Siege of Dyrrhachium (1107–1108)

The Siege of Dyrrhachium took place from November 1107 until September 1108, as the Italo-Normans under Bohemond I of Antioch besieged the Adriatic port city of Dyrrhachium, held for the Byzantine Empire by its doux Alexios Komnenos, a nephew of the reigning Byzantine emperor, Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118). The siege is described at length in the Alexiad of Anna Komnene, daughter of Emperor Alexios. Emperor Alexios, who had been heavily defeated while trying to relieve a previous Norman siege of the same city in 1081, now allowed the siege to wear on and avoided a pitched battle, while dispatching detachments of his army to occupy the passes in the Normans' rear, thus preventing them from foraging. As the siege continued, with the defenders using Greek fire to burn down the Norman siege engines, famine and disease spread in the Norman camp. Finally, Bohemond sought term. The resulting negotiations led to the Treaty of Devol, whereby Bohemond and the Principality of Antioch became Byzantine vassals.

Siege of Dyrrhachium
Part of the Byzantine–Norman wars
Location
Dyrrhachium and environs
Result Successful resistance of Dyrrhachium, failure of the Norman invasion; Treaty of Devol
Belligerents
Byzantine Empire Italo-Norman Kingdom of Sicily
Commanders and leaders
Alexios I Komnenos
Alexios Komnenos, doux of Dyrrhachium		 Bohemond I of Antioch

References

    Sources
    • Birkenmeier, John W. (2002). The Development of the Komnenian Army: 1081–1180. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-11710-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
    • Dawes, Elizabeth A., ed. (1928). The Alexiad. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
    • Theotokis, Georgios (2014). The Norman Campaigns in the Balkans: 1081-1108. Woodrigde, Suffolk: The Boydell Press. pp. 200ff. ISBN 978-1-84383-921-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

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