Saxon Mill, Droylsden

Saxon Mill, Droylsden was a cotton spinning mill in Droylsden, Tameside, Greater Manchester, England.[2] It was built in the 1907, taken over by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in the 1930s and passed to Courtaulds in 1964. Production finished in 1967, and the mill was demolished in 1995.

Saxon Mill
The mill before 1951
Location in Greater Manchester
Cotton
Spinning (ring mill)
LocationDroylsden, Tameside, Greater Manchester, England
Serving canalHollinwood Branch Canal
Serving railwayLancashire and Yorkshire Railway
OwnerSaxon Mill Co. Ltd
Further ownership
Coordinates53.4853°N 2.1443°W / 53.4853; -2.1443
Construction
Completed1906
Employees250
Demolished1995
Power
Date1907
Engine makerDaniel Adamson,
George Saxon
Engine typecross compound
Valve GearCorliss valves
Cylinder diameter and throw27"HP, 56"LP X 5ft stroke
rpm65 ½ rpm
Installed horse power (ihp)1500hp
Flywheel diameter24ft
Transmission typerope
No. of ropes36
Boiler configuration
BoilersTwin Lancashire, coal fired
Pressure160psi
Ring Frames path82,000 (1920)
References
[1]

Location

Droylsden is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, in Greater Manchester, England. It is 4.1 miles (6.6 km) to the east of Manchester city centre, and 2.2 miles (3.5 km) west-southwest of Ashton-under-Lyne. Historically a part of Lancashire, Droylsden grew as a mill town around the cotton mills established in the mid-19th century, and the Ashton and Peak Forest canals. Saxon Mill was built on Medlock Street, adjacent to the Hollinwood Branch Canal in 1906.[3]

History

Saxon mill was built in 1906, for the Saxon Mill Co. Ltd, a company formed by the Ashton Syndicate who were responsible for Minerva Mill, Ashton-under-Lyne etc. In 1908 it had 80,000 spindles which rose to 82,000 in 1920, when it was recapitalised.[4] The industry had peaked in 1912 when it produced 8 billion yards of cloth. The Great War of 1914–18 had halted the supply of raw cotton, and the British government encouraged its colonies to build mills to spin and weave cotton. The war over, Lancashire never regained its markets. The independent mills were struggling. The Bank of England set up the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in 1929 to attempt to rationalise and save the industry.[5] Saxon Mill, Droylsden was one of 104 mills bought by the LCC, and one of the 53 mills that survived through to 1950. It was switched to rayon production. In 1953 it employed 250 people.[4] It was the last mill in the country to produce cop weft.[6] Saxon Mill was closed by Courtaulds in 1967.[7]

Architecture

This was a large four-storey building on a low basement, 18 bays long and 14 bays wide, built of Accrington brick with some yellow sandstone detailing. The shallow buttresses between the windows were embellished at third-floor level. It had a flat roof, tanked to collect water to supplement the water tower. The top three floors were used for spinning frames, the ground floor for preparation machines, and the basement to condition the cotton. The mill was constructed as a grid of cast iron I-beams. The transverse beams were supported on cast iron columns, supporting the longitudinal beams that in turn supported shallow brick vaults. They ran the entire length of the mill, making a fireproof ceiling and floor.[8]

Power

It was driven by a 1500 hp cross compound engine by Daniel Adamson built in 1907. It had a 24-foot flywheel with 36 ropes, which operated at 65 ½ rpm. New Cylinders by George Saxon, were fitted in 1915. Its cylinders, 27"HP, 56"LP, had a 5-foot stroke. It was steamed at 160psi. Corliss valves were used on both cylinders. It had a Whitehead governor. The air pump was driven from the LP tail rod, which had a single support guide.[9] Steam was provided by two Lancashire boilers 9.2 metres by 2.4 metres in diameter. Water was preheated by an economiser.[10] The engine was scrapped in 1967.

Usage

Owners
  • Saxon Mill Co Ltd
  • Lancashire Cotton Corporation (1930s–1964)
  • Courtaulds (1964–
  • Priory Furniture Ltd

Notable events/media

In the mid-1920s the flywheel became detached from its bearings and rolled at great speed out of the engine house and across the road, demolishing two houses as it went.

See also

References
  1. LCC 1951
  2. "Droylsden - A Brief History by Bill McDonald". www.civilwarsoldiers.com. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  3. UMAU 1995, p. 1
  4. UMAU 1995, p. 2
  5. Dunkerley 2009
  6. catgate
  7. The Times, 7 July 1967
  8. UMAU 1995, p. 3
  9. Roberts 1921
  10. UMAU 1995, p. 4

Bibliography
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