Rhinophrynidae

The Rhinophrynidae are a family of frogs containing one extant genus, the monotypic Rhinophrynus,[1][2][3][4] and a number of fossil genera.[3][5] The family is sometimes known as the Mexican burrowing toads[1] or simply burrowing toads.[2]

Rhinophrynidae
Temporal range: Late Jurassic to present, 155.7–0 Ma
Juvenile Rhinophrynus dorsalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Clade: Pipoidea
Family: Rhinophrynidae
Günther, 1859
Type genus
Rhinophrynus
Duméril and Bibron, 1841
Burrowing Toad (Rhinophrynus dorsalis), Municipality of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico (8 October 2007).

Rhinophrynus occurs in the Central America north from Costa Rica to Mexico and Texas.[1] Fossil finds of Rhinophrynidae come from Mexico, the United States, and Canada.[5] Rhinophrynus is a burrowing ant and termite eater.[2][4]

Systematics

The Rhinophrynidae are the sister taxon of the Pipidae.[1] The clade formed by these two genera is sometimes referred to as Xenoanura[4] or superfamily Pipoidea.[6]

Genera

Extant genera:[1][2][3]

Fossil genera:[3][5]

The affinity of Eorhinophrynus is uncertain.[3]

References
  1. Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Rhinophrynidae Günther, 1859". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  2. "Rhinophrynidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2016. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  3. Blackburn, D.C.; Wake, D.B. (2011). "Class Amphibia Gray, 1825. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 39–55. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.8.
  4. Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 476.
  5. "Family Rhinophrynidae (burrowing toad)". Paleobiology Database. Fossilworks. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  6. Ford, Linda S.; Cannatella, David C. (1993). "The major clades of frogs". Herpetological Monographs. 7: 94–117. doi:10.2307/1466954. JSTOR 1466954.
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