Rhus chinensis

Rhus chinensis, the Chinese sumac,[1] or nutgall tree, is a plant species in the genus Rhus.

Chinese sumac
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Anacardiaceae
Genus: Rhus
Species:
R. chinensis
Binomial name
Rhus chinensis
Synonyms

Rhus javanica auct.
Rhus semialata Murray

Galls produced on the species that are called Chinese gall, Galla Chinensis, or Wu Bei Zi (五倍子) in Chinese, are a source of gallotannins,[2][3] molecules of hydrolyzable tannins. Infestation of the tree by Chinese sumac aphids (Melaphis chinensis Bell) may lead to production of a gall that is valued as a commercial product in China.

Chinese galls are used in traditional Chinese medicine for coughs, diarrhea, night sweats, dysentery, and intestinal and uterine bleeding.[4] Some research has suggested that chemical compounds found in Rhus chinensis possess in vitro antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal, and antioxidant activities.[5] However, it is important to note that this evidence is not substantiated by multiple international researchers. The aqueous extracts of the gall also inhibit alpha-glucosidase activity in vitro.[6]

  • foliage
  • flowers
  • fruits
  • sapling

References
  1. "Rhus chinensis". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  2. Tian, Fang; Li, Bo; Ji, Baoping; Zhang, Guizhi; Luo, Yangchao (2009). "Identification and structure–activity relationship of gallotannins separated from Galla chinensis". LWT - Food Science and Technology. 42 (7): 1289. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2009.03.004.
  3. Tian, Fang; Li, Bo; Ji, Baoping; Yang, Jinhua; Zhang, Guizhi; Chen, Yang; Luo, Yangchao (2009). "Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of consecutive extracts from Galla chinensis:The polarity affects the bioactivities". Food Chemistry. 113: 173–179. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.062.
  4. "Aphid", Henry G. Stroyan, McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, 8th Edition, 1997, ISBN 0-07-911504-7
  5. Djakpo, O; Yao, W (2010). "Rhus chinensis and Galla Chinensis--folklore to modern evidence: Review". Phytotherapy Research. 24 (12): 1739–47. doi:10.1002/ptr.3215. PMC 7167973. PMID 20564459.
  6. Shim, Y. J; Doo, H. K; Ahn, S. Y; Kim, Y. S; Seong, J. K; Park, I. S; Min, B. H (2003). "Inhibitory effect of aqueous extract from the gall of Rhus chinensis on alpha-glucosidase activity and postprandial blood glucose". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 85 (2–3): 283–7. doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00370-7. PMID 12639753.
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