Terror of the Autons

Terror of the Autons is the first serial of the eighth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It was broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 2 to 23 January 1971.

055 – Terror of the Autons
Doctor Who serial
Cast
Others
Production
Directed byBarry Letts (uncredited)
Written byRobert Holmes
Script editorTerrance Dicks
Produced byBarry Letts
Incidental music composerDudley Simpson
Production codeEEE
SeriesSeason 8
Running time4 episodes, 25 minutes each
First broadcast2 January 1971 (1971-01-02)
Last broadcast23 January 1971 (1971-01-23)
Chronology
← Preceded by
Inferno		 Followed by →
The Mind of Evil

The serial is set in various locations in England. In the serial, the alien time traveller the Third Doctor (Jon Pertwee) and the organisation UNIT work to stop the Master (Roger Delgado), a renegade Time Lord, from using a radio telescope to summon an invasion force of the incorporeal intelligence the Nestenes to Earth.

The serial introduced three new characters: the Doctor's new companion, Jo Grant (played by Katy Manning); his archenemy the Master; and Captain Mike Yates (Richard Franklin).

Plot

The Master arrives on Earth and steals the sole surviving Nestene energy unit from the National Space Museum. He then hijacks the Beacon Hill radio telescope, which he uses as a bridgehead to channel energy into the Nestene unit, and kidnaps Professor Phillips, a Ministry of Technology research scientist. Reports of the theft and sabotage bring the Doctor, his new assistant Jo Grant and Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart to investigate. At Beacon Hill the Doctor encounters a fellow Time Lord, who warns him that an "old acquaintance" is on Earth and will certainly try to kill him. The Doctor then identifies and successfully neutralises the boobytrap which the Master has left behind.

Meanwhile, the Master takes over Farrel Autoplastics, a nearby plastics factory, to build Autons. Jo, investigating the factory, is discovered by the Master, who hypnotises her and wipes her memory of their meeting. He sends her back to UNIT with a booby-trap, a box ostensibly containing the stolen energy unit. The Doctor realises she has been hypnotised and disposes of the bomb.

UNIT traces the missing Professor Phillips to Rossini's Circus at Tarminster. The Doctor visits the Circus, where he is captured by Rossini, but freed by Jo, who has followed him there against orders. The Doctor removes something from the Master's TARDIS but is attacked by Rossini and his men. Rescued by two policemen, the Doctor becomes suspicious and unmasks one of the officers as an Auton.

Fleeing from the Autons, the Doctor and Jo hide in a quarry until the Brigadier and Captain Mike Yates arrive. A firefight breaks out between the two soldiers and the Autons, enabling the Doctor's party to escape. Meanwhile, a larger group of Autons, disguised in weird Carnival masks, are touring the country handing out free plastic daffodils to the public. Soon deaths from asphyxiation, shock, and heart failure are being reported all across the country.

The Master, meanwhile, infiltrates UNIT headquarters disguised as a telephone engineer, and installs an extra long telephone flex in the Doctor's laboratory. At the now-empty plastics factory, the Brigadier and the Doctor discover that Farrel, the owner, has chartered a coach. They also find a plastic daffodil, and a lurking killer Auton, proving the connection between the factory and the Master.

In the Doctor's lab, as he tries to decode the Nestenes' instructions imprinted on the cells of the plastic flower, a radio signal from a walkie-talkie accidentally activates it. The daffodil sprays a plastic film over Jo's nose and mouth, nearly suffocating her, until the Doctor dissolves it with a chemical solvent. The Master makes another attempt to kill the Doctor, by calling him on the telephone he installed earlier, and using a sonic signalling device to activate the plastic telephone cable. The extra-length cable attempts to strangle the Doctor, but, thanks to the Brigadier's quick thinking, fails.

The Master then breaks into UNIT HQ. As a bargaining counter, the Doctor reveals that he has possession of the Master's dematerialisation circuit, and threatens to destroy it: but he is foiled by the presence of Jo, who the Master takes as a hostage. The Master takes both Jo and the Doctor to the quarry near the radio telescope, to force the Brigadier to abort a planned RAF airstrike on the Autons sheltering there. But Farrel, struggling to break free of his hypnosis, unexpectedly causes a diversion, and while the Master is busy subduing him the Doctor and Jo escape.

UNIT troops engage the Autons, while the Doctor and the Brigadier pursue the Master into the radio telescope's control cabin. The Doctor convinces the Master that the Nestenes are so utterly different they will not be able to distinguish between him and the humans once they arrive. Together, they use the channel opened for the invasion to force the Nestene energy back into space, causing the Autons to collapse. The Master flees, returning to the coach only to re-emerge, apparently surrendering. When he pulls out a gun, Yates shoots him dead, but the Doctor peels back a facemask on the body to reveal it is the hypnotised Farrel, disguised to look like the Master. The real Master escapes in the coach. However, with his dematerialisation circuit in the Doctor's hands, the Master is now trapped on Earth.

Production

Working titles for this story included The Spray of Death. The Autons were brought back because they had been popular in their first appearance the previous year in Spearhead from Space (1970).[1]

For the new season, producer Barry Letts and script editor Terrance Dicks wanted to add new characters. They thought about how the Brigadier was like Dr. Watson to the Doctor's Sherlock Holmes, and decided to devise a new character, the Master, to emulate Moriarty.[1] The Master was meant to specifically contrast with Pertwee's Doctor; the Doctor was authoritative while the Master was charming, though he used that for an evil purpose.[1] Terror of the Autons also introduced Katy Manning as Jo Grant (as a replacement for departed companion Liz Shaw), and Richard Franklin as Captain Mike Yates.[1]

The scene at the start of Episode Three, where an Auton is hit by a car and tumbles off a cliff, was quite real. Dinny Powell was driving the vehicle in place of actor Richard Franklin, and stuntman Terry Walsh, playing the Auton, fell further down the slope than intended, being injured in the mishap. He nevertheless got back to his feet in the same take, as planned.[2] Letts requested that a sequence near the story's ending, in which Yates yells to the Doctor, "We've got him now!", be reshot because Franklin's performance was too over-the-top. Franklin was grateful for this.[1]

On the first day of filming, Katy Manning injured all the ligaments in her foot when jumping out of a car and running across a quarry. She also formed a fast bond with Barry Letts, as she was fond of the animals used in the serial.[3] Nicholas Courtney was also ill on the first day, so was replaced by a double in those quarry scenes.[1]

Cast notes

Harry Towb, who plays McDermott, had previously appeared in The Seeds of Death (1969).[2]

Michael Wisher, the young Rex Farrel, had also done uncredited voice work on Seeds, and had previously appeared in The Ambassadors of Death (as the TV News anchorman) and, later, Carnival of Monsters (as the machiavellian politician Kalik). He went on to do various Dalek voices (in Planet of the Daleks and Death to the Daleks), and became well known as the first actor to play the evil genius Davros in Genesis of the Daleks. His final appearance was as a member of the crew of the Morestran Probe in Planet of Evil.

Roy Stewart previously appeared as Toberman in The Tomb of the Cybermen (1967).[4]

Although credited on-screen, Bill McGuirk (policeman) does not actually appear; his entire contribution was edited out prior to transmission. He had previously appeared in The Enemy of the World (1968).[5]

Andrew Staines who plays Goodge was a sergeant in The Enemy of the World (1968).

Christopher Burgess who plays Professor Phillips was also in The Enemy of the World (1968) playing the role of Swann.

Broadcast and reception
EpisodeTitleRun timeOriginal air dateUK viewers
(millions) [6]		Archive [7]
1"Episode One"24:362 January 1971 (1971-01-02)7.3PAL D3 colour restoration
2"Episode Two"24:489 January 1971 (1971-01-09)8.0PAL D3 colour restoration
3"Episode Three"23:2816 January 1971 (1971-01-16)8.1PAL D3 colour restoration
4"Episode Four"22:1023 January 1971 (1971-01-23)8.4PAL D3 colour restoration

Certain scenes in the serial, particularly the killer doll and the Auton policemen, caused controversy in the press as being too frightening for children. In an unconnected House of Lords debate about the effect of mass media on the public, the serial was cited as an example of a programme that might be too 'scary' for younger children.[8]

Jon Pertwee would later state that he thought the story "was excellent. One of the best we ever did."[9] Paul Cornell, Martin Day, and Keith Topping simply wrote of the serial in The Discontinuity Guide (1995), "Functional and memorably scary, but by no means an Auton story."[10] In The Television Companion (1998), David J. Howe and Stephen James Walker called it a "strong start" to the season, though they commented that the story was not as effective as Spearhead from Space in "depicting the threat of the Autons." They praised the introduction of the Master, calling him "the most interesting character to have been introduced to the series since the Doctor himself", though they found it improbable that one comment from the Doctor would persuade him to change his plan. Howe and Walker also praised Letts' direction, though they found that the over-use of CSO caused some scenes to "look false and strained".[11] In 2009, Patrick Mulkern of Radio Times compared the serial to a comic strip and wrote positively about Manning and Delgado. However, he noted that there were "plot holes" and "gaudy early '70s production values".[3] Ian Berriman of SFX, reviewing the serial for its 2011 DVD release, also commented that Delgado was "note-perfect from the off" and that while the climax was "feeble", he felt "it's all such outrageous fun that it doesn't really matter".[12] DVD Talk reviewer John Sinnott described Terror of the Autons as "a wonderful romp," although "the ending is rushed and pretty much just pulled out of nowhere". Sinnott particularly praised the Doctor and the Master, as well as the "subtle humor".[13] Den of Geek's James Peatly wrote that Terror of the Autons was "a fantastically entertaining and incredibly confident slice of macabre fun". He was positive toward the family tone, Jo, and the Master but felt that it "lacks some of the narrative cohesion" of Spearhead from Space and "the Autons are reduced to playing the role of foot soldiers to the Master".[14] In 2009, SFX named the cliffhanger to Episode Two, in which the policeman is revealed to be an Auton, as the 20th scariest moment in Doctor Who.[15]

Commercial releases

In print
Doctor Who and the Terror of the Autons
AuthorTerrance Dicks
Cover artistPeter Brookes
SeriesDoctor Who book:
Target novelisations
Release number
63
PublisherTarget Books
Publication date
15 May 1975
ISBN0-426-10639-3

A novelisation of this serial, written by Terrance Dicks, was published by Target Books in May 1975. The cover art by Achilleos depicts what is supposed to be a fully developed Nestene.

The novelisation introduces Jo Grant, although Malcolm Hulke's Colony in Space novelisation (titled Doctor Who and The Doomsday Weapon) had already done so – albeit in contradiction to the television programme. The Master and the Doctor are revealed herein (borrowing from The Making of Doctor Who by Malcolm Hulke and Terrance Dicks, published in 1972) to have names that are mathematical formulae, and the grenade the Master uses is identified (again, contrary to the television programme) as Sontaran.

An unabridged reading of the novelisation by actor Geoffrey Beevers was released on CD on 7 July 2010 by BBC Audiobooks.[16]

Home media

Although the BBC wiped the serial's original 625-line videotapes for reuse, they kept 16mm b/w telerecording film prints. In 1993, these prints were combined with the colour signal from an off-air 525-line NTSC domestic videotape recording, resulting in relatively high-quality colour masters for a VHS release.[17] A short clip from Episode One, depicting the Doctor's first meeting with Jo Grant, still survives in its original 625-line format, on a clip reel prepared for a 1973 edition of the news show Nationwide.[17] The short Nationwide clip is presented on the DVD of The Aztecs, in a featurette discussing the VidFIRE restoration process.

As of 5 August 2008, this serial has been included for sale on iTunes. It was released on DVD in 2011 in a boxset entitled Mannequin Mania with the special edition of Spearhead from Space. The Nationwide clip is incorporated into Episode one; the rest of the serial consists of restored footage. Comparison between the remastered episodes and clips included in the behind-the-scenes material demonstrate that a great deal of restoration work has been carried out on the picture and sound quality.

The story was released on DVD again in 2013, included in a set paired with "The End of Time" (a two-part Tenth Doctor David Tennant story from 2009/10), in "The Monster Collection" series, specifically "The Master" entry.

This story, along side the rest of Season 8 is due to be released on Blu-ray on the 23rd February 2021, to coincide with the 50th Anniversary of The Master. It will feature a new 5.1 sound mix, optional updated special effects, CSO clean up and a brand new restoration of the film prints.[18]

References
  1. Collinson, Phil, Nicholas Courtney, Terrance Dicks, Richard Franklin, Barry Letts, Katy Manning, Jon Pertwee (2011). Life on Earth (DVD). Doctor Who: Terror of the Autons: BBC.
  2. Pixley, Andrew, "The DWM Archive: Terror of the Autons," Doctor Who Magazine, #311, 12 December 2001, Panini Comics, p. 31.
  3. Mulkern, Patrick (14 October 2009). "Doctor Who: Terror of the Autons". Radio Times. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  4. Pixley, Andrew, "DWM Archive: Terror of the Autons," Doctor Who Magazine, #311, 12 December 2001, Panini Comics, p. 30.
  5. Pixley, Andrew, "The DWM Archive: Terror of the Autons [Sidebar: 'Editing: Cut scenes']," Doctor Who Magazine, #311, 12 December 2001, Panini Comics, p. 32.
  6. "Ratings Guide". Doctor Who News. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
  7. Shaun Lyon; et al. (31 March 2007). "Terror of the Autons". Outpost Gallifrey. Archived from the original on 18 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2008.
  8. Baroness Bacon (3 February 1971). "Mass Media Communication". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 314. House of Lords. col. 1244–1245. and I wonder what has happened to "Dr. Who" recently, because many children must have gone to bed and had nightmares after seeing the recent episodes
  9. Pertwee, Jon; Howe, David J. (1996). I am the Doctor:Jon Pertwee's Final Memoir. London: Doctor Who Books, Virgin Publishing Ltd. p. 47. ISBN 1-85227-621-5.
  10. Cornell, Paul; Day, Martin; Topping, Keith (1995). "Terror of the Autons". The Discontinuity Guide. London: Virgin Books. ISBN 0-426-20442-5.
  11. Howe, David J & Walker, Stephen James (1998). Doctor Who: The Television Companion (1st ed.). London: BBC Books. ISBN 978-0-563-40588-7.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. Berriman, Ian (6 May 2011). "Doctor Who: Mannequin Mania – DVD Review". SFX. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  13. Sinnott, John (10 May 2011). "Doctor Who: Terror of the Autons". DVD Talk. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  14. Peaty, James (9 May 2011). "Doctor Who: Mannequin Mania DVD Box Set review". Den of Geek. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
  15. "21 Scariest Doctor Who Moments Ever". SFX. 14 November 2009. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
  16. "Doctor Who and the Terror of the Autons (Classic Novel)". AudioGo. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
  17. Pixley, Andrew, "The DWM Archive: Terror of the Autons," Doctor Who Magazine, #311, 12 December 2001, Panini Comics, p. 34.
  18. https://merchandise.thedoctorwhosite.co.uk/doctor-who-the-collection-season-8-blu-ray/comment-page-3/

Target novelisation
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