Scytonema
Scytonema is a genus of photosynthetic cyanobacteria that contains over 100 species. It grows in filaments that form dark mats. Many species are aquatic and are either free-floating or grow attached to a submerged substrate, while others species grow on terrestrial rocks, wood, soil, or plants. Scytonema is a nitrogen fixer, and can provide fixed nitrogen to the leaves of plants on which it is growing.[1] Some species of Scytonema form a symbiotic relationship with fungi to produce a lichen.
Scyptolin A
| Scytonema | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Heterocyst of Scytonema crispum | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Cyanobacteria |
| Class: | Cyanophyceae |
| Order: | Nostocales |
| Family: | Scytonemataceae |
| Genus: | Scytonema C.Agardh ex É.Bornet & C.Flahault, 1886 |
| Type species | |
| Scytonema hofmanii | |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
Scyptolins are a type of elastase inhibitors isolated from some species of Scytonema.[2]
Species
Scytonema includes the following subtaxa:[3]
- Scytonema amplum West & G.S.West
- Scytonema andradeana P.González
- Scytonema arcangelii Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema arcangelii f. minus Frémy
- Scytonema austinii H.C.Wood
- Scytonema azureum Tilden
- Scytonema badium Wolle
- Scytonema belizensis Komarék et al.
- Scytonema bewsii F.E.Fritsch & F.Rich
- Scytonema bilaspurense Singh
- Scytonema bivaginata H.Welsh
- Scytonema bohneri Schmidle
- Scytonema bruneum Schmidle
- Scytonema burmanicum Skuja
- Scytonema calcicola Kufferath
- Scytonema caldarium Setchell
- Scytonema caldarium var. terrestre Copeland
- Scytonema calothrichoides Kützing
- Scytonema capitatum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema carolinianum Philson
- Scytonema catenatum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema catenulum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema chengii Wang 1934
- Scytonema chiastum f. minor Parukutty
- Scytonema chiastum Geitler
- Scytonema chlorophaeum f. tenuis G.Martens
- Scytonema chorae C.L.Sant'Anna & J.Komárek
- Scytonema cineraceum C.L.Zhou & H.X.Xiao
- Scytonema claviformis Y.Li
- Scytonema coactile Montagne ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema coactile var. brasilense Nordstedt
- Scytonema coactile var. minus Wille
- Scytonema coactile var. thermalis Geitler
- Scytonema conardii Kufferath
- Scytonema conchophilum Humphrey
- Scytonema concinnum Y.M.Lin & H.X.Xiao
- Scytonema consociatum C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema contortum M.Watanabe & Komárek
- Scytonema cookei West
- Scytonema costaricensis Kufferath
- Scytonema crassum var. indicum S.Silva
- Scytonema crispum Bornet ex De Toni
- Scytonema cuatrecasasii P.González
- Scytonema dilatatum Bharadwaja
- Scytonema dilatatum f. major Bharadwaja
- Scytonema drilosiphon Elenkin & V.I.Polyansky
- Scytonema dubium De Wildeman
- Scytonema echeverriae Kufferath
- Scytonema endolithicum Ercegovic
- Scytonema evanescens N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema fertilia M.Watanabe & Komárek
- Scytonema figuratum C.Agardh ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema flavoviride Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema flexuosum Meneghini ex Kützing
- Scytonema foliicola De Wildeman
- Scytonema foliicola var. maius N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema fremyi Desikachary
- Scytonema fritschii S.L.Ghose
- Scytonema furcatum Meneghini ex Trevisan
- Scytonema geitleri Bharadwaja
- Scytonema geitleri var. tenuis Bharadwaja
- Scytonema gomontii Gutwinski
- Scytonema granulatum G.Martens
- Scytonema guyanense Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema guyanense var. minus N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema guyanense var. prolifera Bharadwaja
- Scytonema hamelinii Gebelein
- Scytonema hansgirgii Schmidle
- Scytonema hieronymi Schmidle
- Scytonema hofmanii C.Agardh ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema holstii Hieronymous
- Scytonema hormocystum Zhu, 1987
- Scytonema hyalinum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema immersum H.C.Wood
- Scytonema inaequale Kufferath
- Scytonema incrassatum C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema induratum J.J.Copeland
- Scytonema insigne West & G.S.West
- Scytonema insulare C.L.Sant'Anna
- Scytonema intermedium De Wildeman
- Scytonema intertextum Rabenhorst
- Scytonema involvens var. elongatum Bourrelly
- Scytonema iyengarii Bharadwaja
- Scytonema javanicum Bornet ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema javanicum var. distortum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema javanicum var. hawaiiense Lemmermann
- Scytonema javanicum var. pallidum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema julianum Meneghini ex B.A.Whitton
- Scytonema junipericola Farlow
- Scytonema keiense Weber-van Bosse
- Scytonema kwangsiense C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema leprieurii Montagne ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema leptobasis Ghose
- Scytonema longiarticulatum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema lyngbyoides N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema maculiforme Schmidle
- Scytonema magnum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema malaviyanense Bharadwaja
- Scytonema masonianum H.Welsh
- Scytonema millei Bornet ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema millei var. maius N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema minus (Schmidle) Lemmermann
- Scytonema minus var. istvanffianum Kol
- Scytonema mirabile Bornet
- Scytonema mirabile f. minus Bharadwaja
- Scytonema mirabile f. zonatum Geitler
- Scytonema mirabile var. majus N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema mirabile var. rhaeticum Brügge
- Scytonema multiramosum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema multiramosum var. ceylonicum Bharadwaja
- Scytonema myochrous C.Agardh ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema myochrous var. decumbens (Kützing) Rabenhorst
- Scytonema obscurum Hansgirg ex Hirn
- Scytonema obscurum var. terrestre Hansgirg
- Scytonema occidentale Setchell
- Scytonema ocellatum Lyngbye ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema ocellatum var. capitatum Ghose
- Scytonema ocellatum var. constrictum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema ocellatum var. maius N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema ocellatum var. purpureum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema olivaceum Zeller
- Scytonema orientale C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema papillicapitatum C.L.Sant'Anna & J.Komárek
- Scytonema papuasicum Borzì
- Scytonema parlatorii Fiorini-Mazzanti ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema parvulum Zeller
- Scytonema pascheri Bharadwaja
- Scytonema pellucidum C.Cramer
- Scytonema planum Copeland
- Scytonema polycystum Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema polymorphum Jaag
- Scytonema praegnans Skuja
- Scytonema pratii Komárek
- Scytonema pseudoguyanense Bharadwaja
- Scytonema pseudohofmanii Bharadwaja
- Scytonema pseudopunctatum Skuja
- Scytonema pulchellum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema pulvinatum Nordstedt
- Scytonema punctatum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema racovitzae De Wildeman
- Scytonema rhizophorae Zeller
- Scytonema rivulare Borzì ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema saleyeriense var. indica Bharadwaja
- Scytonema saleyeriense Weber-van Bosse
- Scytonema samoense Wille
- Scytonema sanpaulense Sant'Anna
- Scytonema santannae Hentschke & J.Komárek
- Scytonema schmidlei J.B.De Toni
- Scytonema schmidtii Gomont
- Scytonema seagriefianum Welsh
- Scytonema siculum Borzì ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema simmeri Schmidle
- Scytonema simplex Bharadwaja
- Scytonema simplex f. majus Vasishta
- Scytonema simplice Wood
- Scytonema sinense C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema singhii Singh
- Scytonema spirulinoides N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema splendens F.E.Fritsch & F.Rich
- Scytonema stuposum Bornet ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema stygium Heufler
- Scytonema subclavatum Zeller
- Scytonema subcoactile C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema subcoactile var. aurantiacum Sarthou, Thérézien & Couté
- Scytonema subgelatinosum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema subtile K.Möbius
- Scytonema tenellum N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema tenue N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema thermale Friedrich Traugott KützingKützing
- Scytonema tolypothrichoides Friedrich Traugott KützingKützing ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema tolypotrichoides f. terrestris Bharadwaja
- Scytonema tomentosum Kützing
- Scytonema torulosum C.-C.Jao
- Scytonema turicense var. muscicola Hepp
- Scytonema twymanianum Welsh
- Scytonema variabile N.L.Gardner
- Scytonema varium Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault
- Scytonema vieillardii G.Martens
- Scytonema violascens Zeller
- Scytonema wolleanum Forti
- Scytonema zellerianum Brühl & Biswas
References
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-06-19. Retrieved 2010-03-09.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Matern, Ute; Schleberger, Christian; Jelakovic, Stjepan; Weckesser, Jürgen; Schulz, Georg E. (Oct 2003). "Binding structure of elastase inhibitor scyptolin A". Chemistry & Biology. 10 (10): 997–1001. doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2003.10.001. ISSN 1074-5521. PMID 14583266.
- M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2018. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=Rc504974e8d4a0331 ; searched on 17 August 2018.
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