The Double Life of Veronique

The Double Life of Veronique (French: La double vie de Véronique, Polish: Podwójne życie Weroniki) is a 1991 French-Polish-Norwegian drama film directed by Krzysztof Kieślowski and starring Irène Jacob. Written by Kieślowski and Krzysztof Piesiewicz, the film explores the themes of identity, love, and human intuition through the characters of Weronika, a Polish choir soprano, and her double, Véronique, a French music teacher. The two women do not know each other, and yet they share a mysterious and emotional bond that transcends language and geography.

The Double Life of Veronique
Promotional poster
Directed byKrzysztof Kieślowski
Produced byLeonardo De La Fuente
Written by
Starring
Music byZbigniew Preisner
CinematographySławomir Idziak
Edited byJacques Witta
Production
company
Distributed bySidéral Films (France), Miramax (United States)
Release date
  • 15 May 1991 (1991-05-15) (France)
Running time
98 minutes
CountryFrance, Poland, Norway
LanguageFrench, Polish
Box office$2 million (USA)

The Double Life of Véronique was Kieślowski's first film to be produced partly outside his native Poland.[1] It won the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury and the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival, and the Best Actress Award for Jacob.[2] The Double Life of Véronique was selected as the Polish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.[3]

Plot

In Poland in 1968, a little girl is shown the stars in the winter sky by her mother, who identifies the Christmas Eve star. In France, a little girl is shown one of the first leaves of spring by her mother, who points out the fine veins running through.

In Poland in 1990, a young Polish woman named Weronika (Irène Jacob) is singing at an outdoor concert with her choir when a sudden downpour causes the singers to rush for cover. After Weronika holds the last note alone, she meets her boyfriend, Antek (Jerzy Gudejko), and they go to his apartment to have sex. The next day she asks her father to tell Antek she is leaving to be with her sick aunt in Kraków. She tells him that lately she feels she's not alone in the world.

Weronika travels to Kraków by train looking out at the passing landscape through a small clear rubber ball. At her aunt's house, Weronika talks about her boyfriend, then meets a friend at a concert rehearsal. As the choir rehearses, Weronika, who is watching offstage, accompanies them in her soprano voice. Afterwards, the musical director asks her to audition. Overjoyed, Weronika rushes home with the sheet music. On the way, she passes through Main Market Square, where a protest rally is in progress. One protester runs into her, causing her to drop her music folder. After retrieving the sheet music, Weronika notices a French tourist taking photos of the protestors—a young woman who looks exactly like her. Weronika smiles as she watches her double board the tourist bus that soon pulls away.

At the audition, Weronika's singing impresses the musical director and conductor, and she is later told that she won the audition. The next day, while on a trolley studying the score, Weronika notices her boyfriend Antek following on his motorbike. When they talk, she apologizes for not returning his calls, and Antek tells her he loves her. Later, while getting dressed for the concert, Weronika presses her face against a window and sees an old woman with shopping bags slowly making her way along the street. That night during the concert, while singing a solo part, Weronika collapses onstage and dies.

In Paris that day, a young French woman named Véronique (Irène Jacob), after sex with her former boyfriend, is overwhelmed with sadness, as if she were grieving. The next day, at the school where she teaches music, Véronique attends a marionette performance with her class about a ballet dancer who breaks her leg and then turns into a butterfly. She then leads her class in a musical piece by an eighteenth-century composer, Van den Budenmayer—the same piece performed by Weronika when she died. That night while driving home, she sees the puppeteer at a traffic light motioning to her not to light the wrong end of her cigarette. Later she is awakened by a phone call with no one speaking, but in the background she hears a choir singing the music of Van den Budenmayer. The next day, Véronique drives to her father's house where she reveals she is in love with someone she doesn't know, and that recently she felt she was alone—that someone was gone from her life. Back in Paris, she receives a letter containing a shoelace, which she compares to her EKG graph, and a stranger shines light on her using a mirror.

Véronique learns that the puppeteer is a children's book author named Alexandre Fabbri (Philippe Volter), whose marionette story was based on his book Libellule & Papillon. One of his other books is about a shoelace. In the coming days, Véronique reads several of Alexandre's books. When Véronique visits her father, he gives her a package addressed to her containing a cassette tape. When she's alone, she listens to the mysterious recording of a typewriter, footsteps, a door opening, a train station, and a fragment of music by Van den Budenmayer. There are also sounds of a car accident and explosion. The postage stamp on the envelope leads Véronique to a Gare Saint-Lazare train station cafe where she believes the cassette recording was made. There she sees Alexandre sitting by himself, as if waiting for her. He tells her he's been waiting for her for two days, that he's working on a new book, and that this was a kind of experiment to see if she would come to him. Angered at being manipulated, Véronique leaves and takes a taxi to a nearby hotel, After checking in, she sees Alexandre, who apparently ran after the taxi. He asks for her forgiveness, and she brings him up to her room, where they both fall asleep. During the night, they confess their feelings for each other and become lovers.

The next morning she tells him, "All my life I've felt like I was here and somewhere else at the same time." While looking at a proof sheet of photos taken on Véronique's recent trip to Poland, Alexandre notices what he thinks is a photo of Véronique, but she assures him it is not her, that she in fact took the photo—of a young Polish woman carrying a music folder. Véronique is overwhelmed by a deep sadness.

Some time later at his apartment, Véronique sees Alexandre working on a new marionette with her image. When asked about the purpose of a second identical marionette, Alexandre explains, "I handle them a lot when I perform. They get damaged easily." He shows her how to work the one marionette while the double lies lifeless on the table. Alexandre reads his new book to Véronique about two women, born the same day in different cities, who have a mysterious connection. Later that day, Véronique arrives at her father's house, stops at the front gate, and reaches out and touches an old tree. Her father, who is inside the house, seems to sense this without seeing it.

Cast
  • Irène Jacob as Weronika, and Véronique[Note 1]
  • Halina Gryglaszewska as The aunt
  • Kalina Jędrusik as The Gaudy Woman
  • Aleksander Bardini as The Orchestra Conductor
  • Władysław Kowalski as Weronika's father
  • Guillaume De Tonquédec as Serge
  • Jerzy Gudejko as Antek
  • Philippe Volter as Alexandre Fabbri
  • Sandrine Dumas as Catherine
  • Janusz Sterninski as The lawyer
  • Louis Ducreux as The professor
  • Claude Duneton as Véronique's father
  • Lorraine Evanoff as Claude
  • Gilles Gaston-Dreyfus as Jean-Pierre
  • Chantal Neuwirth as The receptionist
  • Alain Frérot as The postman
  • Youssef Hamid as The railroader
  • Thierry de Carbonnières as The teacher
  • Nausicaa Rampony as Nicole
  • Boguslawa Schubert as The woman in the hat
  • Jacques Potin as The Man in the gray coat[4][5]

Production

Filming style

The film has a strong metaphysical element, though the supernatural aspect of the story is never explained. Like the later Three Colours: Blue, it showcased Preisner's musical score as a major plot element, crediting his work to the fictional Van den Budenmayer. The cinematography is highly stylized, using color and camera filters to create an ethereal atmosphere; the cinematographer, Sławomir Idziak, had previously experimented with these techniques in one episode of Dekalog, and Kieślowski would later use colour for a wider range of effects in his Three Colours trilogy. Kieślowski had earlier used the idea of exploring different paths in life for the same person, in his Polish film Przypadek (Blind Chance), and the central choice faced by Weronika/Véronique is based on a brief subplot in the ninth episode of Dekalog.

Filming locations

The film was shot at locations including Clermont-Ferrand, Kraków and Paris.[6]

Alternative ending

A Criterion Collection region 1 DVD was released in November 2006 in the United States and Canada, which includes an alternative ending which Kieślowski changed in the edit at the request of Harvey Weinstein of Miramax for the American release. Kieślowski added four brief shots to the end of the film showing Véronique's father emerging from the house and Véronique running across the yard to embrace him. The final image of the father and daughter embracing is shot from inside the house through a window.

Music

The film was scored by Zbigniew Preisner. In the film his music is described as being by Van den Budenmayer, a fictitious 18th-century Dutch composer created by Preisner and Kieślowski for attributions in screenplays. Music "by" the Dutch composer plays a role in two other Kieślowski films: Dekalog (1988), and Three Colours: Blue (1993) in which a theme from his musique funebres is quoted in the Song for the Unification of Europe. Its E minor soprano solo is prefigured in Weronika's final performance.[7]

Puppetry

The puppet acts in The Double Life of Véronique were performed by American puppeteer and sculptor Bruce Schwartz. Unlike most puppeteers who usually hide their hands in gloves or use strings or sticks, Schwartz shows his hands while performing.

Reception

Critical response

The Double Life of Veronique received mostly positive reviews. In her review in Not Coming to a Theater Near You, Jenny Jediny wrote, "In many ways, The Double Life of Veronique is a small miracle of cinema; ... Kieslowski’s strong, if largely post-mortem reputation among the art house audience has elevated a film that makes little to no sense on paper, while its emotional tone strikes a singular—perhaps perfect—key."[8]

In his review in The Washington Post, Hal Hinson called the film "a mesmerizing poetic work composed in an eerie minor key." Noting that the effect on the viewer is subtle but very real, Hinson concluded, "The film takes us completely into its world, and in doing so, it leaves us with the impression that our own world, once we return to it, is far richer and portentous than we had imagined." Hinson was particularly impressed with Jacob's performance:

This is an actress with an uncanny openness and vulnerability to the camera. She's beautiful, but in a completely unconventional way, and she has such changeable features that our interest is never exhausted. What's remarkable about her performance is how quiet it is; as an actress, she seems to work almost off the decibel scale. And yet she is remarkably alive on screen, remarkably present. She's a rare combination—a sexy yet soulful actress.[9]

In her review in The New York Times, Caryn James wrote, "Veronique is poetic in the truest sense, relying on images that can't be turned into prosaic statements without losing something of their essence. The film suggests mysterious connections of personality and emotion, but it was never meant to yield any neat, summary idea about the two women's lives."[10]

In his review in the Chicago Sun-Times, Roger Ebert wrote, "The movie has a hypnotic effect. We are drawn into the character, not kept at arm's length with a plot." Ebert singled out Sławomir Idziak's innovative use of color and cinematography:

This is one of the most beautiful films I've seen. The cinematographer, Slawomir Idziak, finds a glow in Irene Jacob's pre-Raphaelite beauty. He uses a rich palette, including insistent reds and greens that don't "stand" for anything but have the effect of underlining the other colors. The other color, blending with both, is golden yellow, and then there are the skin tones. Jacob, who was 24 when the film was made, has a flawless complexion that the camera lingers near to. Her face is a template waiting for experience to be added.[11]

In 2009, Ebert added The Double Life of Veronique to his Great Movies list. Krzysztof Kieślowski's Dekalog and The Three Colours Trilogy are also on the list.[12]

In his review for Empire Online, David Parkinson called it "a film of great fragility and beauty, with the delicacy of the puppet theatre." He thought the film was "divinely photographed" by Slawomir Idziak, and praised Irène Jacob's performance as "simply sublime and thoroughly merited the Best Actress prize at Cannes." Parkinson saw the film as "compelling, challenging and irresistibly beautiful" and a "metaphysical masterpiece."[13]

At the All Movie web site, the film received a 4-star rating (out of 5) plus "High Artistic Quality" citation.[5] At About.com, which specializes in DVD reviews, the film received 5 stars (out of 5) in their critical review.[14] At BBC, the film received 3 stars (out of 5).[15] On the aggregate reviewer website Rotten Tomatoes, the film received an 85% positive rating from critics based on 26 reviews.[16]

Box office performance

The film was the 50th highest-grossing film of the year with a total of 592,241 admissions in France.[17] In North America the film opened on one screen grossing $8,572 its opening weekend. In total the film grossed $1,999,955 at the North American box office playing at a total of 22 theaters in its widest release which is a respectable result for a foreign art film.[18]

Home media

A digitally restored version of the film was released on DVD and Blu-ray by The Criterion Collection. The release includes audio commentary by Annette Insdorf, author of Double Lives, Second Chances: The Cinema of Krzysztof Kieślowski; three short documentary films by Kieślowski: Factory (1970), Hospital (1976), and Railway Station (1980); The Musicians (1958), a short film by Kieślowski's teacher Kazimierz Karabasz; Kieślowski’s Dialogue (1991), a documentary featuring a candid interview with Kieślowski and rare behind-the-scenes footage from the set of The Double Life of Véronique; 1966-1988: Kieślowski, Polish Filmmaker, a 2005 documentary tracing the filmmaker's work in Poland, from his days as a student through The Double Life of Veronique; a 2005 interview with actress Irène Jacob; and new video interviews with cinematographer Slawomir Idziak and composer Zbigniew Preisner. It also includes a booklet featuring essays by Jonathan Romney, Slavoj Zizek, and Peter Cowie, and a selection from Kieślowski on Kieślowski.[19]

Awards and nominations

See also

Notes
  1. Irène Jacob's voice was overdubbed by Anna Gornostaj for the Polish dialogue.

References
  1. "The Double Life of Véronique". Criterion. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  2. "La Double vie de Veronique". Festival de Cannes. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  3. Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
  4. "Full cast and crew for The Double Life of Veronique". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
  5. Reed, Anthony. "The Double Life of Veronique". Allmovie. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  6. "Filming locations for The Double Life of Veronique". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 11 February 2012.
  7. "Zbigniew Preisner". Musicolog. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
  8. Jediny, Jenny. "The Double Life of Véronique". Not Coming to a Theater Near You. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  9. Hinson, Hal (13 December 1991). "The Double Life of Véronique". The Washington Post. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
  10. James, Caryn (8 December 1991). "The Double Life of Veronique (1991)". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  11. Ebert, Roger (25 February 2009). "The Double Life of Veronique (1991)". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  12. Ebert, Roger. "Great Movies". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
  13. Parkinson, David. "The Double Life of Veronique". Empire Online. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
  14. "DVD Pick: The Double Life of Veronique". About.com. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  15. Leyland, Matthew (12 March 2006). "The Double Life Of Veronique (La Double Vie De Véronique) (1991)". BBC. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  16. "La Double Vie de Véronique (The Double Life of Veronique) (1991)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  17. "La Double vie de Véronique". J.P.'s Box Office. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  18. "The Double Life of Veronique". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  19. "The Double Life of Véronique". The Criterion Collection.
  20. "La double vie de Véronique (1991)". The Swedish Film Database. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
  21. "Awards for The Double Life of Veronique". Internet Movie Database. 12 February 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2012.

Bibliography
  • Insdorf, Annette (1999). Double Lives, Second Chances: The Cinema of Krzysztof Kieślowski. New York: Hyperion. ISBN 0-7868-6562-8.
  • Kieślowski, Krzysztof (1998). Stok, Danusia (ed.). Kieślowski on Kieślowski. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-17328-4.
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