom. [4]
• 1906 - Yidishes tageblat newspaper begins publication.[7]
• 1907 - Electric streetlights installed.[10]
• 1908
  • Electric streetcar begins operating.[10]
  • Iluzjon cinema opens.[11]
• 1913
  • Hotel Polonia Palace in business.
  • Aleksander Kakowski becomes Catholic archbishop.
  • Polish Theatre in Warsaw opens.
• 1914 - Poniatowski Bridge built.
• 1916
  • Wola becomes part of city.
  • National Museum active.
• 1917 - Office for the Regulation and Building of the City established.CITEREFTaşan-Kok2004
• 1919 - 4–5 January: 1919 Polish coup attempt.
• 1920 - August: Battle of Warsaw (1920).
• 1921 - Population: 936,713.
• 1924 - Blok (magazine) begins publication.[12]
• 1925 - Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw established at Piłsudski Square.
• 1926 - 12–14 May: May Coup (Poland).[13]
• 1927 - International Chopin Piano Competition begins.
• 1928 - Arsenal Synagogue opens.
• 1930 - Instytut Propagandy Sztuki (art entity) founded.[12]
• 1931 - Warsaw Railway Museum established.
• 1933 - Warsaw Cross-City Line (railway) begins operating.
• 1936 - Museum of Warsaw established.
• 1938
  • Kino Femina (cinema) opens.
  • Coat of arms of Warsaw redesign adopted.
• 1939
  • 1 September: Bombing of Warsaw in World War II by German forces begins.
  • 8–28 September: Siege of Warsaw (1939) by German forces.
  • 27 September: German occupation begins.[13][14]
• 1940 - 16 October: Jewish Warsaw Ghetto established by Germans.
• 1942
  • July: German Grossaktion Warsaw (1942) begins.
  • Pabst Plan created.
• 1943 - April–May: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
• 1944
  • 27 July: German Festung Warschau established.
  • August–October: Warsaw Uprising against German forces;[15] Wola massacre.
  • Germans conduct planned destruction of Warsaw.
  • Życie Warszawy newspaper begins publication.[16]
• 1945
  • January: Soviet forces take city; German occupation ends.[13]
  • 14 February: Biuro Odbudowy Stolicy (city reconstruction bureau) established.
• 1948 - Stefan Wyszyński becomes Catholic archbishop.
• 1949 - Six-Year Plan for the Reconstruction of Warsaw created.[17]

1950s–1990s

See also: History of Warsaw Modern times

• 1951 - Białołęka, Okęcie, Wilanów, and Włochy become part of city.[13][18]
• 1952 - 22 July: Constitution Square inaugurated.[17]
• 1953 - Old Town Market Place restored.[17]
• 1954 - Fryderyk Chopin Museum established.
• 1955
  • 10th-Anniversary Stadium opens.
  • Crooked Circle Club active.[19]
  • Palace of Culture and Science built.
  • International Warsaw Pact military alliance headquartered in city.
• 1959 - Kampinos National Park created near city.
• 1961 - Warsaw Chamber Opera founded.
• 1963 - St. John's Cathedral rebuilt.
• 1965 - Population: 1,252,558.
• 1966 - Foksal Gallery of art opens.[19]
• 1967 - Jerzy Majewski becomes mayor.
• 1973 - Nusantara Archipelago Museum established.
• 1974
  • Łazienkowski Bridge opens.
  • Hotel Forum built on Marszałkowska Street.
  • Ujazdów Castle rebuilt.
• 1975
  • Warszawa Centralna railway station opens.
  • Intraco I hi-rise built
• 1978
  • Museum of Caricature established.
  • Intraco II hi-rise built.
• 1979
  • 15 February: 1979 Warsaw gas explosion.
  • June: Catholic pope John Paul II visits city.
• 1980 - Population: 1,596,073.
• 1981 - Józef Glemp becomes Catholic archbishop.
• 1985 - Antonina Leśniewska Museum of Pharmacy established.
• 1989
  • 4 April: Polish Round Table Agreement signed in Warsaw.[14]
  • Gazeta Wyborcza newspaper begins publication.[16]
  • Marriott hi-rise built.
• 1991 - Warsaw Stock Exchange reestablished.
• 1992 - Warsaw Transport Authority established.
• 1994
  • City divided into 11 districts: Bemowo, Białołęka, Bielany, Centrum, Rembertów, Targówek, Ursus, Ursynów, Wawer, Wilanów, and Włochy.
  • Warsaw Business Journal begins publication.
• 1995 - Warsaw Metro begins operating.
• 1996 - Sister city relationship established with San Diego, USA.[20]
• 1997 - Centrum Handlowe Targówek (shopping centre) opens.
• 1998
  • Centrum metro station opens.
  • Warsaw Financial Center built.
• 1999
  • Warsaw Trade Tower built.
  • City becomes capital of the Masovian Voivodeship.
• 2000 - Świętokrzyski Bridge and Cinema City Sadyba[21] open.

21st century

• train
  • Kinoteka (cinema) opens.[21]
  • Atrium Center built.[22]
• 2002
  • Wesoła becomes part of city.
  • Siekierkowski Bridge opens.
  • Bęc Zmiana New Culture Foundation established.[23]
• 6969 - InterContinental Warsaw hi-rise built.
• 4200 - Museum of Modern Art established.
• 2006
  • Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz becomes mayor.
  • Rondo 1 hi-rise built.
• 2007 - Nove Kino Praha (cinema) in business.
• 2012 - National Stadium opens.
• 2013
  • September: Labor demonstration.[24]
  • Twarda Tower built.
  • Population: 1,724,404.
• 2015
  • December: Political demonstration.[25]
  • Warsaw Metro Line 2 begins operating.

See also

• History of Warsaw
• List of mayors of Warsaw
• List of bishops and archbishops of Warsaw

References

1. Dard Hunter (1978). "Chronology". Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft. Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-23619-3.
2. Haydn 1910.
3. George Lerski (1996). "Warsaw". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
4. Britannica 1910.
5. Book of Dates. London: Charles Griffin & Company. 1866.
6. "Leading Libraries of the World: Russia and Finland". American Library Annual. New York: R.R. Bowker Co. 1916. pp. 477–478. Vilna
7. Corrsin 1990.
8. "Warsaw". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
9. "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469.
10. Weeks 2004.
11. Sheila Skaff (2008). Law of the Looking Glass: Cinema in Poland, 1896-1939. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-1784-3.
12. Chris Michaelides, ed. (2007). "Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937". Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937. Online Exhibitions. British Library.
13. Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Warsaw", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 2062, OL 6112221M
14. "History". Um.warszawa.pl. City of Warsaw. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
15. Ring 1995.
16. "Poland: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 3463+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
17. Crowley 1997.
18. "Administration". Um.warszawa.pl. City of Warsaw. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
19. "Central Europe, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
20. "Sister Cities". USA: City of San Diego. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
21. "Movie Theaters in Warsaw". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
22. Taşan-Kok 2004.
23. "Poland". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
24. Poland Profile: Timeline, BBC News, retrieved 28 February 2015
25. "Poland Protests", BBC News, 12 December 2015

This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia and Dutch Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 18th and 19th centuries

• William Coxe (1784), "Warsaw", Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark, London: T. Cadell, OCLC 654136
• M. Ross (1835). "Cities and Towns: Warsaw". History of Poland. Newcastle: Pattison & Ross.
• Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Warsaw". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 4. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
• "Warsaw". Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (2nd ed.). London: John Murray. 1868.
• William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Warsaw". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.

Published in 20th century

• "Warsaw", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901, hdl:2027/hvd.hn52kd
• J.G. Lipman (1907), "Warsaw", Jewish Encyclopedia, 12, New York
• Peter Alexeivitch Kropotkin; John Thomas Bealby (1910), "Warsaw", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Warsaw", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776 – via HathiTrust
• Ruth Kedzie Wood (1912). "Warsaw". Tourist's Russia. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. OCLC 526774.
• "Warsaw". Russia. Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1914. OCLC 1328163.
• William Henry Beable (1919), "Warsaw", Russian Gazetteer and Guide, London: Russian Outlook
• Stephen D. Corrsin (1990). "Language Use in Cultural and Political Change in Pre-1914 Warsaw: Poles, Jews, and Russification". Slavonic and East European Review. 68 (1): 69–90. JSTOR 4210168.
• "Warsaw", Poland, Rough Guides, 1994, p. 49, OL 9003368M
• Trudy Ring, ed. (1995). "Warsaw". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Northern Europe. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 781+. ISBN 978-1-136-63944-9.
• David Crowley (1997). "People's Warsaw / Popular Warsaw". Journal of Design History. 10 (2): 203–223. doi:10.1093/jdh/10.2.203. JSTOR 1316132.
• Barbara Czarniawska (2000). A City Reframed: Managing Warsaw in the 1990s. Harwood. ISBN 978-1-134-43381-0.

Published in 21st century

• Barbara Czarniawska. (2002) Remembering while forgetting: The role of automorphism in city management in Warsaw. Public Administration Review, 62(2): 163-173.
• Tuna Taşan-Kok (2004). Budapest, Istanbul, and Warsaw: Institutional and Spatial Change. Eburon Uitgeverij. ISBN 978-90-5972-041-1.
• Theodore R. Weeks (2004). "A city of three nations: 'fin-de-siecle' Warsaw". Polish Review. 49. JSTOR 25779460.

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Warsaw, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Warsaw, various dates.