The Anthony Ler case

Anthony Ler Wee Teang was a Singaporean convicted murderer who hired a youth to murder his wife, 30-year-old insurance agent Annie Leong Wai Mun, who was in the midst of a divorce with him. Ler's motive was to become the sole owner of their flat and to gain custody of their then four-year-old daughter. Ler approached five youths and offered them a reward of S$100,000 to kill Leong. A 15-year-old boy whom Ler had known for five years accepted the offer. Ler threatened and manipulated the youth to carry out the deed. After several failed attempts, the youth fatally stabbed Leong.[3]

The Anthony Ler case

Date	14 May 2001
Location	Hougang, Singapore
Motive	To gain full ownership of the Lers' flat and custody of daughter
Deaths	1
Suspects	• Anthony Ler Wee Teang • "Z", the 15-year-old hired killer

Anthony Ler Wee Teang
Born	1967 Singapore
Died	13 December 2002 Changi Prison, Singapore
Cause of death	Death by hanging
Other names	Anthony Ler Ler Wee Teang Anthony
Criminal status	Executed
Conviction(s)	Abetment of Murder (1 count)
Criminal penalty	Death (date of sentencing: 5 December 2001)
Partner(s)	"Z" (detained indefintely for murder)
Details
Victims	1
Date	1 May 2001–14 May 2001
Country	Singapore
Date apprehended	19 May 2001

"Z" (pseudonym)
Born	31 December 1985 (possible birthday)[1][2] Singapore
Criminal status	Released since 2 November 2018
Conviction(s)	Murder (1 count)
Criminal penalty	Indefinite detention at the President's Pleasure (date of sentencing: 5 December 2001)
Partner(s)	Anthony Ler Wee Teang (executed for murder)
Details
Victims	1
Date	1 May 2001–14 May 2001
Country	Singapore
Date apprehended	18 May 2001

The boy was not named to protect his identity since he was a minor. Court documents and media instead referred to the boy as "Z". Anthony Ler was convicted of masterminding the murder, and was hanged after he lost his appeal and clemency plea. Due to his age, Z was not liable to a death sentence and was hence indefinitely detained, and he had served 17 years in prison before his release on 2 November 2018.[4][5][6]

The murder case was adapted into a documentary and an episode of a true crime TV series. The memoir of Subhas Anandan, Ler's defending lawyer, was subsequently adapted into another true crime series and published in, Guilty As Charged: 25 Crimes That Have Shaken Singapore Since 1965, a collection of crime stories by the national newspaper, The Straits Times.

Background

Anthony Ler's early life and marriage

Anthony Ler Wee Teang (simplified Chinese: 吕伟添; traditional Chinese: 呂偉添; pinyin: Lǚ Wěitiān), who was born sometime in 1967, was the youngest of four children in his family. It was stated that he had an unhappy childhood, and his parents divorced when he was young. Ler, who was not close to his two brothers and one sister, later completed his primary and secondary education at River Valley English School and Thomson Secondary School respectively before moving on to study in a polytechnic. However, Ler dropped out in his first year after his father refused to continue paying for his education.[7]

After completing his mandatory two-year National Service and pursuing a five-year long army career, Anthony Ler moved on to establish several businesses but all ended in bankruptcy and failure. At the time of his arrest, Ler was working as a graphic designer. Ler first met his wife Annie Leong Wai Mun (Chinese: 梁慧敏; pinyin: Liáng Huìmǐn) in a church when he was 19 years old. At that time, Leong was 15 years old. They later on began a relationship, which lasted for five years before their marriage in 1995.[7] The couple's first and only child, a daughter named Avelyn Ler,[8] was born on 13 April 1997.[9]

Anthony Ler's affairs and debts: divorce proceedings

After his marriage to Annie Leong, Anthony Ler slowly began to be unfaithful to his wife. While he was married to Leong, he had an affair with a woman named Belinda Ho Wei Lynn, who later found out about his marital status as a married husband and father. Later, Anthony Ler even allowed Ho into his flat to live with him and his wife and daughter. Leong subsequently found out about the illicit love affair between her husband and Ho. This affair was riddled with the financial problems racked up from Ler's failed business ventures, and ended three and a half years later.[10] This affair became the main factor of Leong's decision to separate from him, with their daughter. Ler had another affair with another woman named Marilyn Tan Su Fen, with whom he shared a sexual relationship and engaged in business. This business ended in financial trouble, as did their affair.[11]

Apart from the affairs her husband engaged in, the soft-spoken Leong had to also cope with her husband's financial difficulties by using savings to settle his debts. She had quit her job from the bank to help her husband to set up a business, but later returned to work after their daughter was born. In October 1999, Leong, together with Avelyn, left her husband to live in her mother's home. In August 2000, Ler nearly faced bankruptcy because of a failing publishing business. As a result, he attempted suicide by overdosing on sleeping pills and was hospitalised for this. Leong returned to help him, and for Ler, it was a sign that their marriage could be reconciled. However, that was not to be, as Leong began to file for divorce in February 2001, and was pending custody of their daughter. It was also informally agreed that Ler would visit Avelyn in weekends.[6]

Contract killing of Annie Leong

Plotting of wife's murder

The debt-ridden Anthony Ler knew that given his precarious financial situation, he would be at a disadvantage in gaining custody of his daughter because he did not have the ability to raise her well. Another factor was because of his debts incurred from all the failed businesses he engaged in and the pending sale of their flat. For this, Ler began to contemplate murdering his wife, to gain custody of their daughter and the full ownership of his flat; so that his debts would ultimately be paid off from the proceeds promised by the sale of the flat.[12]

First move and recruitment

Anthony Ler began in February 2001 by befriending a group of five teenage boys who had gathered outside a McDonald's restaurant in Pasir Ris. Ler acted as a mentor figure to them, and even went on meeting them a few times (there are some occasions where a few girls known to the boys would be present). After they first met, Ler asked the boys if they dared to kill people and when one of them asked how much he was willing to pay, Ler asked them to name their price. Z, a 15-year-old secondary school student whom Ler had known for five years, replied S$1 million; another boy, a 16-year-old school drop-out named Gavin Ng Jin Wei (Chinese: 黄敬伟; pinyin: Huáng Jìngwěi), said S$100,000; a third boy named Seah Tze Howe (Chinese: 佘子豪; pinyin: Shé Ziháo) said S$100; the others gave unknown prices. Ler agreed to Gavin's price, and asked them to name a target. That was when Ler expressed that his target would be his wife, whom he said he hated for not allowing him to visit his daughter frequently and everything. He said he would pay that amount to any boy who dared to do it, as well as treat them to some pretty girls. All boys perceived it as a joke.[12]

Gavin and Z had been friends for 11 years, and fellow school mates before Gavin's drop-out from school. In the first week of May 2001 the pair again met with Ler. Ler then once again brought up the issue of wanting his wife dead, and asked if Gavin would do it, even asking him to kill his wife by covering her mouth with one hand and slit her throat with a knife from behind. It was then Gavin Ng realised that Ler was serious about killing Annie Leong. Gavin was later brought to Ler's flat to practice killing by using a newspaper and knife, and being shown the photos of Leong and Avelyn. Gavin later talked to a 14-year-old female friend (who was not named in the media due to her aged below 16), about this incident, and he decided to back out after she told him to not do the job. Gavin tried to warn Z to not do the job.[13][14][15]

Another youth, 22-year-old Seah Tze Howe, was approached by Anthony Ler to kill his wife. Like Gavin, Tze Howe also realised that Ler was serious about it when he was invited to Ler's flat one night, where he was offered $100,000 to commit the murder. Ler also said he would sold the flat and get the money from the proceeds to pay him. Tze Howe then made a suggestion to Ler, which is to hire a professional killer to carry out the murder. He later told the persistent Ler that he could not find anyone to do it.[16][17]

Similarly, the remaining two of the five youths, 19-year-old Kong Ka Cheong (Chinese: 江家聪; pinyin: Jiāng Jiācōng) and 17-year-old Vickneswaran Krishnan, felt that Ler was joking and disturbed at Ler's constant mentioning of the issue of desiring his wife's death respectively. Vickneswaran, who is also known as Vick to his friends, told the court that, "I found it strange that he should mention the subject of killing his wife every time we met. I thought he was crazy". On the other hand, Z, who was described as simple-minded and being too trusting by Gavin, agreed with Ler's requests to kill his wife.[6]

The first failed attempts on Annie Leong's life

The first attempt was on 10 May 2001. The youth was brought to Hougang Avenue 9 by Anthony Ler, to Block 923, the flat where Annie Leong lived in. On the instructions of Ler, the youth wore a helmet to prevent facial identification, and armed himself with a long steak knife given to him by Ler. After seeing a woman alighting the taxi, the youth, from what he said in his police statements, asked Ler by phone about Leong's facial description. After receiving Ler's description of Leong, which roughly matched the description of the woman whom the youth seen, the boy began to make his move but he missed Leong after reaching the fourth floor (the floor where Leong lived in). Later, the boy then saw Leong coming out with her daughter to go to the playground. The 15-year-old, upon seeing Avelyn, could not bring himself to attack Leong in the presence of the little girl despite Ler's insistence to do so.

The second attempt was on 11 May the next day. However, the youth had second thoughts and considered backing out of the plan. Before he could even raise a finger, he placed the helmet on a parked motorcycle in a nearby carpark. Just then, a phone call from Anthony Ler came, and this compelled him into obeying Ler's orders to carry out the killing again. Once again, by the time he reached the lift lobby of the fourth floor, he missed Leong. And later, the youth saw her, together with Anthony Ler and their daughter, playing in the playground. It was then the boy realised that he did not want to murder Annie Leong.[18]

An accomplice's reluctance

After the second failed attempt, an angry Ler refused to let the boy back out of the plan. It was then, the boy stated, Ler threatened to take his life if he did not help kill Ler's wife. Not only that, Ler even went as far as to make a threat on the lives of the boy's parents and two other siblings. For the next two days, the boy did not go visit Ler because he wanted to celebrate Mother's Day with his mother.[19]

On his visit to Anthony Ler's home on 13 May, the boy was given a Japanese samurai sword as a gift from Ler, and the boy liked it. Ler told him, he wanted the boy to use the sword to kill Leong. The boy refused to do it and asked to return the weapon to Ler, who in response, told him that he would use the sword to kill him if so.[20] Still not wanting to do the deed, after he went home with the sword, the boy then stayed out for a whole day after going on a fishing session and spent the night in his girlfriend's flat. The boy was deliberately avoiding the phone calls from Ler until much later, when he took it, Ler told him to go to Hougang. The boy then went to Ler's flat with the steak knife, which Ler gave to him at first, and his school textbook (to create an excuse that he went out studying for his undergoing exams). Once he reached there, they prepared and practised the killing, with Ler telling him specifically where he should stab Annie Leong with the knife. After they left the flat, the final and fatal attempt begun.[18]

14 May 2001: Murder of Annie Leong

Taking with him some papers, Anthony Ler went to visit his wife late in night, and asked to meet out in the playground with their daughter. After they met up, Ler asked Leong to sign some papers regarding the unsettled mortgage of their flat, in which they would ask for the mortgage to be settled in monthly installments. Leong agreed to, and asked Ler if he had a pen. Ler said no. Hence, Leong decided to go up to her mother's flat to get a pen, while Ler stayed behind to accompany 4-year-old Avelyn in the playground. Unknown to Leong, she was lured into a lethal trap set by her own husband.

The 15-year-old youth, who was in the ground floor watching the family of three in secrecy, upon seeing Leong about to go up on the lift, made his move as instructed by Ler. He quickly ran up the stairs and reached the 4th floor on time to see Leong stepping out of the lift. From behind, the teenager immediately set upon Leong, covering the screaming woman's mouth with a red cloth on one hand while wielding the knife on the other hand to stab Leong on the neck and chest.[19] After that, the teen murderer fled the scene, leaving a mortally wounded Leong staggering to the outside of her mother's flat and collapsed in front of her shocked mother and brother. At the same time, Ler heard his wife's screams from downstairs and quickly, together with his daughter, got up to his mother-in-law's flat (with the knowledge that the boy had done his job). In front of neighbours and family members, Ler put up a shocked expression, repeatedly telling his wife to not sleep while calling her name. While the family was busy rushing Leong to the hospital, the 15-year-old murderer fled to a bus stop, where he managed to hire a taxi and rode it to the beach, and disposed the murder weapon into the sea, as what Ler instructed him to prior to murdering Leong.

An ambulance arrived and brought Leong to Tan Tock Seng Hospital. A few hours later, on the midnight of 15 May 2001, 30-year-old Annie Leong Wai Mun died from her injuries, much to the grief of family members and to the glee of Ler, who pretended to be grieving for his murdered wife. An autopsy had certified that Leong had died from "acute haemorrhage due to stab wounds of heart and lung". The neck and chest wounds were measured 6cm and 15cm long respectively.[9]

Anthony Ler's arrest

The police investigations, led by ASP Richard Lim Beng Gee, were conducted as soon as they took the case. The police scouraged the crime scene and found no clues, except one. The only clue found was a torn front page of a newspaper, which the 15-year-old used to wrap up the knife. The police immediately suspected Anthony Ler as their prime suspect. During their interrogation of Ler, Ler was uncooperative, hostile and aggressive, denying any involvement in the murder of his wife, much to the police's surprise and suspicion, as normally when one's spouse was killed, the other should have been cooperative and ensure the killer be brought to justice. Still, it was insufficient for them to suspect Ler's involvement in the crime. As for Anthony Ler, he made a charade in front of the mourning family members and friends at his wife's funeral, pretending to be sorrowful and teary towards the death of his wife. Before his treachery was known to the public, Ler once told reporters that he himself was a bad husband, confessing that he was being unfaithful and debt-ridden; he even described himself as a "devil" while calling his wife an "angel".[21]

After his police interview, Ler agreed to allow police to search his flat and there, police found out that one of the newspapers in Ler's home had its front page torn out. When asked about this, Ler lied that he did not know where is the missing torn page (in fact, that particular newspaper's missing front page was the same one which the 15-year-old teen killer used to wrap the knife). The police also collected some evidence from Anthony Ler's home for investigation purposes. On 18 May 2001, 4 days after Annie Leong's murder, the police officers also brought in two of Ler's known acquaintances for questioning. One of them was Gavin Ng and the other was the 15-year-old himself; earlier on, the 15-year-old teenager had told Gavin that he had killed Annie Leong (he said "Anthony’s wife, I do already"),[22][14] much to the shock and anger of Gavin, who also informed the other boys about it.

When it comes to questioning the teenager, the police received shocking answers from the boy, who confessed to the killing out of guilt, and confessed that he did it under the orders of Ler.[23] This ultimately led to the arrest of Ler, who was charged with abetment of murder, which was also a hanging offence like murder under the law of Singapore and thus warranted a mandatory death sentence at that time. The 15-year-old youth, who appeared as a lanky and bespectacled teenager, was also placed under arrest and charged with murder. His unknown identity was withheld from the media since he was aged below 16 years old and thus cannot be named. Additionally, one published photograph of the boy, which captured his face, was also edited to cover his face to prevent his identity being exposed to the public.[24]

Trial

On 19 November 2001, both Anthony Ler and the 15-year-old boy stood trial together in the High Court of Singapore for the murder of Annie Leong.[19] The case was heard before Judicial Commissioner Tay Yong Kwang of the High Court. The prosecution consisted of Deputy Public Prosecutors (DPPs) Low Cheong Yeow and Edwin San Ong Kyar, while for the two defendants, Anthony Ler was represented by veteran lawyer Subhas Anandan (1947 – 2015) and his assistant Anand Nalachandran, while the youth was represented by lawyers Edwin Seah Li Ming and Peter Ong Lip Cheng. Additionally, to protect his identity due to his age, the teenager was renamed "Z" in the court documents and the media.

As for Ler, despite facing the gallows, he kept wearing a strange smile on his face throughout the court proceedings and in the media. Subhas, in his memoir The Best I Could, he stated that in fact, he was not keen to take the case in the first place, having followed the case in the news. But when Ler's mother and sister came to him and wanted him to defend Ler, he could not bring himself to reject it seeing Ler's mother's tears and her desperation to help her son (as he thought of his mother's feelings if he himself was in Ler's situation by scenario). He expressed that he, like members of the public, wondered about the smile which Anthony Ler made, speculating that it could be a sneer or security blanket.[25][26]

The prosecution's case against Anthony Ler was largely based on the statements and hand-written confession made by Z. They call for witnesses like Gavin Ng, Seah Tze Howe, Kong Ka Cheong, Vickneswaran Krishnan and the other teenagers present whenever Ler meets up with the five boys. All the boys and girls verified that Anthony Ler did frequently brought up the subject of wanting his wife dead. Additionally, the ex-lovers of Ler - Belinda Ho and Marilyn Tan - also took the stand, telling the court that Ler had also told them on some occasions that he thirsted for the blood and death of his wife. The prosecution also obtained evidence from Ler's computer, where police found and recovered the deleted emails which Ler used to communicate with Z after the death of Annie Leong; this, together with the matching of the torn front page to Ler's newspaper, had clearly made inference to Ler's guilt of the crime, as what Z claimed in his statements. Once again, in his memoir, Subhas wrote that when he met Ler in the prison where he was remanded and showed him the retrieved files of his computer (detailing his conversation with the boy about his wife's murder), Ler's signature smile faded; that was the only time, from Subhas's words, he saw Ler's smile disappearing.[26]

Anthony Ler's defence

In his defence on 26 November 2001, Ler stated that he was innocent, and that he did not mastermind the murder of his wife or told Z to kill his wife. He stated all those talks of wanting his wife dead, were all a "joke" and a bluff.[27][28] When he was asked why he did not bring a pen beforehand, Ler claimed that he had no habit to bring a pen (though he was being told that he could have borrowed the pen from the nearest coffee shop, which is just a 10-minute walk away from the playground). When asked why he stayed behind with his daughter instead of accompanying his wife up the 4th floor, Ler said that he just wanted to spend more time with his daughter Avelyn, whom he loved very much. He showed no remorse throughout the trial for his heinous crime and only smiled.

Z's defence

Z took the stand after Anthony Ler on 28 November 2001 to put up his defence. On the stand, he said essentially the same thing as what he told the police. He also stated that he was forced and manipulated by Anthony Ler to do the killing, for which he claimed that his actions as a result of the manipulation did not amount to the crime of murder, but of culpable homicide not amounting to murder. When it was Ler's lawyer Subhas Anandan's turn to cross-examine Z, he strongly pointed out why did Z not tell the police in his first statement that he was forced to kill Annie Leong by Ler, furthermore, why did Z not tell Ler in the first place that he did not want to do it if he himself did not want to, like Gavin did. The youth replied that he did not know what to do and was confused when he was asked by Anthony Ler to murder Leong. The lawyer went on to put it to Z that he was lying about Anthony Ler instigating him to commit the murder, calling him "no angel" and "a monster" well-deserving of a long stay behind bars.[29] He even sought to paint the teenager as a cold hearted murderer who was vicious enough to implicate an innocent person (Ler) in the murder, much to Z's adamant denials on the stand. When asked if he was hurt that Ler compared him to Gavin as inferior in terms of maturity and guts (which Ler did in their meetings) and wanted Ler to look up to him, Z concede that he did, and agreed that he would do anything to prove people wrong but he said he would not do so by murdering Ler's wife.[30][18]

Verdict: Death for Anthony Ler

At the end of the trial on 5 December 2001, nearly seven months after the death of Annie Leong, and after receiving the closing submissions from the prosecution and defence the day before,[31] JC Tay Yong Kwang delivered his judgement. He rejected Anthony Ler's claims of innocence, and determined that he solicited the murder based on the review of evidence in court. He stated that what Ler did was not a joke but "a serious death match on the chess board of reality where the young men were to be his pawns and he as 'king' would direct the demise of his 'queen'.", and that he was not playing a game of bluff when broaching about the matter of wanting his wife dead, especially from his attempts on Gavin, Tze Howe and Z to get them involved. JC Tay also conclude that Ler had every motive to kill his wife from what the prosecution presented, as he stood to gain from his wife's death by becoming the sole surviving parent of Avelyn and the sole surviving joint owner of the flat. He additionally stated that while Ler may have loved his daughter, that love was clearly "eclipsed by his financial and matrimonial problems" from his actions of abetting the murder of Leong. For JC Tay, found Ler's reactions to be "nothing more than rehearsed acts performed by an accomplished actor".

As for 15-year-old Z, JC Tay believed that he was not a cold blooded killer:[32] "I see no mean miniature monster in Z. I detect no vengeful or vicious spirit in this 15 year old boy before me. I see instead a morose and mortified teenager who is still trying to come to terms with the cataclysmic events of the last seven months. He is not capable of concocting such an elaborate and consistent yarn. He does not have the presence of mind nor the mental agility to utilize and corrupt information to his own advantage or to the detriment of others". He accepted that Z was telling the truth about his experiences with Ler, as well as the testimonies of Z's friends (in particular, Tze Howe and Gavin), finding them truthful witnesses. He said that the boy would not have been able to describe his ordeal so clearly had it not been the truth. He said that the only fault of Z was that he was naive and simple-minded, saying that "he was manipulated skilfully by a man experienced in the ways of the world, tempted with easy money, enthused by dreams of glamour and sex, enticed with an ornamental sword that he craved and steered psychologically and persistently down the path of self destruction. In the end, he was given the ultimatum kill or be killed". In his words once again, "Z appears to be a rather simple-minded and mild-mannered boy ensnared haplessly way out of season in adult intrigue and machinations". Nearing the end of his 57-page-long written verdict, JC Tay summarised the case in six words, "Murder Anthony wrote, murder Z wrought."[9]

As such, Anthony Ler was found guilty and convicted of soliciting and abetting the cold-blooded murder of his wife, and was sentenced to death.[33] Z was found guilty of murder, however as he was below 18 years old at the time of the offence, he was spared the gallows and was instead to be detained indefinitely at the President's Pleasure.

Z's lawyer Edwin Seah said to reporters that Z wanted to continue studying for his GCE N-levels examinations, which he was supposed to take that same year he killed Annie Leong. And, despite him acting as the lawyer of Anthony Ler and being merciless towards the boy during his cross-examination of Z, Subhas Anandan wished the boy well nonetheless, stating that Z, after all, was just a 15-year-old boy and still deserved a second chance.[34][12][35]

Appeal and execution

After the original trial, Subhas appealed the verdict on behalf of his client Anthony Ler (who still smiled even after he was sentenced to death), and it was heard before three judges - Chief Justice Yong Pung How, Judge of Appeal Chao Hick Tin and High Court judge Tan Lee Meng - in the Court of Appeal of Singapore. However, the appeal was rejected on 4 March 2002; the three judges agreed with the High Court's decision and reject Anthony Ler's claims of innocence based on the evidence they reviewed. Initially, Z also appealed against his conviction but later withdrew his appeal.[36][37] The clemency plea to President S. R. Nathan, which Ler submitted in hope of having his death sentence commuted to life imprisonment was also dismissed. Eventually, on 13 December 2002, for abetting the murder of his wife, 35-year-old Anthony Ler Wee Teang was hanged to death in Changi Prison at dawn.[18][6]

Before his client was hanged, Subhas wrote in his memoir that when he came to see Anthony Ler one last time, Ler thanked him for his efforts in defending him, and having knew that Subhas lost a kidney to cancer, Ler offered to donate his kidneys to him as a sign of gratitude. Despite his gratitude and appreciation of Ler's offer, Subhas politely turned down Ler's sincere offer, he felt that he should not accept it by ethical means because it would make everyone misinterpret that he defended Ler just for his kidneys. He speculated that Ler's wishes to donate his organs could have possibly be atonement for his crime. He added that Ler initially did not want to sign the clemency petition but he did it for the sake of his mother. In his memoir he wrote, only one of Ler's two brothers was present at the funeral but no one else (possibly due to the murderer's notoreity) and before his execution, Anthony Ler said that he could not stop thinking about his daughter.

The lawyer added that when he visited Changi Prison shortly after Anthony Ler's death, before meeting up with another client who was on death row, he inquired the prison officer if Ler was smiling while making the final steps of his life to the gallows, to which the prison officer said nothing but only smiled at Subhas.[26][25]

Imprisonment

Z's prison life and two clemency petitions

When they received the news of their son's arrest and involvement in the crime, Z's parents expressed their shock towards it. Z, who was said to be a good and caring boy, which made them not able to understand why he would something so violent. As for Z, he remained in prison for the next 17 years of his life; in prison, after passing his GCE N-levels, Z studied for both his GCE O-levels and A-levels, and he topped both exams in the prison school. He also enrolled in a university, majoring in English and Business studies, for which he earned a degree. He was said to have model behaviour during his period of incarceration and had inspired other inmates to do so. Z also reportedly learnt how to play a guitar and harmonica in prison.

For committing the murder, Z was said to be deeply regretful for what he did. He himself has expressed in his hand-written confession that how much he wished he had never met Anthony Ler, and how he had let his parents and other people he knew around him down.[38] According to Z's mother, she said her son had once told her in a prison visit that he dreamed of the late victim Annie Leong, who asked him why did he kill her. Z was said to have broke down after telling his mother that Leong forgiven him for his act after he told Leong that her husband (Anthony Ler) manipulated him to kill her.[39] In addition, consultant psychiatrist Dr Lim Yun Chin, who counselled Z after his crime, also stated that Z was remorseful for what he had done, and the boy acknowledged that this would be something he will have to struggle with for the rest of his life. Lim had earlier appeared at the original trial to testify on behalf of Z, that the boy's IQ of 93 made him prone to adult manipulation and confirming to the court that Z did not have any abnormality of mind.[18][40][41]

In 2013, Z filed for clemency, but was turned down by President Tony Tan. 4 years later, in November 2017, through his original lawyer Peter Ong Lip Cheng, Z once again appealed for clemency, this time to President Halimah Yacob, garnering widespread media coverage and public attention in Singapore.[42][43] Ong also spoke to reporters on 6 January 2018 about his client, who celebrated his 32nd birthday the week before (possibly 31 December), stating that there were testimonials backing his model behaviour and maturity in prison, and that Z was hopeful to be given a chance to return to society and reunite with his parents.[1]

In April 2018, Z's mother spoke publicly, expressing her hope for a positive outcome from the clemency petition.[39] Two of Z's former fellow detainees, 42 year-old Allan Ong and 42 year-old Kyaneth Soo, also spoke publicly in newspapers, citing examples of their current stable and clean lives and jobs in support of Z to allow him be given a second chance to reintegrate into society. Both Ong and Soo were detained for 13 years and 6 months under the President's Pleasure after their conviction in 1999 for a 1994 gang-related murder, and were released in 2012. They were both neighbours with Z in the prison where they were detained at.[44]

Z's release

Eventually, on 2 November 2018, President Halimah Yacob decided to, on the advice of the Cabinet, grant Z clemency and remitted the remaining part of his sentence. Z was released on the same day he received clemency from the President, more than 17 years after he killed Annie Leong, but his release was only reported in newspapers a month later on 13 December 2018. Z was also told to adhere to special conditions such as curfew hours and electronic monitoring, and he would continue to receive rehabilitative support to ensure his reintegration into society. In addition, a gag order remains in force to protect his identity due to his age at the time of the murder.[45] Z's lawyer Peter Ong told newspapers that he was grateful that the President pardoned Z and gave him a second chance in life, and told reporters that when he finally came home 17 years since his arrest, Z was celebrating his birthday together with his family in the same month when newspapers reported his release.[46]

After Z was released, Muhammad Nasir bin Abdul Aziz was the only prisoner left currently detained at the President's Pleasure, which was abolished after a review of the Criminal Procedure Code of Singapore in 2010. Nasir was 16 years old when he murdered 29 year-old Manap bin Sarlip in 2007, under the manipulation of Manap's wife, 24-year-old Aniza bte Essa, who was involved in an affair with Nasir. Nasir was convicted in 2008 after he pleaded guilty to murder, but due to the age at which he committed the crime, Nasir was not sentenced to death but detained at the President's Pleasure. Aniza, who was also arrested and charged for abetting the murder, was eventually sentenced to 9 years in prison for culpable homicide not amounting to murder (or manslaughter) due to her suffering from depression at the time of the crime, which allowed her to, like Nasir, also escape the death penalty.[1][47][48]

Aftermath

The fates of Annie Leong's family and Z's friends

An article from The Straits Times on 16 December 2018, 3 days after Z's release, reported that Annie Leong's family still reside in the Hougang flat where Leong was murdered. Chin Chooi Ling, Leong's mother (who was in her seventies), said that she did not feel bitter despite the tragedy and memories that manifested in the corridor where her daughter was stabbed. A friend of the family stated that through her Christian faith, Chin moved on with her life while raising her granddaughter Avelyn, who was reportedly an university undergraduate, together with other family members.[49]

Seah Tze Howe, one of Z's friends, said that he himself moved on with his life but could not cope with the case's impact on him (which lasted for five to six years), especially when he was recognised by members of the public as a result of his photos being published online and on newspapers covering the case. It was reported that Tze Howe, then 39 years old, was married and employed as a restaurant owner at that point of time when Z was released.[49]

In popular media

Re-enactments

The case was re-enacted in Crimewatch in 2002.[50] Similarly, the case was re-enacted in the second season of True Files, a Singapore crime show; which was aired as the season's first episode on 26 August 2003. In the episode, Z was renamed as "Steven" by the producers of the show to protect the boy's identity. Z's friends were also featured in the show with their true identities changed and both Ler's lawyer Subhas Anandan and Z's psychiatrist Dr Lim Yun Chin appeared on screen to be interviewed in the episode.[18]

This case was also recorded in Subhas Anandan's memoir The Best I Could,[26] which features the lawyer's early life, career and his notable cases. The memoir was adapted into a TV show of the same name, which runs for two seasons. The case was re-enacted and aired as the first episode of the show's first season. In the re-enactment episode, Z was renamed as Daniel.[25]

Publication

Subhas Anandan, the former lawyer of Anthony Ler, published his first memoir The Best I Could. He wrote Anthony Ler's case as one of the cases he was well-known for. The book was first published in 2009.[26]

In July 2015, Singapore's national daily newspaper The Straits Times (ST) published a e-book titled Guilty As Charged: 25 Crimes That Have Shaken Singapore Since 1965, which included the criminal case of Anthony Ler as one of the top 25 crimes that shocked the nation since its independence in 1965. The book was borne out of collaboration between the Singapore Police Force and ST, with editing done by a ST news associate editor, Abdul Hafiz bin Abdul Samad. The paperback edition of the book was published and first hit the bookshelves in end-June 2017. The paperback edition first entered the ST bestseller list on 8 August 2017.[51][52] Some edited excerpts of the hand-written confession which Z submitted to the police and court were reproduced in the book's chapter of the Anthony Ler incident.[6] The original version of Z's hand-written confession was available in the High Court's judgement of Anthony Ler's murder trial.[53]

See also

• Capital punishment in Singapore
• The President's Pleasure

References

1. "The last 2 detainees serving time at the President's pleasure". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
2. Quek, Elaine (18 December 2001). "When Ler broke down ..." Today Singapore. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
3. "17年前帮人杀妻的少年获特赦了，那起案件堪比恐怖小说". Redants (in Chinese). 13 December 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
4. "Most Daring Crimes Of Singapore - Anthony Ler". YouTube. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
5. "One of the most Daring Crimes Of Singapore: Anthony Ler". YouTube. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
6. "Guilty As Charged: Anthony Ler lured teen into killing his wife". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
7. Ooi Boon, Tan (6 December 2001). "Ler repays his wife's love by killing her". The Straits Times. p. 6. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
8. Kwai Chow, Wong (19 May 2001). "Mummy's girl no more". The Straits Times. p. 8. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
9. "Public Prosecutor v Anthony Ler Wee Teang and Another" (PDF). Supreme Court Judgements. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
10. "Women in ler's life". The Straits Times. 23 November 2001. p. 11. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
11. "He told ex-partner to kill wife". The Straits Times. 23 November 2001. p. 11. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
12. "悬赏杀妻". FaceBook (in Chinese). Retrieved 24 July 2020.
13. "Teen: I was scared, so I played along". The New Paper. 21 November 2001. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
14. "Deadly seventh visit". Today Singapore. 21 November 2001. p. 6. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
15. "LER SAID POLICE WOULD SUSPECT HIM". The New Paper. 21 November 2001. p. 5. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
16. "Shares to kill". Today Singapore. 22 November 2001. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
17. "Man would 'pay his wife's killer by selling joint home'". The Straits Times. 22 November 2001. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
18. "True Files S2". meWATCH. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
19. Quek, Elaine (20 November 2001). "Trial begins". Today Singapore. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
20. "Ler admits having financial problems". Today Singapore. 29 November 2001. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
21. "'I fouled up our marriage'". The New Paper. 17 May 2001. p. 18. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
22. "'Anthony's wife, I do already'". The Straits Times. 22 November 2001. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
23. "Public Prosecutor v Anthony Ler Wee Teang and Another" (PDF). Supreme Court Judgements. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
24. "He looked a typical teen". The New Paper. 20 May 2001. p. 12. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
25. "The Best I Could S1". meWATCH. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
26. Anandan, Subhas (2015). The Best I Could. Marshall Cavendish Editions. ISBN 978-981-4677-81-3.
27. Quek, Elaine (27 November 2001). "Ler: It all started as a joke". Today Singapore. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
28. Quek, Elaine (28 November 2001). "Ler's sketch to 'carry on bluff'". Today Singapore. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
29. "NO angel, BUT A MONSTER". The Straits Times. 30 November 2001. p. 1. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
30. Quek, Elaine (30 November 2001). "What Ler did in lock-up". Today Singapore. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
31. Quek, Elaine (5 December 2001). "Ler's murder trial wraps up". Today Singapore. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
32. "Judge: Boy is not mean, miniature monster". The New Paper. 6 December 2001. p. 9. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
33. Quek, Elaine (6 December 2001). "Ler to hang". Today Singapore. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
34. "Ler used boy to do his dirty work". The Straits Times. 6 December 2001. p. 3. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
35. Quek, Elaine (18 December 2001). "When Ler broke down ..." Today Singapore. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
36. "Anthony Ler loses appeal". Today Singapore. 5 March 2002. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
37. "Ler Wee Teang Anthony v Public Prosecutor" (PDF). Supreme Court Judgements. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
38. "Public Prosecutor v Anthony Ler Wee Teang and Another" (PDF). Supreme Court Judgements. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
39. "A boy who killed for Anthony Ler and a mother's anguish". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
40. "Public Prosecutor v Anthony Ler Wee Teang and Another" (PDF). Supreme Court Judgements. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
41. Quek, Elaine (1 December 2001). "Ler was a role model for boy, says doctor". Today Singapore. p. 4. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
42. "Teen who killed Anthony Ler's wife in 2001 appeals for clemency after 16 years behind bars". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
43. "Anthony Ler's hired teen killer seeks release after 16 years behind bars". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
44. "Challenge is to stay sane amid the uncertainty, say ex-offenders". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
45. "Teen who killed Anthony Ler's wife gets clemency after 17 years in jail". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
46. "'买凶杀妻'少年犯获特赦 在家庆32岁生日". China Press (in Chinese). 13 December 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
47. "The Best I Could S2". meWATCH. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
48. "Crimewatch 2010". meWATCH. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
49. "Case of Anthony Ler: Victim Annie Leong's mum not bitter, says family friend". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
50. "Crimewatch 2002". meWATCH. Retrieved 2020-05-21.
51. "Guilty As Charged: Shocking crimes that have shaken Singapore since 1965". The Straits Times. 14 May 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
52. "Guilty As Charged: 25 crimes that shook Singapore". The Straits Times. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
53. "Public Prosecutor v Anthony Ler Wee Teang and Another" (PDF). Supreme Court Judgements. Retrieved 24 July 2020.

Further reading

• Anandan, Subhas (2009). The Best I Could. Marshall Cavendish. ISBN 978-9812619587.
• Abdul Samad, Abdul Hafiz (2017). Guilty as Charged: 25 Crimes that Have Shaken Singapore Since 1965. Straits Times Press Pte Ltd. ISBN 978-9814642996.