Samuel C. Pomeroy

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy (January 3, 1816 – August 27, 1891) was a United States senator from Kansas in the mid-19th century. He served in the United States Senate during the American Civil War.[1] Pomeroy also served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. A Republican, he also was the mayor of Atchison, Kansas, from 1858 to 1859,[1] the second president of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, and the first president to oversee any of the railroad's construction and operations. Pomeroy succeeded Cyrus K. Holliday as president of the railroad on January 13, 1864.[2]

Samuel C. Pomeroy
United States Senator from Kansas
In office April 4, 1861 – March 3, 1873
Preceded by	None (statehood)
Succeeded by	John J. Ingalls
Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
In office 1852–1853
Personal details
Born	Samuel Clarke Pomeroy January 3, 1816 Southampton, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	August 27, 1891 (aged 75) Whitinsville, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Lucy Gaylord (m. April 23, 1846-1863 her death), Martha Stanwood Mann Whiting (m. September 20, 1866-1891)
Education	Amherst College
Profession	Politician, Teacher, Railroad President

Career

Early life

Samuel C. Pomeroy was born on January 3, 1816 at Southampton, Massachusetts. He attended Amherst College.[3] Pomeroy opposed the politics of slavery, and in 1854 he became an affiliate of the New England Emigrant Aid Company. That fall, he led a group of settlers to Kansas to help found the city of Lawrence.[3][4]

1860s

On April 4, 1861, the Kansas legislature elected Pomeroy (along with James Lane) to be one of Kansas's first federal senators.[3][5] In 1863, during the Civil War, Pomeroy escorted Frederick Douglass to the War Department building to meet War Secretary Edwin Stanton. Afterwards, Douglass attended a meeting with President Abraham Lincoln.[6]

In 1864, Pomeroy was the chair of a committee supporting Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase for the Republican nomination for President of the United States over the incumbent, Abraham Lincoln.[7] Pomeroy also spoke in support of Chase's candidacy in the Senate.[8] The Pomeroy committee issued a confidential circular to leading Republicans in February 1864 attacking Lincoln, which had the unintended effect of galvanizing support for Lincoln and seriously damaging Chase's prospects.[7]

1870s

On December 18, 1871, at the urging of Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden and after learning of the findings of the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871, Pomeroy introduced the Act of Dedication bill into the Senate that ultimately led to the creation of Yellowstone National Park.[9]

1880s

During the 1880 presidential election Pomeroy was John W. Phelps' running mate on the revived Anti-Masonic Party.

Bribery charges

During the Kansas senatorial election of 1873, it was alleged that Senator Pomeroy paid $7,000 to Mr. Alexander M. York, a Kansas state senator, to secure his vote for reelection to the Senate by the Kansas State Legislature.[10] York publicly disclosed the alleged bribe was an attempt to pin a bribery charge against the senator.[11] Pomeroy ultimately lost the election to John J. Ingalls. State Senator York was also one of the brothers of Dr. William York, one of the murder victims of the Bloody Benders Family.

Pomeroy took to the Senate floor on February 10, 1873 to deny the allegations as a "conspiracy ... for the purpose of accomplishing my defeat,"[10] and urged the creation of a special committee to investigate the allegations.[10] The payment of the $7,000 was never disputed by witnesses, but instead of being a bribe it was described to the committee as a payment meant to be passed along to a second individual as seed money to start a national bank.[12] The Special Committee on the Kansas Senatorial Election issued its report on March 3, 1873, which determined there was insufficient evidence to sustain the bribery charge, and instead was part of a "concerted plot" to defeat Senator Pomeroy.[12] Senator Allen G. Thurman of Ohio disagreed with the special committee's findings, stating his belief in Pomeroy's guilt and calling attempts to explain the payment as something other than a bribe as "so improbable, especially in view of the circumstances attending the senatorial election, that reliance cannot be placed upon them."[12] However, Thurman chose not to pursue the matter further, as March 3 coincided with Senator Pomeroy's last day in office.[12] This whole matter was alluded to in detail in the satire The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today by Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner, in which the prominent character Senator Dillworth is based on Pomeroy.[13]

References

1. "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-Present". Retrieved July 5, 2005.
2. Waters, Lawrence Leslie (1950). Steel Trails to Santa Fe. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas.
3. Blackmar, Frank, ed. (1912). "Pomeroy, Samuel Clark". Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, etc. Chicago, IL: Standard Publishing Company. pp. 485–86. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
4. Cordley, Richard (1895). A History of Lawrence, Kansas: From the Earliest Settlement to the Close of the Rebellion. Lawrence, KS: Lawrence Journal Press. p. 6-7.
5. "Lane, James Henry, (1814 – 1866)". Biographical Dictionary of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-08-16. Retrieved 2017-08-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
7. Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2005). Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln. Simon & Schuster, New York. pp. 605–07.
8. Congressional Globe. 38th Cong., 1st sess. 10 March 1864. 1025-27.
9. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden and the Founding of the Yellowstone National Park. Washington, D.C: United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey, U.S. Government Printing Office. 1973.
10. Senate Journal. 42nd Cong., 3rd sess. 1214–1215.
11. Baker, Richard A. (2006), 200 Notable Days: Senate Stories 1787-2002, U.S. Government Printing Office, p. 106
12. Senate Journal. 42nd Cong., 3rd sess. 3 March 1873. 2161.
13. "Afterword" by Greg Camfield to the Oxford University Press edition of The Gilded Age, p.15.