Tandil

Tandil is the main city of the homonymous partido (department), located in Argentina, in the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, just north-northwest of Tandilia hills. The city was founded in 1823 and its name originates from the Piedra Movediza ("Moving Stone") which fell in 1912. The city is the birthplace of many notable sports personalities, as well as former president of Argentina Mauricio Macri.

For the village in Iran, see Tandil Rock, Iran. For the genus of spider, see Tandil (spider).
Tandil
City
Panoramic view of the city
Flag
Tandil
Location in Argentina
Coordinates: 37°19′S 59°08′W
Country Argentina
Province Buenos Aires
PartidoTandil
FoundedApril 4, 1823
Area
 • Total52.34 km2 (20.21 sq mi)
Elevation
188 m (617 ft)
Population
 (2010 census)
 • Total116,916
 • Density2,200/km2 (5,800/sq mi)
CPA Base
B 7000
Area code(s)+54 249
WebsiteOfficial website

Geography

Tandil is located 180 metres (590 ft) above sea level and its coordinates are 37°19′08″S 59°08′05″W. The city borders Rauch and Azul (to the north), Ayacucho and Balcarce (to the east), Lobería, Necochea and Benito Juárez (to the south) and Azul and Benito Juárez (to the west).

Tandil is situated approximately midway between La Plata (the provincial capital), 330 km (210 mi) to its NE, and Bahía Blanca, lying the same distance to its SW; it is also 160 kilometres (99 mi) NW of Mar del Plata, and 360 kilometres (220 mi) SSW of Buenos Aires. Tandil is in a zone known as the Humid Pampa.

According to the 2010 census (INDEC), Tandil had a population of 116,916. The total area of the Tandil partido is 4,935 km2 (1,905 sq mi).

Climate

Tandil's climate is mild and humid (classified as Cfb or an oceanic climate under the Köppen climate classification),[1] with an average temperature of 13.8 °C (56.8 °F) and 888.6 millimetres (34.98 in) of precipitation annually. Mornings are often cold in autumn, winter and spring, and generally fresh in the summer. Fog is very common in autumn and winter, when frosts are also common. Minimum temperatures below −5 °C (23 °F) have been recorded in the winter months. Rainfall occurs throughout the year but more frequently in summer. Snow and heat waves are not very common.

The climatological data in the table below is from the period 1981–2010:

Climate data for Tandil, Argentina (1981–2010, extremes 1961–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 39.3
(102.7)		 37.8
(100.0)		 37.2
(99.0)		 32.5
(90.5)		 28.0
(82.4)		 23.3
(73.9)		 25.4
(77.7)		 31.2
(88.2)		 30.0
(86.0)		 31.3
(88.3)		 34.2
(93.6)		 39.9
(103.8)		 39.9
(103.8)
Average high °C (°F) 28.1
(82.6)		 26.8
(80.2)		 24.3
(75.7)		 20.3
(68.5)		 16.4
(61.5)		 13.0
(55.4)		 12.4
(54.3)		 14.7
(58.5)		 16.6
(61.9)		 19.8
(67.6)		 23.0
(73.4)		 26.4
(79.5)		 20.2
(68.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 20.8
(69.4)		 19.7
(67.5)		 17.6
(63.7)		 13.5
(56.3)		 10.0
(50.0)		 7.2
(45.0)		 6.3
(43.3)		 8.1
(46.6)		 10.1
(50.2)		 13.5
(56.3)		 16.4
(61.5)		 19.3
(66.7)		 13.5
(56.3)
Average low °C (°F) 13.6
(56.5)		 13.0
(55.4)		 11.5
(52.7)		 7.6
(45.7)		 4.8
(40.6)		 2.3
(36.1)		 1.4
(34.5)		 2.6
(36.7)		 4.1
(39.4)		 7.2
(45.0)		 9.7
(49.5)		 11.9
(53.4)		 7.5
(45.5)
Record low °C (°F) 1.8
(35.2)		 0.8
(33.4)		 0.0
(32.0)		 −4.6
(23.7)		 −5.8
(21.6)		 −11.0
(12.2)		 −11.6
(11.1)		 −8.5
(16.7)		 −7.1
(19.2)		 −3.9
(25.0)		 −2.8
(27.0)		 −0.3
(31.5)		 −11.6
(11.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 108.5
(4.27)		 90.2
(3.55)		 98.8
(3.89)		 71.3
(2.81)		 59.7
(2.35)		 37.2
(1.46)		 37.6
(1.48)		 45.2
(1.78)		 58.6
(2.31)		 97.7
(3.85)		 94.6
(3.72)		 79.2
(3.12)		 878.6
(34.59)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.7 6.9 8.3 6.7 5.9 5.5 6.1 5.5 6.8 9.2 8.5 7.4 85.5
Average relative humidity (%) 68.3 73.0 76.9 78.1 80.7 81.0 80.7 76.2 74.6 73.5 70.7 66.5 75.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours 263.5 228.8 229.4 195.0 133.3 120.0 130.2 176.7 195.0 223.2 249.0 241.8 2,385.9
Percent possible sunshine 58 60 60 57 41 40 42 52 52 54 58 53 52
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[2][3]
Source 2: UNLP (sun only)[4]

Place name
Piedra Movediza ("Moving Stone"), c. 1890
City Hall
Replica of the Piedra Movediza installed in 2007

It is widely believed that the name of the city comes from the Mapuche words tan ("falling"), and lil ("rock"). It is probably a reference to the Piedra Movediza ("Moving Stone"), a large boulder which stood seemingly miraculously balanced on the edge of a rocky foothill.[5] In order to demonstrate the slight movements of the boulder, it was common practice to place bottles under its base to watch them shatter.[6] The "Moving Stone" toppled on February 29, 1912, and split into two pieces at the bottom of the hill.

In May 2007, a fix replica was set up in the same place where the original stood. The replica, made by engineering students, is actually cemented in place and does not teeter the way the original did.[6]

History

The town was founded by Martín Rodríguez on April 4, 1823, named Fuerte Independencia (Fort Independence). In time the original natives became assimilated and mingled with the increasing European population. The vast majority of immigrants came from Spain and Italy, but also Danish people settled mainly guided by the Danish College of Missions, the latter constituting a very active community. Tandil was designated a city (although by modern standards it was a large town) in 1895 and became a popular tourist destination attracting people from Buenos Aires and other parts of Argentina.

The Piedra Movediza fell in 1912 and split in two below. Although it is impossible after the fact to ascertain the reason it fell, it is very possible that the delicately balanced rock was thrown off balance by the common practice of placing glass bottles under it and watching them explode. This was the way the locals would prove to visitors that the rock, in fact, moved, since the movement was too subtle to be detected by the naked eye. There have been projects to restore the rock, and a replica stone was placed where the original used to be. Other similar stones like El Centinela are also attractions, but none has the truly astonishing quality of teetering ever so slowly like the "moving rock" once did.

National University of Central Buenos Aires Province

The National University of Central Buenos Aires Province (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia Buenos Aires) is a public university located in Tandil. It was founded in 1974 as part of University of Buenos Aires Professor Alberto Taquini's plan to geographically diversify Argentina's National University system.

Established with the unification of a private school and a campus of the National University of the South, with more than 11,000 students, the university includes 10 schools offering 21 undergraduate, 58 graduate, and 19 post-graduate degrees. It maintains secondary campuses in Azul and Olavarría.

Personalities

Arts

Politics
Argentina's president Mauricio Macri was born in Tandil.

Sports
Juan Martín del Potro is a well known sport personality from the city.
  • Plaza Independencia (Independence Square)
  • Lago del Fuerte (Fortress Lake), with its artificial geyser
  • Statue outside Ramón Santamarina hospital
  • Entrance to Independence Park
  • Railway station platform (Roca Railway)
  • The city's rural surroundings
  • Road to the city's old fort
  • Lago del Fuerte in 2014
  • City skyline from Independence Park
  • Centinela rock formation outside of the city

References
  1. Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification" (PDF). Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633–1644. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. ISSN 1027-5606.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1981-2010" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  3. "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por Tandil Aero". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  4. "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
  5. Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 366. ISBN 0-89577-087-3.
  6. noticias.universia.com.ar. "Cómo será la réplica de la movediza de Tandil". Noticias Universia Argentina (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-10-07.
  7. "Maria Cristina Kiehr (Soprano) - Short Biography". bach-cantatas.com. Retrieved 2018-10-07.
  8. Morando, Andrés (3 August 2013). "Referí bombero". Olé (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 October 2016.
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