Ram (album)

Ram is a studio album by Paul McCartney and his wife Linda McCartney, released in May 1971 by Apple Records. It was recorded in New York with guitarists David Spinozza and Hugh McCracken, and future Wings drummer Denny Seiwell. Three singles were issued from the album: "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" (Paul McCartney's first number 1 hit in America as a solo artist), "The Back Seat of My Car" and "Eat at Home". The recording sessions also yielded the non-album single "Another Day".

For the Daft Punk album, see Random Access Memories.

Ram
Studio album by
Paul and Linda McCartney
Released17 May 1971
Recorded16 October 1970 – 1 March 1971
Studio
GenreIndie pop,[1][2][3] psychedelia[4]
Length43:15
LabelApple
ProducerPaul McCartney, Linda McCartney
Paul McCartney chronology
McCartney
(1970)		 Ram
(1971)		 Wild Life
(1971)
Linda McCartney chronology
Ram
(1971)		 Wide Prairie
(1998)
Singles from Ram
  1. "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey"
    Released: 2 August 1971 (US)
  2. "The Back Seat of My Car"
    Released: 13 August 1971 (UK)
  3. "Eat at Home"
    Released: 2 September 1971 (Europe only; except UK)

The album's release coincided with a period of bitter acrimony between McCartney and his former Beatles bandmates, and followed his legal action in the United Kingdom's High Court to dissolve the Beatles partnership. John Lennon perceived verbal slights in the lyrics to songs such as "Too Many People". Although McCartney felt that he had addressed the criticisms he received with his 1970 solo debut, McCartney, Ram elicited a similarly unfavourable reaction from music journalists. It nonetheless topped the national albums charts in the UK, the Netherlands and Canada. It has subsequently been recognised as an early indie pop album.

In 1971, McCartney produced Thrillington, an instrumental interpretation of Ram that was released in 1977 under the pseudonym "Percy 'Thrills' Thrillington". In 2012, an expanded edition of Ram was reissued with over two dozen bonus tracks as part of the Paul McCartney Archive Collection. In 2020, Ram was ranked number 450 on Rolling Stone's list of the greatest albums of all time.[5]

Background

Paul McCartney and his family flew to New York City in October 1970 to begin working on the follow-up to McCartney.[6] While the previous album had featured him playing every instrument, for Ram, McCartney decided to hold auditions for musicians,[7] some of whom were brought in under the guise of conducting a session to record a commercial jingle.[8][9] Auditions were held in an attic on 45th Street for three days,[10] where David Spinozza was tapped for guitar duties,[7] after being asked by Linda, before auditions moved to a basement,[10] where Denny Seiwell was recruited on drums.[nb 1][7] McCartney later claimed to have found Seiwell "lying on a mattress one day in The Bronx".[11] Midway through these sessions, Spinozza was replaced by Hugh McCracken when Spinozza became unavailable.[7]

Songs and production

The basic tracks for the album were taped at Columbia's Studio B from 12 October to 20 November 1970[12] before the McCartneys returned to their Scottish farm for the Christmas holidays.[13] Work continued at Studio B and A&R Recording Studios, New York,[14] from the second week of January 1971 through to February.[9] Playing guitar or piano and singing at the same time, Paul chose to overdub his bass later on.[7] Although it was a collaborative project, Linda's vocal duties were mostly limited to singing harmonies[7] and backing Paul, who sang almost all of the lead parts. Linda sang co-lead on "Long Haired Lady".[nb 2] Linda's eldest daughter, Heather, sang backing vocals on "Monkberry Moon Delight".[10]

Back cover of the Ram album

According to Peter Brown, the Beatles' former business associate, John Lennon believed that several of the songs on Ram contained personal jibes directed at himself and Yoko Ono, among them "Dear Boy" and, particularly, "Too Many People".[16][17] McCartney later conceded that some of the lyrics of "Too Many People" had been "a little dig at John and Yoko", with "preaching practices" and "you took your lucky break and broke it in two" being direct references to Lennon.[18][nb 3] Brown also described the picture of two beetles copulating on the back cover as symbolic of how McCartney felt the other Beatles were treating him.[16][17] George Harrison and Ringo Starr were said to interpret the track "3 Legs" as an attack on them and Lennon.[11] According to McCartney, "Dear Boy" was directed at Linda's ex-husband, and not Lennon.[19]

"Ram On", from the album's first side, was reprised on the second side,[nb 4] before the album's final track, "The Back Seat of My Car".[nb 5][19] The New York Philharmonic was brought in by McCartney to play on "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey", "Long Haired Lady" and "The Back Seat of My Car",[7][10] as well as the McCartneys' forthcoming, non-album single "Another Day".[21] "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" is in a similar vein to the Abbey Road medley, as the song consisted of several unfinished songs combined into one.[22][23] Music videos were made for "3 Legs" and "Heart of the Country", from footage that was filmed on 2 January 1971, and edited together five months later, by Ray Benson.[nb 6]

The album was mixed at Sound Recorders in Los Angeles.[7] By early 1971, the project was completed, along with "Another Day" and its B-side, "Oh Woman, Oh Why".[24] The sessions also produced songs such as [25] "Little Woman Love", as well as tracks featured on Wings' 1973 album Red Rose Speedway: "Get on the Right Thing", "Little Lamb Dragonfly"[nb 7][26] and "Big Barn Bed".[24] "I Lie Around", issued as the B-side to Wings' 1973 single "Live and Let Die", was taped during these sessions.[27] Also recorded was the first incarnation of "Seaside Woman".[10] McCartney also recorded "Hey Diddle", "A Love for You", "Great Cock and Seagull Race", "Now Hear This Song of Mine", "Rode All Night", "Sunshine Sometimes" and "When the Wind Is Blowing".[28]

Release

"Another Day" / "Oh Woman, Oh Why" was released that February and became a worldwide Top 5 hit.[29] In May, Ram was unveiled,[7] on 17th in the US and on the 21st in the UK.[10] "The Back Seat of My Car" was excerpted as a UK single[nb 8] that August, only reaching number 39,[30] but the US release[nb 9] of the ambitious "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" proved much more successful, giving McCartney his first number 1 single since leaving the Beatles.[22][29][31] The album reached number 1 in the UK and number 2 in the US,[32][33] where it spent over five months in the Top 10 and went platinum. Despite the phasing-out of monaural albums by the late 1960s, Ram was pressed in mono with unique mixes that differ from the common stereo version. These were only made available to radio stations and are among the most valuable and sought-after of Paul McCartney's solo records.[9][34] The album has sold over 2 million copies.[14]

In July, Northern Songs and Maclen Music sued Paul and Linda McCartney for violating an exclusive rights agreement by collaborating on "Another Day".[35] Although six of the eleven songs on Ram were also co-written with Linda, both parties agreed the issue of royalties for the album could be decided at a later date.[36] In June 1972, Associated Television (ATV), which then owned Northern Songs, announced that "all differences between them have been amicably settled" and the McCartneys signed a new seven-year co-publishing contract between ATV and McCartney Music.[37]

Critical reception

Upon its release, Ram was poorly received by music critics. McCartney was particularly hurt by the harsh reviews − especially as he had attempted to address the points raised in criticism of his earlier album, McCartney, by adopting a more professional approach this time around.[38] In his review for Rolling Stone, Jon Landau called Ram "incredibly inconsequential" and "monumentally irrelevant", and criticised its lack of intensity and energy. He added that it exposes McCartney as having "benefited immensely from collaboration" with the Beatles, particularly John Lennon, who "held the reins in on McCartney's cutsie-pie [sic], florid attempts at pure rock muzak" and kept him from "going off the deep end that leads to an album as emotionally vacuous as Ram".[39] Playboy accused McCartney of "substituting facility for any real substance", and compared it to "watching someone juggle five guitars: It's fairly impressive, but you keep wondering why he bothers."[40] Robert Christgau, writing in The Village Voice, called it "a bad record, a classic form/content mismatch", and felt that McCartney succumbed to "conspicuous consumption" by overworking himself and obscenely producing a style of music meant to be soft and whimsical.[41] Writing four years later, Roy Carr and Tony Tyler from NME suggested that "it would be naive to have expected the McCartneys to produce anything other than a mediocre record ... Grisly though this was, McCartney was to sink lower before rescuing his credibility late in 1973."[42]

His fellow ex-Beatles, all of whom were riding high in critical favour with their recent releases, were likewise vocal in their negativity.[43] Lennon hated the album, dismissing his former songwriting partner's efforts as "muzak to my ears" in his song "How Do You Sleep?" Starr told the UK's Melody Maker: "I feel sad about Paul's albums ... I don't think there's one [good] tune on the last one, Ram ... he seems to be going strange."[44] In addition to conducting a war of words in the British music press,[11] "Crippled Inside", another track on Lennon's Imagine album, was also thought to be directed at McCartney.[11][25] Early editions of Imagine included a postcard of Lennon pulling the ears of a pig in a parody of Ram's cover photograph of McCartney holding a ram by the horns.[25][17][45]

Retrospect
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[1]
American Songwriter[46]
Blender[47]
Christgau's Record GuideC+[48]
Mojo[49]
MusicHound Rock3.5/5[50]
Pitchfork9.2/10[51]
Q[52]
Rolling Stone[4]
Uncut8/10[53]

The 2012 reissue of Ram received an aggregate score of 86 out of 100 from Metacritic, based on twelve reviews – a score that the website defines as indicating "universal acclaim".[54] Reviewing this issue, Mojo said that "today it sounds quintessentially McCartney".[49] AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote: "in retrospect it looks like nothing so much as the first indie pop album, a record that celebrates small pleasures with big melodies".[1] Pitchfork's Jayson Greene similarly felt McCartney was "inventing an approach to pop music that would eventually become someone else's indie pop," and called Ram "a domestic-bliss album, one of the weirdest, earthiest, and most honest ever made".[51] Simon Vozick-Levinson of Rolling Stone dubbed it a "daffy masterpiece" and "a grand psychedelic ramble full of divine melodies and orchestral frippery".[4]

David Quantick of Uncut felt that, although it is not as "legendary" as publicised, the album is "occasionally brilliant and historically fascinating" as "post-Beatles mish-mash".[53] Steven Hyden, writing for The A.V. Club, said that the "lightweight" style that was originally panned by critics is "actually (when heard with sympathetic ears) a big part of what makes it so appealing".[55] However, Q magazine still found Ram to be "frustratingly uneven".[52] In a retrospective review, Robert Christgau panned McCartney's songs as pretentious "crotchets ... so lightweight they float away even as Paulie layers them down with caprices".[48]

Reissues

In 1977, McCartney supervised the release of an instrumental interpretation of Ram (recorded in June 1971 and arranged by Richard Hewson) with the release of Thrillington under the pseudonym of Percy "Thrills" Thrillington.[56] Thrillington was later released as part of the 2012 super-deluxe release of Ram.[57]

Ram, along with McCartney's Wings over America and Tug of War albums, was issued in the US on compact disc on 18 January 1988.[nb 10][58] In 1993, the album was remastered and reissued on CD as part of The Paul McCartney Collection series with "Another Day" and "Oh Woman, Oh Why" as bonus tracks.[nb 11][21] That same year Digital Compact Classics released an audiophile edition prepared by Steve Hoffman.[nb 12]

On 21 May 2012 (in the UK) and 22 May (in the US), the album was reissued by McCartney's current label, Hear Music as part of the Paul McCartney Archive Collection.[57][59] This reissue included the mono mix, which had never been issued previously on compact disc, except by bootleggers.[9] The mono version was also released commercially in 2012, albeit as a limited edition LP.[nb 13][57] The 2012 reissue was accompanied by the Record Store Day exclusive edition of "Another Day" single.[60]

Tributes

In 2009, two tribute albums featuring all of the songs from the album were put together:

  • Ram On L.A was compiled by the website Aquarium Drunkard and released as a digital download, featuring Los Angeles-based acts.[61][62]
  • Tom: A Best Show on WFMU Tribute to Ram was put together by WFMU DJ Tom Scharpling for the New Jersey radio station's annual fundraising marathon as a CD made available exclusively to those who donated to his show. Artists included Aimee Mann, Death Cab for Cutie and Ted Leo, among others.[63]

In 2012, Danish rock singer/songwriter Tim Christensen, American singer/songwriters Mike Viola and Tracy Bonham, and Christensen's solo band The Damn Crystals did a one-off tribute show, performing Ram in full length along with other post-Beatles songs,[64] at Vega in Copenhagen, in celebration of McCartney's 70th birthday.[65] Vega's large concert hall, with a capacity of 1,500, was sold out.[66] The concert was met with very positive reviews. In 2013 the concert was released as the DVD/CD and DVD/2-LP album Pure McCartney. In 2013, the collective held further performances playing McCartney songs.

Track listing
Side one
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Too Many People"Paul McCartney4:10
2."3 Legs"Paul McCartney2:44
3."Ram On"Paul McCartney2:26
4."Dear Boy"Paul & Linda McCartney2:12
5."Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey"Paul & Linda McCartney4:49
6."Smile Away"Paul McCartney3:51
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Heart of the Country"Paul & Linda McCartney2:21
2."Monkberry Moon Delight"Paul & Linda McCartney5:21
3."Eat at Home"Paul & Linda McCartney3:18
4."Long Haired Lady"Paul & Linda McCartney5:54
5."Ram On (Reprise)"Paul McCartney0:52
6."The Back Seat of My Car"Paul McCartney4:26
Bonus tracks
1993 The Paul McCartney Collection bonus tracks
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Another Day"Paul & Linda McCartney3:41
2."Oh Woman, Oh Why"Paul McCartney4:36

2012 remaster

Ram was reissued in several packages:[57]

  • Standard Edition[nb 14] 1-CD; the original 12-track album
  • Standard Edition digital download; the original 12-track album
  • Special Edition[nb 15][nb 16] 2-CD; the original 12-track album on the first disc, plus 8 bonus tracks on a second disc
  • Deluxe Edition Box Set[nb 17][nb 18] 4-CD/1-DVD; the original 12-track album, the bonus tracks disc, the original album in mono, Thrillington, DVD of films (including the documentary 'Ramming' narrated by Paul and directed by Ben Ib, as well as the original music videos for "Heart of the Country" and "3 Legs"), 112-page book, 5 prints, 8 facsimiles of lyric sheets, photograph book, and download link to all of the material
  • Remastered vinyl[nb 19] 2-LP version of the Special Edition and a download link to the material
  • Remastered mono vinyl[nb 20] limited edition LP of the mono mixes
  • Remastered (Record Store Day 2012 exclusive) vinyl single of "Another Day" and "Oh Woman, Oh Why"[67]

Personnel

Charts

Weekly charts

References

Footnotes

  1. Seiwell would later become the drummer of the McCartneys' new band, Wings.[7]
  2. This composition is made up of two songs: "Long Haired Lady" and "Love Is Long", making it the longest track on the album.[15]
  3. In the original version of the line "You took your lucky break and broke it in two", "You" was "Yoko".[17]
  4. Near the end of the reprise version of "Ram On" McCartney sings lyrics from Wings' "Big Barn Bed".[19]
  5. An early version of "The Back Seat of My Car" was premiered during the Beatles' Get Back/Let It Be sessions in January 1969.[20]
  6. Both videos had an airing on the 24 June 1971 edition of the BBC TV show Top of the Pops, while the "3 Legs" video had an extra airing, albeit a 20-second clip on VH-1's One to One on 3 May 1993.[10]
  7. Spinozza played lead guitar on "Get on the Right Thing", while McCracken played it on "Little Lamb Dragonfly".[26]
  8. UK Apple R 5914
  9. US Apple 1837
  10. US Capitol CDP 7 46612 2
  11. Europe Parlophone CDPMCOL 2/0777 7 89139 2 4
  12. US DCC Compact Classics GZS-1037
  13. Europe Hear Music HRM-33452-01
  14. Europe Hear Music HRM-33448-02/0888072334489
  15. Europe Hear Music HRM-33449-02/0888072334496
  16. US Hear Music HRM-33449-02
  17. Europe Hear Music HRM-33450-00
  18. US Hear Music HRM-33450-00
  19. Europe Hear Music HRM-33451-01
  20. Europe Hear Music HRM-33452-01

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  • Doggett, Peter (2011). You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup. New York, NY: It Books. ISBN 978-0-06-177418-8.
  • Ingham, Chris (2003). The Rough Guide to The Beatles. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84353-140-1.
  • Madinger, Chip; Easter, Mark (2000). Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium. Chesterfield, MO: 44.1 Productions. ISBN 978-0-615-11724-9.
  • Norman, Philip (2008). John Lennon: The Life. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-075401-3.
  • Perone, James E. (2012). The Album: A Guide to Pop Music's Most Provocative, Influential, and Important Creations. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-37907-9.
  • Raymer, Miles; Colebrook, Claire (2010). How to Analyze the Music of Paul McCartney. ABDO. ISBN 978-1-61758-784-9.
  • Rodriguez, Robert (2010). Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980. Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1-4165-9093-4.
  • Schaffner, Nicholas (1978). The Beatles Forever. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-055087-2.
  • Sounes, Howard (2010). Fab: An Intimate Life of Paul McCartney. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-723705-0.
  • Spizer, Bruce (2005). The Beatles Solo on Apple Records. New Orleans, LA: 498 Productions. ISBN 978-0-9662649-5-1.
  • Woffinden, Bob (1981). The Beatles Apart. London: Proteus. ISBN 978-0-906071-89-2.
Further reading
  • McGee, Garry (2003). Band on the Run; A History of Paul McCartney and Wings. New York: Taylor Trade Publishing. ISBN 978-0-87833-304-2.
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