Severn Tunnel Junction railway station

Severn Tunnel Junction railway station (Welsh: Cyffordd Twnnel Hafren) is a minor station on the western side of the Severn Tunnel in the village of Rogiet, Monmouthshire, Wales. It is 123.5 miles (198.8 km) from London Paddington and lies at the junction of the South Wales Main Line from London and the Gloucester to Newport Line.

Severn Tunnel Junction Welsh: Cyffordd Twnnel Hafren
Severn Tunnel Junction station in July 2019
Location	Rogiet, Monmouthshire Wales
Coordinates	51.5842°N 2.7771°W
Grid reference	ST462875
Managed by	Transport for Wales
Platforms	4
Other information
Station code	STJ
Classification	DfT category E
History
Original company	Great Western Railway
Pre-grouping	Great Western Railway
Post-grouping	Great Western Railway
Key dates
1 December 1886	Station opened
Passengers
2015/16	0.249 million
2016/17	0.254 million
2017/18	0.267 million
2018/19	0.229 million
2019/20	0.244 million
Interchange	37,215
Notes
Passenger statistics from the Office of Rail and Road

The next station to the west is Newport. The next stations to the east are at Pilning in South Gloucestershire (through the Severn Tunnel) and nearby Caldicot (on the Gloucester line).

History

Severn Tunnel Junction Up (Eastbound) main line in 1961

Severn Tunnel Junction station in April 2009, before the restoration of a fourth line and platform in January 2010

The South Wales Main Line was opened through the village of Rogiet in 1850. At this time Rogiet was little more than a church and a farm, and the expansion of the village did not begin until after the opening of the station in 1886.

During construction of the Severn Tunnel, several maps were printed that labelled the new junction as Rogiet Station,[1][2][3] although the station was always named Severn Tunnel Junction from the time that it opened to the public on 1 December 1886.[1][4][5]

The junction system consisted of a five-platform station (four through, and an up facing bay), a railway depot, and a major marshalling yard. The purpose of the yard was to sort coal coming from the South Wales Coalfield to the London and the Midlands; while in reverse, it sorted goods from the rest of the UK to South Wales.

The goods yard was bombed during World War II, due to the large goods yard facility.[6] From 1924 to 1966 Severn Tunnel Junction was the terminus of a car transport service through the tunnel to Pilning. The service was made redundant by the opening of the Severn Bridge in 1966.[7]

As a result of reduced coal and industrial production from the mid-1980s from South Wales, and increases in fixed goods formations, Severn Tunnel Junction goods yard and locomotive depot were closed from 12 October 1987 with residual marshalling moving to Newport railway station.[8]

From 2010, Network Rail remodelled the track layout, which in conjunction with resignalling work was due to be completed by 2014.[9] The plan provided improved operational flexibility, reduce maintenance costs and re-instated a fourth through platform. SEWTA invested in improved passenger facilities at the station. The new track layout came into operation on 4 January 2010, with the South Wales Main Line now using platforms 3 and 4, and Gloucester to Newport Line platforms 1 and 2. There are no rail connections between the platforms east of the station as high-speed 70 miles per hour (110 km/h) crossovers have been provided to the west.

Electrification

As with other parts of the South Wales Main Line, the road bridge and footbridge were replaced, with additional clearance above the overhead lines, and with raised and solid parapets to the bridges to prevent vandalism of the equipment. Class 800/802 stock now operates through the station, although no electric services are scheduled to stop here.

Services

The station is served by two main routes - Transport for Wales' Cheltenham Spa to Cardiff Central and Maesteg via Chepstow local service and Great Western Railway's Cardiff to Taunton via Bristol line. Both run hourly on weekdays & Saturdays, albeit with some two-hour gaps on the Chepstow line. In the weekday peaks, certain Cardiff to Portsmouth Harbour also stop here, whilst there is a daily train to Fishguard Harbour. CrossCountry also provides very limited services to/from Manchester Piccadilly via Bristol and to Nottingham via Gloucester and Birmingham New Street.

On Sundays, the Bristol to Cardiff service is once again hourly (and runs to/from Portsmouth) whist the Cheltenham service is two-hourly.[10]

Severn Tunnel Junction
Gloucester–Newport line to Chepstow to Sudbrook tunnel pumps to Caerwent Training Area South Wales Main Line to Bristol via Severn Tunnel Caldicot Severn Tunnel Junction South Wales Main Line to Newport

Gloucester–Newport line
Cross Country Route Gloucester River Severn Ledbury and Gloucester Railway Oakle Street Grange Court Hereford, Ross & Gloucester Rly Westbury-on-Severn Halt Newnham Ruddle Road Halt Forest of Dean Railway Awre for Blakeney Forest of Dean Central Railway Gatcombe Severn Railway Bridge Severn Bridge Sharpness branch line Lydney Junction │ Lydney Lydney Harbour Branch Dean Forest Railway (Severn and Wye Railway) Woolaston Wye Valley Railway Tutshill for Beachley Halt Chepstow East Chepstow Railway Bridge over River Wye England Wales Chepstow M48 motorway across Severn Bridge Bristol & South Wales Union Rly Portskewett (1863–1964) ("Portskewett Junction" 1863–1886) Portskewett (1850–1863) South Wales Main Line via Severn Tunnel Sudbrook Tunnel Pumps Caerwent Training Area Caldicot Severn Tunnel Junction M4 motorway Undy Halt Magor Llanwern steelworks Llanwern Uskmouth Power Station Welsh Marches line River Usk Monmouthshire Railway Newport South Wales Main Line

Marshalling yard

Severn Tunnel Junction Marshalling Yard

Location
Location	Rogiet, Monmouthshire
Coordinates	51.58511°N 2.768056°W
OS grid	ST468876
Characteristics
Owner(s)	British Rail
Depot code(s)	ST (1973 - 1987)[11]
Type	Diesel
History
Closed	1987[12]
Former depot code(s)	86E (1 February 1950 - 5 May 1973)

Severn Tunnel Junction Yard was a major marshalling yard for the Great Western Railway in South Wales and the largest on the railway. It was built initially to support domestic coal traffic from the South Wales coalfield to either the Midlands, via the Gloucester line, or else to the Royal Navy dockyards of the south coast, through the tunnel. In later years the yard expanded as a freight classification yard and hump shunting was added. A wagon repair workshop was also built alongside. During the early modernisation era of British Railways in the 1950s the yard expanded. In the 1970s under British Rail though, rail freight moved from wagon load freight, requiring marshalling, to containerisation. As the yard had poor road access, container facilities for the area were built at Newport instead and the yard began to decline in importance. Coal was also worked by block trains directly from the colliery to the power station and no longer required marshalling. The yard closed completely in the mid-1980s. This is often explained as being due to the Miners' Strike and the closure of deep coal in South Wales, but in fact the decline in small-unit freight was much more important.

In its heyday, the engine shed employed large numbers of railwaymen, which in turn encouraged the growth of the adjoining village of Rogiet. The first estate houses in Rogiet were owned by the railway and were only rented to railwaymen.

Engine sheds

Severn Tunnel Junction Locomotive Depot in 1951

To support the marshalling yard, the junction and the need for banking engines on the tunnel line, a large engine shed developed near the station, towards Caldicot. This closed in the mid-1960s with the withdrawal of steam traction. A far smaller diesel traction maintenance depot replaced it, now only needing to support far fewer locos. This was on the other side of the station, towards Undy. The depot codes were 86E and ST. The main engine shed was located to the north east of the railway station, while the goods yards were to the west.

From 1955 to 1974, Class 08 shunters, British Rail Class 14 and 37 locomotives could be seen at the depot.[13]

The steam sheds, their turntable, coaling stage and water tower were demolished in the 1960s. The land remains empty and derelict although it was used as a storage depot for new cars during the 1970s, and more recently as a works yard during the electrification of the South Wales main line.

The goods yards were located on both sides of the running lines, one for each direction, and used hump shunting to sort individual wagons into trains.

See also

• List of all UK railway stations
• Severn Tunnel rail accident, 1991

References

1. Walker (1888), pp. 16–17 (railway map).
2. The Severn Tunnel Archived 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
3. The Severn Tunnel
4. Walker (1888), p. 155.
5. Hodge, South Wales Main Line, 2, p. 35.
6. BBC - WW2 People's War - Dennis Harper's Story
7. Nock, O.S. (1967). History of the Great Western Railway. Volume III. p. 42.
8. Railways in Gloucester and Churchdown - after 1845
9. "Network Rail - Wales Route Utilisation Strategy Draft for Consultation" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2008.
10. Table 57 & 132 National Rail timetable, May 2016
11. "The all-time guide to UK Shed and Depot Codes" (PDF). TheRailwayCentre.com. 5 May 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
12. "Railways in Gloucester and Churchdown. The Years After 1845". Gloucester Transport History. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
13. "Locomotive Depots: Severn Tunnel Junction (Allocation)". BRDatabase. Retrieved 11 January 2017.

• Hodge, John (2002). The South Wales Main Line. Part Two: Severn Tunnel to Newport. Wild Swan Publications. ISBN 1-874103-76-3.
• Rhodes, Michael (1988). "4: South Wales: Severn Tunnel Junction". British Marshalling Yards. Oxford Publishing. pp. 65–78. ISBN 0-86093-367-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Walker, Thomas A. (2004) [1888]. The Severn Tunnel. Stroud: Nonsuch Publishing. ISBN 1-84588-000-5.

External links

• Train times for Severn Tunnel Junction from National Rail
• Map and aerial photos of Severn Tunnel Junction
• Historic pictures of Severn Tunnel Junction