Timeline of Sudanese history

This is a timeline of Sudanese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Sudan and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Sudan. See that the list of governors of pre-independence Sudan and list of heads of state of Sudan.

19th century

Year	Date	Event
1881		Mahdist War: A war began against the United Kingdom and Egypt
1898		Sudan fell under the rule of an Anglo-Egyptian condominium.

20th century

Year	Date	Event
1955		The rule of the Anglo-Egyptian condominium ended.
		First Sudanese Civil War: The war began.
1956	1 January	Sudan achieved independence.
1958		General Ibrahim Abboud staged a military coup against the elected government.
1962		Civil war spread to southern Sudan with the ascendance of the Anyanya separatist movement.
1964	Oct	A revolution overthrew Abboud's regime.
1969	May	Gaafar Nimeiry led a military coup.
1971		1971 Sudanese coup d'état: The leaders of an attempted Communist coup against Nimeiry failed and were executed.
1972		The Addis Ababa Agreement (1972), reached between the Sudanese government and the Anyanya, created a self-governing region in the south of the country.
1978		Oil was discovered in Bentiu.
1983		Second Sudanese Civil War: A war began between government forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) led by John Garang.
		Nimeiry introduced sharia.
1985		Nimeiry was deposed and replaced by the Transitional Military Council.
1986		Sadiq al-Mahdi became Prime Minister in a coalition government following elections.
1988		The Democratic Unionist Party (Sudan) drafted a cease-fire with the SPLA which was not implemented.
1989		The government was overthrown in a coup.
	30 June	Omar al-Bashir assumed the office of President.
1993	16 October	Bashir was appointed President.
1995		Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak blames Sudan for an attempted assassination.
1998	20 August	The Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory was destroyed by United States cruise missiles.
1999		A state of emergency was declared by President Bashir following a power struggle with Hassan al-Turabi.
		Oil exports from Sudan began.
2000	September	The Governor of Khartoum banned women from working in public places.
	September	President Bashir met the leaders of the National Democratic Alliance (Sudan) for the first time.
	December	Bashir was re-elected for a five-year term as President.

21st century

Year	Date	Event
2001	February	Al-Turabi was arrested for signing a memorandum with the SPLA.
	March	The United Nations (UN) World Food Programme struggled to feed millions facing starvation.
	April	The SPLA threatened to attack foreign oil workers.
	June	Peace talks in Nairobi broke down.
	July	Egypt and Libya proposed a peace plan for Sudan.
	September	The UN lifted sanctions against Sudan.
	October	United States Senator John Danforth was appointed Special Envoy to Sudan.
	November	The United States imposed sanctions on Sudan.
2002	January	A ceasefire was agreed between the government and the SPLA.
	20 July	Second Sudanese Civil War: The Machakos Protocol ended the nineteen-year civil war.
2003	February	War in Darfur: The war began.
2004	January	The army moved into Darfur to quell the rebellion, prompting hundreds of thousands of refugees to flee into neighbouring Chad.
	March	A UN official accused pro-government Janjaweed militias of carrying out systematic killings in Darfur.
	September	United States Secretary of State Colin Powell described the Darfur killings as genocide.
2005	9 January	The Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed between the SPLA and the government.
	March	The United Nations Security Council authorised sanctions against any violators of the Darfur ceasefire.
	June	Al-Turabi was freed.
	July	John Garang was sworn in as vice-president.
	1 August	Garang died in a plane crash and was succeeded by Salva Kiir Mayardit.
	September	A power-sharing government was established.
	October	An autonomous government was formed in southern Sudan.
2006	May	The government signed a peace accord with a Darfur rebel group, the Sudan Liberation Movement.
	October	Jan Pronk, head of the United Nations Mission in Sudan, was expelled from the country.
	November	African Union peacekeepers extended their stay in Darfur for a further six months.
2007	May	The United States placed fresh sanctions on Sudan.
	31 July	United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769 authorised twenty-six thousand peacekeepers for Darfur.
	August	2007 Sudan floods: Floods began.
	September	2007 Sudan floods: The floods ended.
	November	Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case: A British teacher was imprisoned for naming a teddy bear Muhammad.

| On 11th and 15th April 2010 || Southern Sudan Regional Elections: A South Sudanese There was a regional elections in Southern Sudan in which Salva Kiir Mayardit won by 93% of the votes. |}

See also

• Timeline of Khartoum history

References

• "Timeline: Sudan, BBC News". 15 December 2009. Retrieved 10 October 2017.

Bibliography

• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Soudan", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via HathiTrust
• "Sudan". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. p. 401+. ISBN 0203409957.
• Abdel Salam Sidahmed; Alsir Sidahmed (2004). "Chronology". Sudan. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-47947-4.
• Peter Woodward (2011). "Sudan". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2010. 7. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 387+. ISBN 9789004205567. ISSN 1871-2525.
• Robert S. Kramer; et al. (2013). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Sudan (4th ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7940-9.
• Peter Woodward (2013). "Sudan". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. 9. Koninklijke Brill. p. 398+. ISBN 9789004256002. ISSN 1871-2525.