SPHK2

Sphingosine kinase 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPHK2 gene.[5]

SPHK2
Identifiers
Aliases	SPHK2, SK 2, SK-2, SPK 2, SPK-2, sphingosine kinase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 607092 MGI: 1861380 HomoloGene: 32456 GeneCards: SPHK2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.33 Start 48,619,291 bp[1] End 48,630,717 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 B3 Start 45,709,467 bp[2] End 45,718,002 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activity • transferase activity • nucleotide binding • Ras GTPase binding • kinase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • ATP binding • D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity • sphinganine kinase activity • NAD+ kinase activity • nucleosomal histone binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • lysosome • membrane • lysosomal membrane • cytosol • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle • nucleosome • cell nucleus • mitochondrion • mitochondrial inner membrane • endoplasmic reticulum Biological process • phosphorylation • sphinganine-1-phosphate biosynthetic process • female pregnancy • sphingosine metabolic process • sphingosine biosynthetic process • negative regulation of apoptotic process • sphingolipid biosynthetic process • brain development • blood vessel development • positive regulation of cell proliferation • cellular proliferation • lipid phosphorylation • sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathway • metabolism • cytokine secretion involved in immune response • negative regulation of cell growth • negative regulation of histone deacetylation • positive regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response • positive regulation of apoptotic process • regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling • positive regulation of mast cell degranulation • histone H2A-K5 acetylation • histone H2B-K12 acetylation • positive regulation of gene expression, epigenetic • positive regulation of protein kinase C signaling • positive regulation of calcium ion import • negative regulation of histone deacetylase activity • regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process • cellular response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate • regulation of cytochrome-c oxidase activity • tumor necrosis factor secretion • positive regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process • positive regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation • regulation of ATP biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	56848	56632
Ensembl	ENSG00000063176	ENSMUSG00000057342
UniProt	Q9NRA0	Q9JIA7
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001204158 NM_001204159 NM_001204160 NM_001243876 NM_020126	NM_001172561 NM_020011 NM_203280
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001191087 NP_001191088 NP_001191089 NP_001230805 NP_064511	NP_001166032 NP_064395 NP_975009
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 48.62 – 48.63 Mb	Chr 7: 45.71 – 45.72 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes one of two sphingosine kinase isozymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine into sphingosine 1-phosphate. Sphingosine 1-phosphate mediates many cellular processes including migration, proliferation and apoptosis, and also plays a role in several types of cancer by promoting angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The encoded protein may play a role in breast cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011].[5]

Inhibitors

• Opaganib

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000063176 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000057342 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: Sphingosine kinase 2". Retrieved 2011-12-22.

Further reading

• Liu H, Sugiura M, Nava VE, Edsall LC, Kono K, Poulton S, Milstien S, Kohama T, Spiegel S (June 2000). "Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a novel mammalian sphingosine kinase type 2 isoform". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (26): 19513–20. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002759200. PMID 10751414.
• Xia P, Wang L, Moretti PA, Albanese N, Chai F, Pitson SM, D'Andrea RJ, Gamble JR, Vadas MA (March 2002). "Sphingosine kinase interacts with TRAF2 and dissects tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (10): 7996–8003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111423200. PMID 11777919.
• Shu X, Wu W, Mosteller RD, Broek D (November 2002). "Sphingosine kinase mediates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced activation of ras and mitogen-activated protein kinases". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (22): 7758–68. doi:10.1128/mcb.22.22.7758-7768.2002. PMC 134718. PMID 12391145.
• Paugh SW, Payne SG, Barbour SE, Milstien S, Spiegel S (November 2003). "The immunosuppressant FTY720 is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase type 2". FEBS Letters. 554 (1–2): 189–93. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01168-2. PMID 14596938. S2CID 41465940.
• Hait NC, Sarkar S, Le Stunff H, Mikami A, Maceyka M, Milstien S, Spiegel S (August 2005). "Role of sphingosine kinase 2 in cell migration toward epidermal growth factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (33): 29462–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M502922200. PMID 15951439.
• Okada T, Ding G, Sonoda H, Kajimoto T, Haga Y, Khosrowbeygi A, Gao S, Miwa N, Jahangeer S, Nakamura S (October 2005). "Involvement of N-terminal-extended form of sphingosine kinase 2 in serum-dependent regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (43): 36318–25. doi:10.1074/jbc.M504507200. PMID 16103110.
• Olivera A, Urtz N, Mizugishi K, Yamashita Y, Gilfillan AM, Furumoto Y, Gu H, Proia RL, Baumruker T, Rivera J (February 2006). "IgE-dependent activation of sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 and secretion of sphingosine 1-phosphate requires Fyn kinase and contributes to mast cell responses". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (5): 2515–25. doi:10.1074/jbc.M508931200. PMID 16316995.
• Sun J, Yan G, Ren A, You B, Liao JK (September 2006). "FHL2/SLIM3 decreases cardiomyocyte survival by inhibitory interaction with sphingosine kinase-1". Circulation Research. 99 (5): 468–76. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000239410.65551.b3. PMC 2614439. PMID 16888242.
• Hait NC, Bellamy A, Milstien S, Kordula T, Spiegel S (April 2007). "Sphingosine kinase type 2 activation by ERK-mediated phosphorylation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 282 (16): 12058–65. doi:10.1074/jbc.M609559200. PMID 17311928.
• Ding G, Sonoda H, Yu H, Kajimoto T, Goparaju SK, Jahangeer S, Okada T, Nakamura S (September 2007). "Protein kinase D-mediated phosphorylation and nuclear export of sphingosine kinase 2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 282 (37): 27493–502. doi:10.1074/jbc.M701641200. PMID 17635916.