Tandwa block

Tandwa is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Simaria subdivision of the Chatra district, Jharkhand state, India.

Tandwa
Community development block
Tandwa
Location in Jharkhand, India
Tandwa
Tandwa (India)
Coordinates: 23.8552°N 85.0309°E / 23.8552; 85.0309
Country India
StateJharkhand
DistrictChatra
CD blockTandwa
Government
 • TypeFederal democracy
Area
 • Total455.21 km2 (175.76 sq mi)
Elevation
447 m (1,467 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total126,119
 • Density280/km2 (720/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialHindi, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
825321 (Tandwa)
Telephone/STD code06551
Vehicle registrationJH 13
Lok Sabha constituencyChatra
Vidhan Sabha constituencySimaria
Websitechatra.nic.in

Overview

Chatra district forms a part of the Upper Hazaribagh Plateau, Lower Hazaribagh Plateau and northern scarp. Located at an elevation of about 450 metres (1,476 ft), the general slope of the district is from north to south. Red laterite acidic soil predominates in an area that is primarily dependent upon rain-fed agriculture. Around 60% of the district is covered with forests. The district has a population density of 275 persons per km2. Around two-thirds of the families in the district live below poverty line.[1] In the extreme south of the district some portions of Tandwa CD Block are part of North Karanpura Coalfield.[2]

Maoist activities

Jharkhand is one of the states affected by Maoist activities. As of 2012, Chatra was one of the 14 highly affected districts in the state. 5 persons were killed in Chatra district in 2012, but Maoist activities, such as arms training camps and organisation of ‘Jan Adalats’ (kangaroo courts) were on the decline.[3]

As of 2016, Chatra was identified as one of the 13 focus areas by the state police to check Maoist activities.[4]

History

Cave paintings

There are interesting pre-historic cave paintings in Saraiya and Thetangi villages in Tandwa CD block.[5]

Geography

Tandwa is located at 23°51′19″N 85°01′51″E. It has an average elevation of 508 metres (1,667 ft).[6]

Tandwa CD block is bounded by Simaria CD block in the north, Keredari CD block, in Hazaribagh district, in the east, Khelari CD block, in Ranchi district, in the south and Balumath CD block, in Latehar district, in the west.[7]

Tandwa CD block has an area of 455.21 km2.[8]Tandwa and Piparwar police stations serve this block.[9] The headquarters of Tandwa CD block is at Tandwa village.[10]

There are 19 panchayats and 96 villages in Tandwa CD block.[1]

Gram panchayats of Tandwa CD block/ panchayat samiti are: Padumpur, Dhangada, Misraul, Nawada alias Teliadih, Kabra, Pokla alias Kasiadih, Koyad, Saradhu, Gadilog, Tandwa, Raham, Bargano, Dahu, Benti, Kalyapur, Bahera, Kichto, Bachara I (North) and Bachara II (South).[1]

Demographics

Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Tandwa CD block had a total population of 126,319, of which 113,350 were rural and 12,969 were urban. There were 65,141 (52%) males and 53,016 (48%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 21,938. Scheduled Castes numbered 30,104 (23.87%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 20,330 (16.12%).[11]

Tandwa village had a population of 6,475 in 2011.[11]

Bachra is a census town in Tandwa CD block with a population of 12,969 in 2011.[11]

Literacy

As of 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Tandwa CD block was 65,367 (62.74% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 39,132 (72.60% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 26,235 (42.89% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 29.71%.[11]

As of 2011 census, literacy in Chatra district was 60.18%.[12] Literacy in Jharkhand (for population over 7 years) was 66.41% in 2011.[13] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[14]

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

Language and religion

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, as of 2001, among the different mother tongues (languages mentioned under 8th Schedule of Constitution of India), Hindi was spoken by 703,337 persons forming 88.87% of the population of Chatra district, followed by Urdu 68,301 persons (8.63%), Oraon 11,115 persons (1.40%) and other languages (with no details) 8,681 (1.10%). The population of the Scheduled Tribes in the district of Chatra during 2011 Census was 45,563 constituting 4.36 percent of the total population of the district.[15]

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.[16]

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Hindus numbered 903,179 and formed 86.60% of the population of Chatra district, followed by Muslims 116,710 (11.19%).[17]

Rural poverty

Total number of BPL households in Tandwa CD block in 2002-2007 was 13,127.[18] According to 2011 census, number of households in Tandwa CD block was 23,319.[19] Rural poverty in Jharkhand declined from 66% in 1993–94 to 46% in 2004–05. In 2011, it has come down to 39.1%.[20]

Economy

Livelihood

Livelihood
in Tandwa CD block

  Cultivators (30.48%)
  Agricultural labourers (40.52%)
  Household industries (2.45%)
  Other Workers (26.35%)

In Tandwa CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 14,256 and formed 30.48%, agricultural labourers numbered 18,949 and formed 40.42%, household industry workers numbered 1,241 and formed 2.65% and other workers numbered 12,323 and formed 26.35%. Total workers numbered 46,769 and formed 37.02% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 79,550 and formed 62.98% of the population.[21]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[22]

Infrastructure

There are 91 inhabited villages in Tandwa CD block. In 2011, 22 villages had power supply. 5 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 90 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 91 villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facility. 9 villages had post offices, 6 villages had sub post offices, 1 village had telephone (land line), 25 villages had mobile phone coverage. All villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 30 villages had bus service (public/ private), 16 villages had autos/ modified autos, 14 villages had taxi/vans and 38 villages had tractors. 5 villages had bank branches, 2 villages had agricultural credit societies. 40 villages had public distribution system, 16 villages had weekly haat (market) and 48 villages had assembly polling stations.[23]

Agriculture

Chatra is a predominanty forest district with 65% of the land area being covered with forests. The balance 35% of the area has both rocky and alluvial soil. Aluvial soil is found mostly near river valleys. Rice is the main crop of the district. Other important crops grown are bazra, maize and pulses (mainly arhar and gramme).[24]

North Karanpura Thermal Power Station

NTPC Limited is constructing the 3 X 660 MW North Karanpura Thermal Power Station at Tandwa at an appraised current (2015) estimated cost of ₹ 14,366.58 crore.[25]

Coal mining

The North Karanpura Coalfield is spread across parts of Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Chatra and Latehar districts of Jharkhand covering an area of 1,230 km2. This coalfield in the upper reaches of the Damodar Valley, has reserves of around 14 billion tonnes of coal, very little of which has been exploited. Karkatta, KD Hesalong, Manki, Churi, Bachara UG, Bachara OC, and Dakara are long established collieries south of the Damodar. North of the Damodar lies comparatively new major mines such as Piparwar Mine and Ashoka Project. 23 mines are planned in the northern sector. Those in an advanced stage of planning are: Dhadu, Purnadih, Magadh, and Amrapali. This happens to be the largest mining sector of Central Coalfields Limited.[26]

See also - Magadh Sanghamitra Area, Amrapali & Chandragupta Area

Backward Regions Grant Fund

Chatra district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund created by the Government of India is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[27][28]

Education

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Tandwa CD block had 27 villages with pre-primary schools, 73 villages with primary schools, 48 villages with middle schools, 5 villages with secondary schools, 3 villages with senior secondary schools, 14 villages with no educational facility.[29]
.*Note: Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand

Vananchal College was established at Tandwa in 1985. It is affiliated with the Vinoba Bhave University.[30]

Healthcare

According to the District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011 census, Tandwa CD block had 6 villages with primary health subcentres, 2 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 3 villages with allopathic hospital, 2 villages with dispensaries, 1 village with family welfare centre, 2 villages with medicine shops.[29]
.*Note: Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included

References
  1. "Chatra - the official website". Blocks, Circles & Panchayats – List of villages under Panchayats. Chatra district authority. Archived from the original on 27 June 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  2. "The North Karanpura Coalfields". Jharkhand. sinclair-environmental. Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  3. "Jharkhand Assessment 2013". Satp. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  4. "13 focus areas identified in Jharkhand to check Maoist activities". Eenadu India, 14 June 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  5. "Chatra". Jharkhand Tourism. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  6. "Tandwa, India Page". Fallingrain Genomics. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  7. "Chatra". CD block/Tehsil Map. Chatra district administration. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  8. "Chatra District Census Handbook," (PDF). Census of India 2011, Page 26. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  9. "District Police Profile – Chatra". Contact Number. Jharkhand Police. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  10. "Administrative Boundary Map, Chatra District, Jharkhand". Chatra district administration. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  11. "2011 Census C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". Jharkhand – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  12. "District Census 2011". Population Census 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  13. "Jharkhand Profile" (PDF). Census Info India 2011 – Final population totals. Census Commissioner, Government of India. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  14. "Literacy in India". Census 2011. Census population 2015 data. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  15. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census" (PDF). page 22: Note on mother tongue of earlier census. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  16. "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  17. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census" (PDF). page 23: Note on religion. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  18. "Departments: Food and Supply". Blockwise Statistics BPL List 2002-2007. Chatra district administration. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  19. "District Census Handbook Chatra, Series 20, Part XII B, 2011 census" (PDF). page 26: District Primary Census Abstract. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  20. "Eliminating poverty" (PDF). Jharkhand government. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
  21. "District Census Handbook 2011 Chatra, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Tables 30 and 33, pages 48 and 51. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  22. "District Census Handbook 2011 Chatra, Series 21 Part XII A" (PDF). Census Concepts, Pages 10-21. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  23. "District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 673-675, Appendix I: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  24. "District Census Handbook, Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 9-10. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  25. "North Karanpura Super Thermal Power Project". Money Control. Retrieved 28 November 2015.
  26. "The North Karanpura Coalfields". Jharkhand. sinclair-environmental. Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  27. "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  28. "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  29. "District Census Handbook Chatra, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 671-673. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  30. "Vananchal College". VC. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
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