Pyrgomorphidae

Pyrgomorphidae is a family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera; it is the only family in the superfamily Pyrgomorphoidea, with a pan-tropical distribution.[1] Their name is probably derived from pyrgos (Greek: Πύργος) meaning "tower": a reference to the form (morph) of the head in the type genus Pyrgomorpha and other genera.

Pyrgomorphidae
Pyrgomorpha conica
Zonocerus variegatus adult female
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Caelifera
Family: Pyrgomorphidae
Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874
Subfamilies and Tribes

See text

They may sometimes be known as "gaudy grasshoppers",[1] due to the striking, often aposematic colouration of a number of genera; however many others are camouflaged or cryptic, including the genus Pyrgomorpha.

Subfamilies and Tribes

Incomplete list of genera and species:[1]

Sub-family Orthacridinae

All tribes and selected genera only are shown here:

  • Tribe Brunniellini Kevan, 1963 - Philippines
  • Tribe Chapmanacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - W. Africa
  • Tribe Fijipyrgini Kevan, 1966 - Fiji
  • Tribe Geloiini Bolívar, 1905 - Madagascar
  • Tribe Gymnohippini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
  • Tribe Ichthiacridini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico
  • Tribe Ichthyotettigini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico
  • Tribe Malagasphenini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
  • Tribe Mitricephalini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Malesia
  • Tribe Nereniini Kevan, 1964 - Vietnam, PNG
    • Genus Nerenia: Nerenia francoisi Bolívar, 1905 (monotypic)
    • Genus Megradina: Megradina festiva Storozhenko, 2004 (monotypic)
  • Tribe Orthacridini Bolívar, 1905 - E. Africa, Madagascar, India, Indo-China
Neorthacris simulans at Kadavoor, Kerala, India
  • Tribe Popoviini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - E. Africa to India
    • Genus Popovia Uvarov, 1952
  • Tribe Psednurini Burr, 1904 - Australia
  • Tribe Sagittacridini Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966 - Madagascar
  • Tribe Verduliini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Philippines to PNG

Sub-family Pyrgomorphinae

Some notable genera and species are shown here:

  • Tribe Atractomorphini - Africa, Asia, Australia
Atractomorpha similis
  • Tribe Chlorizeinini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Africa, Asia
  • Tribe Chrotogonini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, Asia
  • Tribe Desmopterini - W. Africa, Asia, Australia
    • Genus Desmoptera: including Desmoptera truncatipennis[2]
  • Tribe Dictyophorini - Africa
Immature Dictyophorus spumans Cedarberg South Africa
Phymateus morbillosus. Male. Common milkweed locust photographed in thorn tree (African acacia sp.) at Sterkfontein
  • Tribe Poekilocerini Burmeister, 1840 - Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG
  • Tribe Psednurini - Australia
    • Genus Psednura
  • Tribe Pseudomorphacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Indo-China
    • Genus Pseudomorphacris Carl, 1916
  • Tribe Pyrgomorphini - Africa, W. Asia through to India
    • Genus Pyrgomorpha Serville, 1838
    • Genus Pyrgomorphella Bolívar, 1904
  • Tribe Schulthessiini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
  • Tribe Sphenariini Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China
  • Tribe Tagastini Bolívar, 1905 - SE Asia
  • Tribe Taphronotini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, India, Indo-China

References
  1. http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=9428
  2. "Orthoptera (Grasshoppers & Locusts)". anic.ento.csiro.au. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  3. http://www.ces.csiro.au/aicn/name_s/b_3200.htm
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