The Moonglows

The Moonglows were an American R&B group in the 1950s. Their song "Sincerely" went to number 1 on the Billboard R&B chart and number 20 on the Billboard Juke Box chart.

The Moonglows
The Moonglows in 1956
Background information
OriginCleveland, Ohio, United States
GenresR&B,[1] doo-wop
Years active1951-1960; 1964-1968; 1971-1972; 1979-1980
LabelsChampaign, Chance, Chess, RCA
Associated actsAlan Freed
Past membersHarvey Fuqua (deceased)
Bobby Lester (deceased)
Pete Graves (deceased)
Prentiss Barnes (deceased)
Billy Johnson (deceased)
Marvin Gaye (deceased)
Danny Coggins (deceased)
Chuck Barksdale (deceased)

They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2000.[2]

Career

Early years

Fresh from a stint in the U.S. Army, two friends, Harvey Fuqua and Bobby Lester, formed a duo in 1949 in Louisville, Kentucky, United States.[3] In 1951, Fuqua moved to Cleveland and formed the Crazy Sounds with the singers Danny Coggins and Prentiss Barnes.[3] Lester joined them later.[3]

In 1952, while performing at a Cleveland club, the Crazy Sounds auditioned for the club's management. They soon got in contact with the radio host Alan Freed, who upon hearing them became the group's manager.[3] In 1953, Freed renamed the group the Moonglows, after his own nickname, Moondog.[3] They signed with Freed's Champagne label, but their recordings for the label failed to make the charts. Coggins left the group and was replaced by Alexander Walton, who was sometimes known as Pete Graves or Pete Walton.[3]

In 1953, they recorded for another small label, Chance, but like their Champagne recordings, their records had little success; their cover of Doris Day's "Secret Love" was their most successful for Chance.[3] In September 1953, Freed obtained a contract with the New York radio station WINS. His success as a broadcaster and host of the station led to a contract for the Moonglows with Chess Records.[3]

Success

Their first Chess single, "Sincerely", led by Lester, reached number one on the Billboard R&B chart and the top 20 of the pop chart. The song was later a crossover success in a cover version by the McGuire Sisters.[4] In 1955, the band picked the guitarist Billy Johnson to be their fifth member after Wayne Bennett left the group following their engagement at the Apollo Theater.[3] That same year, the group had another R&B hit with "Most of All", followed by a more modest success with "We Go Together" in 1956.[3] Chess issued some of their recordings with the group credited as the Moonlighters.[3]

For most of the Moonglows' tenure, the lead vocals were split between Lester and Fuqua. Lester preferred doo-wop ballads, whereas Fuqua preferred rock-and-roll songs.[3] The two also recorded vocal duets.[3] Their next hits, in 1956, included "See Saw", which peaked at number five R&B and number 25 on the Billboard Top 100, and "When I'm with You". which reached number 15 on the R&B chart.[3] In August 1956, the band appeared in one of the first rock-and-roll movies, Rock, Rock, Rock, lip-syncing "Over and Over Again" and "I Knew From The Start".[3]

By December 1956, Fuqua had begun to sing most of the vocal leads.[3] In June 1957, the Moonglows had an R&B hit with their cover of Percy Mayfield's "Please Send Me Someone to Love". In late 1958, the Fuqua-led "Ten Commandments of Love" (used in soundtrack of "A Bronx Tale"[5]) reached number nine R&B and number 22 pop; the group was billed as Harvey and the Moonglows.[3] Chess released two EPs and an album, Look, It's the Moonglows, during that period.[3] Following that release, the original group broke up at the end of the year, performing together only for contractual reasons.[3]

Spinoff groups

In 1959, Lester began a solo career.[3] That same year, Harvey Fuqua, following the advice of another Chess artist, Bo Diddley, worked with the Marquees, where Fuqua first met Marvin Gaye. Relocating the group from their hometown of Washington, D.C., to Chicago, Fuqua soon brought Chuck Barksdale into the group after Barksdale's group, the Dells, was temporarily on a break following a car crash involving one of its members.[3] Fuqua renamed the group Harvey and the New Moonglows.[3] In April 1959, Fuqua sang lead on the ballad "Twelve Months of the Year", which included a spoken recitation by Gaye, repeating an early trademark of the Moonglows in "Ten Commandments of Love".[3] Later in 1959, Chess issued the songs "Unemployment" and "Mama Loocie", which was Gaye's first lead vocal.[3] Most of the time, Fuqua recorded solo numbers and often promoted his and the New Moonglows' songs on TV and in movies.[3] During this time, the group recorded background vocals for the likes of Etta James and Chuck Berry.[6][7]

Lester later formed his own Moonglows group. In 1959, he made headlines after he was arrested on a narcotics charge in Beaumont, Texas.[3] In early 1960, James Nolan left Fuqua's group, as did Reese Palmer. According to Palmer, they left to raise their families.[3] Chuck Barksdale also left to rejoin the revived Dells.[3] In late 1960, Gaye, Chester Simmons and Fuqua recorded (along with, presumably, members of the Spinners) the last New Moonglows recordings, including "Junior" and "Beatnik".[3] Afterwards, Gaye relocated to Detroit and later signed with Tamla, a subsidiary of Motown Records.[3] In February 1961, Fuqua left Chess and worked on his own Detroit labels, Harvey and Tri-Phi, until he joined Motown's production team.[8] He left Motown for RCA in 1970.[3] In 1969, Prentiss Barnes retired from show business after complications of injuries from a car crash.

Reunion

In 1970, Harvey Fuqua, Bobby Lester and Pete Graves reunited as the Moonglows with Doc Williams and Chuck Lewis.[3] In 1972, they recorded "Sincerely '72" for Big P Records.[3] RCA soon bought Big P and reissued "Sincerely '72", which reached number 43 on the R&B chart.[3] The album The Return of the Moonglows was also released that year.[3] The reunion proved to be short-lived.[3]

Final years and deaths

Bobby Lester continued to sing lead for his own Moonglows group until he succumbed to complications of cancer in 1980, at the age of 49.[8] He was replaced by Billy McPhatter, son of Clyde McPhatter.

Fuqua performed with Bobby Lester's Moonglows at the 1983 Grammy Awards ceremony, and the group toured as Harvey and the Moonglows until 1986. Bobby Lester, Jr., replaced McPhatter as lead singer of Bobby Lester's Moonglows.[9]

Billy Johnson died in Los Angeles in 1987.[8] Prentiss Barnes and Pete Graves died in 2006.[3][10] Fuqua, the last surviving member of the group, died on July 6, 2010, in Detroit.[3]

On June 25, 2019, The New York Times Magazine listed The Moonglows among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire.[11]

Legacy

The Moonglows' singing style is known as "blow" harmony, based on the technical method used by the backing vocalists.[8]

The Moonglows were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1999 and the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2000.[2]

Members
  • Harvey Fuqua, vocals (1953–1958)
  • Bobby Lester, vocals (1953–1958)
  • Alexander "Pete" Walton (or Graves), vocals (1953–1958)
  • Prentiss Barnes, vocals (1953–1958)
  • Billy Johnson, guitar (1953–1958)
  • Danny Coggins, vocals (1953–1953)[8]

Singles
Year Single (A-side, B-side)
Both sides from same album except where indicated		 Chart positions Album
US US R&B
1953 "Just a Lonely Christmas"
b/w "Hey, Santa Claus"		 — — Non-album tracks
1954 "Secret Love"
b/w "Real Gone Mama"		 — —
"I Was Wrong"
b/w "Ooo Rockin' Daddy"		 — —
"219 Train"
b/w "My Gal"		 — —
"Sincerely"
b/w "Tempting" (Non-album track)		 20 1 "Rock, Rock, Rock" soundtrack
1955 "Most Of All"
b/w "She's Gone" (Non-album track)		 — 5 Bunch of Goodies
"Starlite"
b/w "In Love"		 — — Non-album tracks
"Lover, Love Me"
b/w "In My Diary" (from Bunch of Goodies)		 — —
1956 "We Go Together"
b/w "Chickie Um Bah" (Non-album track)		 — 9 Bunch of Goodies
"When I'm With You" / — 15 Look! It's The Moonglows
"See Saw" 25 6 "Rock, Rock, Rock" soundtrack
"Over and Over Again"
b/w "I Knew From The Start"		 — —
1957 "Don't Say Goodbye"
b/w "I'm Afraid The Masquerade Is Over" (Non-album track)		 — - Look! It's The Moonglows
"Please Send Me Someone to Love"
b/w "Mr. Engineer (Bring Her Back To Me)" (Non-album track)		 73 5 Bunch of Goodies
"The Beating Of My Heart"
b/w "Confess It To Your Heart"		 — — Non-album tracks
1958 "Here I Am"
b/w "Too Late"		 — —
"In the Middle of the Night"
b/w "Soda Pop"		 — —
"Ten Commandments of Love"
b/w "Mean Old Blues"		 22 9 Look! It's The Moonglows
1959 "Mama Loocie"
b/w "Unemployment"		 — — Non-album tracks
1972 "Sincerely"
b/w "I Was Wrong"		 — 43 The Return Of The Moonglows

References
  1. Du Noyer, Paul (2003). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music. Fulham, London: Flame Tree Publishing. p. 181. ISBN 1-904041-96-5.
  2. "The Moonglows: Inducted in 2000". Rockhall.com. Retrieved June 20, 2013.
  3. "Marv Goldberg's R&B Notebooks: Moonglows". Uncamarvy.com. Retrieved June 20, 2013.
  4. Tobler, John (1992). NME Rock 'N' Roll Years. London: Reed International Books. p. 11. CN 5585.
  5. "A Bronx Tale - Music From The Motion Picture". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2018-02-17. Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
  6. "Just preordered this..." Both Sides Now Stereo Chat Board. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved August 20, 2009.
  7. Dietmar Rudolph. "Who Were the Ecuadors? – The Chuck Berry Collectors Blog". Crlf.de. Retrieved 2016-03-13.
  8. Colin Larkin, ed. (1997). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music (Concise ed.). Virgin Books. p. 870. ISBN 1-85227-745-9.
  9. Warner, Jay. American Singing Groups: A History from 1940 to Today. Hal Leonard. ISBN 9780634099786. Google Books link
  10. "Biloxi and Gulfport News, Casinos, Jobs, Real Estate, Sports and Cars". Web.archive.org. 13 March 2007. Archived from the original on 13 March 2007. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  11. Rosen, Jody (25 June 2019). "Here Are Hundreds More Artists Whose Tapes Were Destroyed in the UMG Fire". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 June 2019.


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