Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu on a Tandem

Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu on a Tandem is a painting by Ramon Casas in exhibition at the National Art Museum of Catalonia in Barcelona.

Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu on a Tandem
ArtistRamon Casas i Carbó
Year1897 (1897)
MediumOil on canvas
LocationMuseu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya, Barcelona

Description

Casas painted Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu on a Tandem in 1897 specifically for the interior of Els Quatre Gats, a bar that was at the center of the Modernisme art movement in Barcelona.[1] It depicts Casas and Pere Romeu, one of the promoters of Els Quatre Gats, on a tandem bicycle against the Barcelona skyline. Casas is seen in profile with his pipe, while Romeu looks directly at the viewer.[2] Although painted on canvas, the composition has the graphic quality of a huge poster with its bold drawing and simplified forms, reflecting the fact that the artist was a skilled poster designer and illustrator.[3]

The original inscription on the right side of the painting, which was later cut off, read "to ride a bicycle, you can't go with your back straight."[1] The message described the attitude of the bar founders (two of whom are depicted here), that in order to make progress, you must break with tradition, as was done at Els Quatre Gats. In 1901, this painting was replaced with another large composition by Casas, entitled Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu in an Automobile, in which the tandem bicycle has given way to a car, symbolizing the new century.[1] When reproductions of the two paintings appeared in the magazine Pel & Ploma, they were referred to as The End of the 19th Century and The Beginning of the 20th Century, respectively.[4]

Ramon Casas
Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu in an Automobile, 1901
Main article: Ramon Casas

Ramon Casas i Carbó was a Catalan artist. Living through a turbulent time in the history of his native Barcelona, he was known as a portraitist, sketching and painting the intellectual, economic, and political elite of Barcelona, Paris, and beyond; he was also known for his paintings of crowd scenes ranging from the audience at a bullfight to the assembly for an execution to rioters in the Barcelona streets. His posters and postcards helped define the Modernisme art movement.

Els Quatre Gats
Main article: Els Quatre Gats

The emerging Modernisme art movement gained a center with the opening of Els Quatre Gats, a bar modeled on the Parisian café Le Chat Noir, whose founder, Rodolphe Salis, had recently died. “Four Cats” is a colloquial Catalan expression for “only a few people” and the name of Els Quatre Gats is derived from this saying.[5] Casas largely financed the bar on the ground floor of Casa Martí, a building by Architect Josep Puig i Cadafalch on Montsió Street near the center of Barcelona; it opened on June 12, 1897 and closed in 1903 (and was later reconstructed in 1978). His partners in the enterprise were Pere Romeu, as well as Santiago Rusiñol and Miquel Utrillo. The bar organized tertulias and revolving art exhibits, including the first -man shows by Pablo Picasso; Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu on a Tandem was the most prominent piece in its permanent collection.[6]

Modernisme
Main article: Modernisme

Modernisme (Catalan for "art nouveau") was a cultural movement associated with the search for Catalan national identity. It is often understood as an equivalent to a number of fin-de-siècle art movements, such as Art Nouveau, Jugendstil, Secessionism, and Liberty style, and was active from roughly 1888 (the First International Exhibition of Barcelona) to 1911 (the death of Joan Maragall, the most important Modernista poet). The Modernisme movement was centered on the city of Barcelona, and is best known for its architectural expression, especially the work of Antoni Gaudí, but was also significant in sculpture, poetry, theater, and painting.

Exhibition history
Year Museum or gallery City Title Reference
1897-1900Els Quatre GatsBarcelona
1958Palau de la VirreinaBarcelonaRamon Casas
1969Casón del Buen RetiroMadridEl Modernismo en España
1970Barcelona Museum of Contemporary ArtBarcelonaEl Modernismo en España
1978Princeton University Art MuseumPrincetonEls Quatre Gats. Art in Barcelona around 1900[7]
1978Smithsonian InstitutionWashington, D.C.Els Quatre Gats. Art in Barcelona around 1900[7]
1979Palazzo Medici RiccardiFlorencePicasso e dintorni. I Quattro Gatti. Il Modernismo catalano
1980Palacio de VelázquezMadridCien años de cultura catalana 1880–1980
1981–1982Saló del TinellBarcelonaPicasso i Barcelona 1881–1981
1982Museum of Modern Art, MadridMadridPicasso i Barcelona 1881–1981
1982Museu PicassoBarcelonaPicasso i Barcelona 1881–1981
1982Palau de la VirreinaBarcelonaExposicion Ramon Casas
1983Barcelona Museum of Modern ArtBarcelonaEls Autoretrats del Museu d'Art Modern
1984Musée des Beaux-Arts de BordeauxBordeaux50 ans d'art espagnol 1880–1936
1985–1986Hayward GalleryLondonHomage to Barcelona. The city and its art 1888–1936[8]
1987Palau de la VirreinaBarcelonaHomage to Barcelona. The city and its art 1888–1936[8]
1987The Prefectural Museum of Modern ArtKobeHomage to Barcelona. The city and its art 1888–1936[8]
1987The Museum of Modern Art, KamakuraKamakuraHomage to Barcelona. The city and its art 1888–1936[8]
1987Museum of Fine Arts, GifuGifuHomage to Barcelona. The city and its art 1888–1936[8]
1990–1991Barcelona Museum of Modern ArtBarcelonaEl Modernisme
1992Palau RobertBarcelonaArt i esport a Catalunya
1995–1996Museu PicassoBarcelonaPicasso i els 4 Gats. La clau de la modernitat
2001National Art Museum of CataloniaBarcelonaRamon Casas. El pintor del moderinsme[9]
2001Mapfre Vida Cultural FoundationMadridRamon Casas. El pintor del moderinsme[9]
2001Galeries Nationales du Grand PalaisParisParis Barcelone de Gaudi a Miró
2002Museu PicassoBarcelonaParis Barcelona 1888–1937
2006–2007Cleveland Museum of ArtClevelandBarcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudi, Miró, and Dalí[10]
2007Metropolitan Museum of ArtNew YorkBarcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudi, Miró, and Dalí[10]

Notes
  1. McCully (1978), p. 64.
  2. Robinson et al, p. 81.
  3. Ramon Casas and Pere Romeu on a Tandem and In an Automobile on the National Art Museum of Catalonia's YouTube channel
  4. Robinson et al., p. 82.
  5. McCully (1978), p. 16.
  6. Robinson et al., p. 81.
  7. McCully (1978)
  8. McCully (1986)
  9. Doñate and Mendoza (2001)
  10. Robinson et al. (2007)

References
  • Doñate, Mercè; Mendoza, Cristina: Ramon Casas. El pintor del modernisme. MNAC. 2001. ISBN 84-8043-077-X (in Catalan)
  • McCully, M. (1978) Els Quatre Gats: Art in Barcelona around 1900. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
  • Robinson, W., Falgas, J., & Lord, C.B. (2007) Barcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudi, Miró, Dalí. Cleveland Museum of Art in Association with Yale University Press, New Haven and London.

Further reading
  • Garcia, J.M. (1996) From Gaudi to Tàpies: Catalan Masters of the 20th Century. Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Cultura.
  • Lord, C.B. (1995) Point and Counterpoint: Ramon Casas in Paris and Barcelona 1866-1909. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
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