Timeline of Graz

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Graz, Austria.

Prior to 14th century

• 1180 – Graz becomes capital of the Duchy of Styria.
• 1239 – Graz Friary active.

14th–16th centuries

• 1379 – Graz becomes capital of Inner Austria;[1] Leopold III in power.
• 1438 – Graz Castle built.
• 1462 – Graz Cathedral built.
• 1560 – Clock tower built on the Schlossberg.
• 1585 – University of Graz founded.
• 1588 – Belltower built on the Schlossberg.
• 1590 – Dobel Castle built.

17th–18th centuries

• 1619 – Habsburg Ferdinand II becomes Holy Roman Emperor; relocates from Graz to Vienna.[2]
• 1635 – Eggenberg Palace built (approximate date).
• 1640 – Mausoleum of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor consecrated.
• 1645 – Styrian Armoury built.
• 1652 – Grabenkirche (church) dedicated.
• 1724 – Mariatrost Basilica (church) built.
• 1776 – Schauspielhaus Graz (theatre) built.
• 1780 – Count John D'Alton becomes Governor.
• 1786 – Catholic See of Seckau prince-bishop residence relocated to Graz.
• 1794 – Prison in use.
• 1797 – French in power.[3]

19th century

• 1809 – June: Battle of Graz.[4]
• 1811 – Landesmuseum Joanneum (museum) established.
• 1816 – Music school established.
• 1823 – Population: 40,000 (approximate).[5]
• 1828 – Graz Mutual Insurance Company founded.
• 1844 – Southern Railway in operation (approximate date).
• 1847 – Central Railway Station opens.
• 1850 – Historical Society of Styria founded.[6]
• 1855 – Grazer Telegraf newspaper begins publication.[7]
• 1864 – Technical High School and Thalía Theatre active.
• 1872 – Grazer Waggon- & Maschinen-Fabriks-Aktiengesellschaft (manufacturer) in business.
• 1876 – Steiermärkische Fechtklub (fencing club) founded.[8]
• 1878 – Horse trams begin operating.
• 1885 – Grazer Congress (concert hall) built.
• 1887 – Sacred Heart of Jesus Church built.
• 1888 - Grazer Alpenclub (hiking club) formed.[9]
• 1889 – Club der Amateurfotografen (photography club) founded.[10][11]
• 1894 – Schlossbergbahn funicular railway begins operating.
• 1899
  • Graz Opera house inaugurated.[12]
  • Electric tram begins operating.
• 1900 – Population: 138,370.[13]

20th century

1900s–1950s

• 1902 – Grazer AK (sports club) formed.
• 1904 – Kleine Zeitung newspaper begins publication.
• 1909
  • SK Sturm Graz (football club) formed.
  • Grand Hotel Wiesler in business.[14]
• 1912 – LKH-Universitätsklinikum (hospital) built.
• 1913 – Volkskundemuseum (folkloric museum) opens.
• 1914 – September: Talerhof concentration camp in operation near city.
• 1919 – Vinzenz Muchitsch becomes mayor.
• 1920 - Population: 157,032.[15]
• 1925 – Graz Airport active.
• 1938
  • February: City becomes part of Nazi Germany.[16]
  • Julius Kaspar becomes mayor.
• 1941 – Trolleybuses begin operating.
• 1945
  • Allied occupation of Austria begins; Styria overseen by British forces.
  • Eduard Speck becomes mayor.
  • Die Wahrheit communist newspaper begins publication.[7]
• 1951
  • Population: 226,476.
  • Die Aula magazine begins publication.
• 1955 – July: Allied occupation of Austria ends per Austrian State Treaty.

1960s–1990s

• 1960
  • Gustav Scherbaum becomes mayor.
  • Hafnerriegel (residence building) constructed.
  • Forum Stadtpark (art gallery) opens.[17]
• 1963 – Eisstadion Liebenau (sports arena) built.
• 1971 – Tramway Museum Graz founded.
• 1973 – Alexander Götz becomes mayor.
• 1985 – Alfred Stingl becomes mayor.
• 1993 – Nausner & Nausner Verlag (publisher) in business.[18]
• 1995 – Das Megaphon newspaper begins publication.
• 1997 – Schwarzenegger-Stadium opens.
• 1998
  • Diagonale film festival active.
  • Schreibkraft magazine founded.
• 1999 – Old Town designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.

21st century

• 2001
  • Magna Steyr automobile manufacturer headquartered in Graz.
  • Springfestival begins.[19]
• 2002 – Stadthalle Graz (assembly hall) opens.
• 2003
  • Graz Art Museum built.
  • City designated a European Capital of Culture.
  • Murinsel (amphitheatre) opens.
  • Homeless World Cup football contest held.
  • Siegfried Nagl becomes mayor.[20]
• 2005 – Elevate Festival begins.
• 2007
  • Rondo built.
  • Einkaufszentrum Murpark (shopping mall) in business.
• 2013 – Population: 265,778.
• 2015 – A van and knife attack kills three and injures 36.
• 2016 Overnight stays in Graz Hotels exceed 1.1 million for the first time

See also

• Graz history
• History of Graz
• List of mayors of Graz
• List of churches in Graz
• History of Styria
• Timelines of other cities in Austria: Linz, Salzburg, Vienna

References

1. "Short History of the City". City of Graz. Archived from the original on 9 December 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
2. "World of the Habsburgs". Vienna: Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsgesellschaft. 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
3. David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Gratz". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
4. George Henry Townsend (1867), "Gratz (Austria)", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
5. Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
6. "Geschichte des Historischen Vereins" (in German). Graz: Historischer Verein Steiermark. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
7. "Graz (Austria) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
8. "Die Geschichte des ÖFV" (in German). Graz: Austrian Fencing Federation. Archived from the original on 6 December 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
9. A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907". Alpine Journal. UK (177). hdl:2027/njp.32101076197365.
10. "Über uns" (in German). Club der Amateurfotografen Graz. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
11. "Foreign Photographic Societies: Austria". American Annual of Photography and Photographic Times Almanac for 1897. New York: Scovill & Adams Company.
12. "Graz". Neuer Theater-Almanach (in German). Berlin: F.A. Günther & Sohn. 1908. hdl:2027/uva.x030515382.
13. "Graz", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
14. Antje Senarclens de Grancy (2001). 'Moderner Stil' und 'Heimisches Bauen': Architekturreform in Graz um 1900 (in German). Böhlau Verlag Wien. ISBN 978-3-205-99284-4.
15. "Austria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
16. Evan Burr Bukey (2002). Hitler's Austria: Popular Sentiment in the Nazi Era, 1938–1945. UNC Press Books. ISBN 978-0-8078-5363-4.
17. Christine Rigler (2002). Forum Stadtpark: die Grazer Avantgarde von 1960 bis heute (in German). Böhlau Verlag Wien. ISBN 978-3-205-99487-9.
18. "Wir über uns" (in German). Graz: Nausner & Nausner Verlag. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
19. "About Springfestival". Graz: Friends Of Spring Projektentwicklungs. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
20. "Mayors in Europe". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved 13 November 2013.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

published in 17th-19th centuries

• "Gratz". Topographia Provinciarum Austriacarum Austriae, Styriae, Carinthiae, Carniolae, Tyrolis. Topographia Germaniae (in German). Frankfurt. 1649. p. 68+.
• "Gratz", Handbook for Travellers in Southern Germany (9th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1863
• Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Gratz". English Cyclopaedia. London. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802.
• Graz; Geschichte und Topographie der Stadt und ihrer Umgebung (in German), Verlag der Geschäftsführung der 48. Versammlung der deutschen Naturforscher und Ärzte, 1875
• W. Pembroke Fetridge (1881), "Gratz", Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Graz, Illustrated Europe, Zürich: Orell Füssli & Co., c. 1890s
• Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Gratz", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555

published in 20th century

• "Gratz", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911, OL 18759934M (+ 1871 ed., 1907 ed.)
• William H. Hubbard (1980). "Aspects of Social Mobility in Graz, 1857–1880". Historical Social Research (14): 3–26. JSTOR 20754660.

External links

• Items related to Graz, various dates (via Europeana)