Sierra Madre Mountains (California)
The Sierra Madre Mountains are a mountain range primarily in northern Santa Barbara County and extending into northwestern Ventura County in Southern California, western United States. It is a range of the Inner South Coast Ranges group, and is the southernmost reach of the California Coast Ranges, which are themselves part of the Pacific Coast Ranges of western North America.
| Sierra Madre | |
|---|---|
 Sierra Madre from Cottonwood Canyon Road, in the Cuyama Valley | |
| Highest point | |
| Peak | Peak Mountain |
| Elevation | 1,783 m (5,850 ft) |
| Geography | |
  location of Sierra Madre in California [1] | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| District | Santa Barbara County |
| Range coordinates | 34°54′7.927″N 119°51′31.495″W |
| Topo map | USGS Peak Mountain |
| Geology | |
| Type of rock | California Coast Ranges |
Geography
The Sierra Madre range trends from northwest to southeast, and is approximately 25 mi (40 km) long. High peaks in the range include MacPherson Peak at 5,747 feet (1,752 m) in elevation, and the highest point in the range, Peak Mountain at 5,843 feet (1,781 m) in elevation. Snow falls on the highest peaks during the winter months.
The range forms the southwestern side of the Cuyama Valley. The La Panza Range is a northern extension of the Sierra Madre, located in eastern San Luis Obispo County.
The Sierra Madre is almost entirely within the Los Padres National Forest, and marks the northern boundary of the San Rafael Wilderness area. The southeastern extent of the range is about 25 mi (40 km) north of the city of Santa Barbara, and the northwestern extent of the range is about 50 mi (80 km) north by northwest of the city.
To the southeast, the range merges with the San Rafael Mountains of the Transverse Ranges System, in a complex topography of unnamed ranges. The adjacent highest point of the San Rafael Mountains, and in all Santa Barbara County, is Big Pine Mountain (6,820 ft (2,079 m)).
Natural history
The predominant vegetation type on the mountains is chaparral, with oak woodlands that occur in microclimates, both of the California interior chaparral and woodlands sub-ecoregion. The higher elevations support California mixed evergreen forest and small areas of coniferous forest habitats.
The mountains are one of the most important undeveloped habitat areas of the endangered California condor.
Geologically, the mountains are almost entirely composed of sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age. Most of the rocks are Eocene marine sandstones and other sediments, and one region in the eastern portion of the range is made up of middle and early Miocene sediments. The mountain range is delineated on the south by the Nacimiento Fault, and on the north, by the South Cuyama and Ozena Faults. The Sierra Madre rises abruptly just south of the Cuyama Valley, which defines the northern boundary of Santa Barbara County.
The mountain range is almost entirely uninhabited, except for portions of the lower slopes to the north, which have been developed for oil and gas production at the South Cuyama Oil Field. One difficult, single-lane dirt road follows the mountain crest; it often is closed after storms, and is normally only passable by four-wheel-drive vehicles or motorcycles.
See also
- California chaparral and woodlands — ecoregion.
- Flora of the California chaparral and woodlands
References
- "Sierra Madre". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-05-03.