Takhallus

Takhallus (Urdu: تخلّص‎, Persian: تخلّص‎, Hindi: तख़ल्लुस), is a pen-name adopted widely by Urdu, Hindi and Persian poets.[1]

It is an Arabic word which means, literally, to get liberated or become secure;[2][3] the word has been borrowed in Hindi-Urdu to mean "nom-de-plume" or "pen-name".[4]

Takhallus is often included in the maqta, last sher, of the ghazal.[5][6]

History

While, ghazal originated in Arabia evolving from Qasida, some of the common features of contemporary ghazal, such as including takhallus in maqta, concept of matla etc., did not exist in Arabic ghazal. It was Persian ghazal which added these features.[5]

Common Takhallus

List of Takhallus of some Urdu poets:

List of Takhallus of some Persian poets:

  • "Saadi"
  • "Hafez"
  • "Khamush"n (Rumi)
  • "Ilyas Qadri" (Attar)
  • "Ashfaq Attari" (Fani)

See also

References
  1. Alī, Saiyada Asad (2000). Influence of Islam on Hindi Literature. Idarah-i-Adabiyat-Delli. p. 198.
  2. "Pseudonym, or takhallus, in Urdu: some interesting facts".
  3. A Brief History of Persian Literature, by the Iran Chamber Society.
  4. "तख़ल्लुस". Sufinama. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  5. "The history, art and performance of ghazal in Hindustani sangeet". Daily Times. 2017-12-21. Retrieved 2020-01-18.
  6. Tamīmʹdārī, Aḥmad (2002). The Book of Iran: A History of Persian Literature : Schools, Periods, Styles and Literary Genres. Alhoda UK. p. 169. ISBN 978-964-472-366-7.
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