Thelypteris

Thelypteris (maiden ferns[3]) is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Thelypteridoideae, family Thelypteridaceae, order Polypodiales.[1][4] Two radically different circumscriptions of the genus are in use as of January 2020. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the genus is a very small one with about two species.[1][2] In other approaches, the genus is the only one in the subfamily Thelypteridoideae, and so includes between 875[5] and 1083 species.[6]

Thelypteris
Thelypteris palustris
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Thelypteridaceae
Subfamily: Thelypteridoideae
Genus: Thelypteris
Schmidel[1]
Type species
Thelypteris palustris
Species

See text.

Synonyms[2]
  • Asterochlaena C.Chr.

The genus name is from Greek thēlys "female" and pteris "fern". However, "female fern" usually refers to the common lady-fern.

Taxonomy

At one time, all thelypterioid ferns were included in the genus Dryopteris because of the sorus shape. However, there are a great many differences between the groups, and these plants are now segregated in their own family.

Some researchers include the entire family Thelypteridaceae in the genus Thelypteris. An intermediate position is to place the bulk in Thelypteris (corresponding to Thelypterioideae of PPG I), which can then be divided into subgenera and sections corresponding to the genera of other authors, but to separate out Phegopteris and Macrothelypteris.[5] Another choice is to divide the family into many genera, one of which is Thelypteris.[2][7] This is the approach taken in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[1]

Species

Using the circumscription of the genus in PPG I,[1] as of January 2020, the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World accepted three species:[2]

  • Thelypteris confluens (Thunb.) C.V.Morton
  • Thelypteris krayanensis K.Iwats. & M.Kato
  • Thelypteris palustris (Salisb.) Schott

Other sources place the entire subfamily Thelypteridoideae in the genus, and so accept many more species, including the following (synonyms from the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World):[2]

References
  1. PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi:10.1111/jse.12229. S2CID 39980610.
  2. Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (January 2020). "Thelypteris". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 8.20. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
  3. "Thelypteris". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  4. Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
  5. "Thelypteris". Flora of North America.
  6. "Thelypteris Schmidel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
  7. Smith, Alan R.; Pryer, Kathleen M.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Korall, Petra; Schneider, Harald; Wolf, Paul G. (August 2006). "A Classification for Extant Ferns". Taxon. 55 (3): 705–31. doi:10.2307/25065646. JSTOR 25065646.
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